遺傳改造 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [yízhuàngǎizào]
遺傳改造 英文
genetic engineering
  • 遺 : 遺動詞[書面語] （贈與） offer as a gift; make a present of sth : 遺之千金 present sb with a gener...
  • 傳 : 傳名詞1 （解釋經文的著作） commentaries on classics 2 （傳記） biography 3 （敘述歷史故事的作品）...
  • 改 : Ⅰ動詞1 （改變） change; transform 2 （修改） revise; alter; modify 3 （改正） rectify; correct 4 ...
  • 造 : Ⅰ動詞1 （做; 製作） make; build; create; produce 2 （假編） cook up; fabricate; concoct 3 [書面語...
  • 遺傳 : [生物學] heredity; hereditary; inheritance; inherit
  • 改造 : transform; reform; remould; remake
  1. The method proposed in this thesis do well in solving the problems of multi - damping - ratio - spectra simulation. it is convenient to obtain the pareto optimal solution set of the multi - object question by using implicit parallel genetic algorithms and the method can meet the practical needs for simulating ground motions coinciding with multi - damping - ratio - spectra in seismic design. the crossing rate and variance rate are important parameters of genetic algorithms which affect the rate of convergence, the adapting rate of cross and variation in this paper can auto - adapt and according to stand or fall of current sample, it assures the sample approach to the pareto optimal solution set in fast convergent speed

    較好地解決多阻尼比反應譜擬合問題；本文方法通過一次運行就能獲得一組具有集系特性的地震動，在擬合多阻尼比反應譜的人造地震波集系的模擬方面有傳統方法所不能比擬的優勢，產生的人造波或人造波集系可滿足工程抗震設計需要；在遺傳演算法中，交叉概率和變異概率是影響收斂速度的重要參數，本文採用的改進自適應交叉概率和變異概率，可以根據當前樣本的好壞程度來自動地選擇適當的交叉概率和變異概率，以保證演算法始終以較好的速度向pareto最優解集逼近。
  2. Some of our dna - based services, for example, clinical diagnostics, pre - natal parentage testing and dna profiling are offered through our wholly owned subsidiary dna - tech limited

    為傳染病和基因測試提供最新的獸類及臨床診斷方法，包括親子鑒證產前遺傳病測試dna指紋鑒證及基因改造食品檢測等。
  3. Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements

    利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大
  4. In this text, we first do some research on the genetic algorithm about clustering, discuss about the way of coding and the construction of fitness function, analyze the influence that different genetic manipulation do to the effect of cluster algorithm. then analyze and research on the way that select the initial value in the k - means algorithm, we propose a mix clustering algorithm to improve the k - means algorithm by using genetic algorithm. first we use k - learning genetic algorithm to identify the number of the clusters, then use the clustering result of the genetic clustering algorithm as the initial cluster center of k - means clustering. these two steps are finished based on small database which equably sampling from the whole database, now we have known the number of the clusters and initial cluster center, finally we use k - means algorithm to finish the clustering on the whole database. because genetic algorithm search for the best solution by simulating the process of evolution, the most distinct trait of the algorithm is connotative parallelism and the ability to take advantage of the global information, so the algorithm take on strong steadiness, avoid getting into the local

    本文首先對聚類分析的遺傳演算法進行了研究，討論了聚類問題的編碼方式和適應度函數的構造方案與計算方法，分析了不同遺傳操作對聚類演算法的性能和聚類效果的影響意義。然後對k - means演算法中初值的選取方法進行了分析和研究，提出了一種基於遺傳演算法的k - means聚類改進（混合聚類演算法） ，在基於均勻采樣的小樣本集上用k值學習遺傳演算法確定聚類數k ，用遺傳聚類演算法的聚類結果作為k - means聚類的初始聚類中心，最後在已知初始聚類數和初始聚類中心的情況下用k - means演算法對完整數據集進行聚類。由於遺傳演算法是一種通過模擬自然進化過程搜索最優解的方法，其顯著特點是隱含并行性和對全局信息的有效利用的能力，所以新的改進演算法具有較強的穩健性，可避免陷入局部最優，大大提高聚類效果。
  5. Based on the genetic algorithm ' s global searching capability with probability regulation and euclid ' s space distance metric to settle multi - objective, the algorithm that integrates multi - objective ' s decision - making into the modified genetic algorithm to solute the optimal model with discrete variables and multi - objective is proposed. during the algorithm ' s design, the euclid ' s space distance metric is proposed to transform the multi - objective problem into single objective problem. and some modified measure to fitness function and crossover probability and mutation probability are used to improve the performance of the algorithm and avoid premature convergence

