遺傳型環境 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yízhuànxínghuánjìng]
遺傳型環境 英文
genotypic environment
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  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  • 環境 : environment; surroundings; circumstances; ambient; closeness; ambience; ambiance; atmosphere
  1. The results showed as follows : ( 1 ) 6 traits are correlative with genomic factors according to analysis of population genetics and comparison of the coherence of twins. ( 2 ) the hereditary mode of rolling tongue or pointed tongue was the dominant heredity of single gene of autosome, and the can - rolling type or can - pointed type was the dominant character

    本文首次從群體遺傳學、家系分析、典型系譜分析及雙生子分析多個角度並結合多種相關數理統計方法，對6項人類學特徵的遺傳方式進行了探討，初步確定了各項特徵的遺傳方式，評價了各特徵的遺傳與環境的相對重要性。
  2. The result of such combined effects of the genetic system and the environment is strong homozygosity of the biotypes found by the author.

    遺傳系統和環境的這種聯合效應的結果，使作者看到了生物型的強純合性。
  3. Epistasis and genotype x environment interaction exist universally and have been testified by a lot of researches. these effects play an important role in inheritance, evolution and heterosis in plants

    上位性和基因型環境互作存在的普遍性利它們在植物遺傳、進化和雜樸優勢中的重要作用已為大量研究所證實。
  4. At the same time, this paper also describes the fluctuation of soil nutrients and the contrast between soil of leguminosae and non - vegetation covering. the results are as follows : 1 ) despite the mesophyte leaf form of the ten pioneer species there were significant differences in leaf anatomical characters among them and some differences among different plants of an individual

    結果表明研究區喀斯特先鋒植物葉片在不同種類之間具有明顯差異，這些差異除受遺傳因子控制外，環境因子（主要為光照和水分）也有重要作用；生活型不同對先鋒植物葉片特徵有一定影響，但未表現出規律性。
  5. Penetrance can be influenced by mutation - specific phenotypes and the potential modifying effects of the patient ' s own genetic and environmental background

    外顯率則受突變特異表型和病人自身的遺傳和環境背景潛在的修復效應所影響。
  6. This investigation of the two species is mainly dealing with their morphological characters, population biology, pollination biology and molecular biology, based on the following methods such as section slides, sem, artificial pollination, rapd analysis and gravity glass slides. this study is intended to demonstrate the distribution patterns of the populations for the two species, the numerical and spatial characteristics of ecological difference, the biological characters of seeds, pollination mode and reproductive stratigies, and molecular genetics. in light of the results from this study, the reasons that resulted in the present dangerous situation for the two species were discussed, and the suggestions for protecting them were proposed

    本研究以種群為單位，採用石蠟切片、掃描電鏡、重力玻片、人工授粉、 rapd分析等方法，對兩種植物的形態生物學、種群生物學、繁殖生物學和分子生物學等方面進行了詳細研究，以揭示它們的種群分佈類型及成因、種群生態環境差異的數量特徵和空間特徵、種子生物學特徵、傳粉和生殖策略以及種群分子遺傳特徵，進而探討兩物種瀕危的成因和機制，並針對性地提出了科學合理的保護對策和建議。
  7. A novel dynamic evolutionary clustering algorithm ( deca ) is proposed in this paper to overcome the shortcomings of fuzzy modeling method based on general clustering algorithms that fuzzy rule number should be determined beforehand. deca searches for the optimal cluster number by using the improved genetic techniques to optimize string lengths of chromosomes ; at the same time, the convergence of clustering center parameters is expedited with the help of fuzzy c - means ( fcm ) algorithm. moreover, by introducing memory function and vaccine inoculation mechanism of immune system, at the same time, deca can converge to the optimal solution rapidly and stably. the proper fuzzy rule number and exact premise parameters are obtained simultaneously when using this efficient deca to identify fuzzy models. the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy modeling method based on deca is demonstrated by simulation examples, and the accurate non - linear fuzzy models can be obtained when the method is applied to the thermal processes

    針對模糊聚類演算法不適應復雜環境的問題，提出了一種新的動態進化聚類演算法，克服了傳統模糊聚類建模演算法須事先確定規則數的缺陷.通過改進的遺傳策略來優化染色體長度，實現對聚類個數進行全局尋優;利用fcm演算法加快聚類中心參數的收斂;並引入免疫系統的記憶功能和疫苗接種機理，使演算法能快速穩定地收斂到最優解.利用這種高效的動態聚類演算法辨識模糊模型，可同時得到合適的模糊規則數和準確的前提參數，將其應用於控制過程可獲得高精度的非線性模糊模型
  8. Quality of oil determined by the constituents and proportion of fatly acid components, and the understanding of heredity of fatty acid components is of importance to breeding for good quality soybean varieties

    摘要利用5個大豆品種配製20個雜交組合，採用廣義種子遺傳模型分析了大豆脂肪酸組分的胚、細胞質和母體植株等3套遺傳體系的基因主效應和基因型環境效應。
  9. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  10. The obtained results do not support a major gene for body mass index in chinese, the discrepancies between our study and previous studies may result from ethnic difference between chinese and other populations ; the general model provides the best fit to the data, while the environmental model is the second parsimonious model, perhaps due to complex mode of body mass index inheritance ; a moderate heritability estimate is found for body mass index ( h2 = 0. 313 ), lower than that of other populations, this is presumably due to the fact that aside from the influence of genetic bases, body mass index is strongly influenced by environmental factors and that there is a low proportion of obese individuals in samples ( only 4. 1 % individuals have body mass index > 30 )

    分離分析的結果表明， （ 1 ）體重指數不存在主基因分離，不同於在其他非中國人群中檢測的結果，說明存在種群差異性； （ 2 ）一般模型提供了最合適模型，環境模型是次之的嚴格模型，可能由於體重指數遺傳模式的復雜性所致； （ 3 ）中國人群中體重指數具有適中的遺傳率（ h ~ 2 = 0 . 313 ） ，低於其他人群中的結果，這是由於體重指數除了受遺傳因素影響外還受環境因素影響及樣本中低比例的肥胖個體（ 4 . 1的個體bmi 30 ）的原因。
  11. The research interests of this group include : aborvirus diagnosis technology development and the interaction of aborvirus and mosquitoes, entomopathogenic bacteria and insecticidal gene resources, microbial genomics and comparative genomics, insecticidal proteins and their mode of action, construction of engineering strains with higher toxicity and wider active spectrum, production, standardization and the application of bio - pesticide and other microbial agents, resistance mechanism in target insects and the resistance management

    重點研究登革熱病毒、乙型腦炎病毒和西尼羅病毒的快速檢測及病毒與宿主的相互作用關系，蚊蟲病原微生物菌種及其基因資源，微生物基因組學和比較基因組學，殺蚊毒素蛋白特性和作用方式、殺蚊細菌的遺傳改良和工程菌株的構建，新型細菌殺蚊制劑的研製及野生型和重組微生物對環境的安全性評估等，發展新的生物防治技術，建立和完善以生物防治為主的蟲媒病毒媒介蚊蟲綜合防治體系。
  12. Then, we establish the finite element analysis models of the antenna in different structure layout, and obtain the corresponding frequencies and model shapes. finally, according to the importance of each object, we set up the model of multiple objects that aims to maximize the first natural frequency and minimize the mass. combining orthogonal experiment and variant weighting coefficient method, we formed an effective multiple objects optimized algorithm basing on the neural network and genetic algorithm

    本文首先詳細的敘述了天線結構的各組成單元，闡明了天線反射拋物面的形成原理；然後在ansys軟體環境中建立了不同結構布局下天線的有限元分析模型，分析計算了各種情況下天線的的固有頻率與振型；最後依據天線各指標的重要性，建立了以一階固有頻率最大、質量最小為目標的天線結構多目標優化設計模型，並基於神經網路和遺傳演算法，結合正交實驗和變加權系數技術，形成了一種有效的多目標優化演算法，在matlab平臺下實現了天線的結構多目標優化設計計算程序，求得了天線的最佳結構參數。
  13. Genetic models were constructed for qtl mapping by two - dimensional searching. corresponding analysis methods were also proposed, which could estimate additive effects, dominance effects, epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance, and could predict their interaction effects with environments

    構建了可以估汁加性效應、顯性效應、加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應以及預測這些效應與環境互作效應的qtl定位兩維搜索遺傳模型，提出了相應的分析方法。
  14. Monte carlo simulations were conducted to study the new approaches of qtl mapping, the results indicated that general least squares ( gls ) method, which was widely applied in mixed linear model, could unbiasedly estimate all genetic main effects, including additive effects, dominance effects and epistatic effects of additive by additive, additive by dominance, dominance by additive, dominance by dominance. the interaction effects between genetic main effects and environments could also be predicted unbiasedly by linear unbiased prediction ( lup ). the heterosis prediction based on qtl effects was also unbiased

    對新提出的qtl分析方法進行了montecarlo模擬研究，結果表明，廣泛應用於混合線性模型的廣義最小二乘法（ gls ）能夠無偏估計加性效應，顯性效應以及加加、加顯、顯加、顯顯上位性效應等各項遺傳主效應；運用線性無偏預測法（ lup ）能夠無偏預測上述各項遺傳主效應與環境的互作效應；基於qtl效應的雜種優勢預測也是無偏的。
  15. The software system of smart spaces distinguishs ifself from traditional distributed systems in that : 1 ) they should deliver functionality in our everyday world, which is a complex and dynamic changing environment ; 2 ) the system will consist of many wireless networked devices, while wireless connection is prone to transient failure ; 3 ) the interaction points for the people are distributed and multimodal, which imposes tight temporal constraints on the messaging between related modules ; 4 ) modules coming from diversified domains need to cooperate, which raise the need for an abstraction model at a proper level for the construction of the system

    智能空間系統具有區別于傳統分散式系統的新特徵： 1 ）背景環境是復雜、動態的物理空間，新的模塊可能隨時進入和離開； 2 ）存在大量無線聯網設備，而無線網的一個典型特徵是暫時性故障頻繁； 3 ）系統的交互點是分佈和多模態的，相關的模塊間消息的時間關系要求嚴格； 4 ）各種不同應用領域的模塊都可能需要交互協作，同時需要考慮對遺留代碼的包容性。
  16. Involve in the screening and identification of susceptibility genes by using a large - scale case - control study and association method, functional investigation will be also carried on focused on the genes with significant implification

    基於大規模病例對照研究和關聯研究，利用人類單體型計劃和環境基因組計劃的最新研究成果，使用新型遺傳統計學分析軟體，進行鼻咽癌易感基因的篩選，研究環境遺傳在鼻咽癌發病中的交互作用，對篩選到的基因進行相關功能學研究。
  17. Biodiversity in addition has become a hot point of recent study. many researches on species diversity of mains millerwere reported, the studies on genetic diversity were rarely reported, especially for the species such as malus toringoides hughes, which is rich in morphological and genetic diversity

    遺傳多樣性和生態環境多樣性、景觀多樣性和人文多樣性等幾個方面，而蘋果屬植物物種多樣性的研究比較多，但種內的多樣性及其類型分化的研究少有報道，對于形態和遺傳物質多樣性都相當豐富的變葉海棠更是如此。
  18. If the influence of the home enironmental risk factors depends on genotype, as suggested by these results, genotype - enironment explains the large heritability for asthma and related disorders

    象這些結果所顯示的一樣，如果家庭環境有害因素的影響依賴于遺傳型，那麼遺傳型環境就能解釋其對哮喘和相關病癥巨大遺傳可能性。
  19. About eighty percent of common human disorders belong to complex trait. complex diseases are often caused by the interaction of many loci and environmental effects, and exhibit a strong familial component and population genetic heterogeneity. a simple relationship between the observable phenotypes and the underlying genetic effects does not exist

    人類多數（ 80 % ）疾病屬于復雜疾病，復雜疾病一般是由多個遺傳基因及環境因素共同交互作用而發生發展的，並且往往具有家族聚集傾向性、遺傳異質性等特徵，表型與基因型間沒有簡單對應關系。
  20. First, the ceratoides. l seed belongs to low nutrition seed and it " s nature longetivity was short ; second, because of the harsh environment during seed developing, seeds were short of nutrition and the development were uncomplete ; third, because of the unsuitable storage condition, especially because the water contens was higher, the seed deteriorated rapidly

    對駝絨藜屬植物種子短命和劣變原因的初步分析，認為是由遺傳和環境兩方面的原因所至：一是由於駝絨藜植物屬于高數量低營養種子類型，種子自然壽命較短。二是由於種子發育過程中自然環境惡劣，造成種子營養不良，發育程度較差。
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