    演算法設計過程中，利用歐幾里德空間距離準則和罰函數法，將含有約束條件的多目標規劃問題轉化為無約束的單目標優化問題；針對簡單遺傳演算法出現的早熟，構造隨進化代數動態調整適應度的適應度函數和隨個體適應度自適應調整的交叉、變異概率；提出比例選擇與精英保留策略相結合的選擇、兩點交叉和簡單變異的改進遺傳演算法。
  6. The article intend to analysis the precess, character and motivion of development in traditional street space in which contain abundant cultural heritage. through investigation the writer should analysis the characte r, form and the relationship with each other, and furthermore find the pattern of the space in the fulture. what the most important is to summarize the spitits in traditional street space, such as activition, fuction, cultural elements, social customs and quatity of space. in order to put these elements to the exploit of new street space and find how these elements should be used, the writer regards some streets as the examples such as wenming street in kunming, xinhua street in lijiang jianshe rode in luxi. through research the writer find problems which exist in not only traditional but also in new street and express individual viewpoint about how to solve the problems. there are several ways to keep the new street exploition success. in the first place, we shoule know about all kinds of influences and synthesized elements. secondly mastering the mechanism of the development by oneself is indispensable. in the last place, it is necessory not to imitate some certain model which is plausible in other place. in the l ast of the article, the writer uses a new project to further illustrate the way to put the theory what have mentioned above into the practice

    並從自然，社會，經濟及社會文化方面分析產生的根源，發展動力，其次通過實際調查，對現有傳統商住的物質形態要素進行分析，從商空間及住空間的基本特徵，型制入手，探索傳統商住街區的空間形態，結構組成，商與住空間關系，空間性質及空間如何相互轉化。以此來尋找傳統商住街區物質形態特徵，同時結合具體實例強調在傳統商住街區改造、新區的規劃設計中應當重視非物質要素內涵的提取、如活動者及社會結構、功能意義、空間品質、文化氣息，保持歷史傳統的延續性的必要性與可行性。在文章的後半部分，有針對性的對遺留下來的傳統商住街區-昆明文明街、麗江新華街、瀘西建設路的物質形態特徵和非物質形態特徵的分析，找出現存的問題，並針對問題發表個人的觀點，指出引導現代商住街區的開發與改造中，保持形態合理發展的正確途徑是了解影響形態發展與演變的各種因素及其綜合作用，把握好形態演交的內在機制，而不應刻意追求某種特定的模式。
  7. In order to improve the expression level of e2 gene in p. pastoris, 24 low - usage codons for p. pastoris were substitued by directed mutagnesis based on pcr

    這表明對e2基因上低利用密碼子的改造是成功的，豬瘟病毒ez基因遺傳變異及體外表達研究為進一步大規模生產打下了基礎。
  8. Facing to manufacturing system, this paper analyzed its characters and evolvement of production management modes, demonstrated that lean production and human - based theory were practical ways to reform our manufacturing systems fit for the reality. a division method was raised to separate the job - scheduling problem into shop and station types, and emphasis was pressed on the study of partheno - genetic algorithm ( pga ), a revised genetic algorithm, to calculate this problem. a new kind of gene joint - move algorithm was also raised

    針對製造系統，分析其生產管理模式的特點和變遷，論證了精益生產和以人為本的思想是適合現階段我國實際的製造系統管理模式改造途徑，對其中的主要具體問題?作業計劃調度提出shop （車間）和station （工作站）型兩分法，求解上重點研究了遺傳演算法的改進型式?單染色體遺傳演算法（ pga ）的基本理論，提出一種基因聯合移位運算元，證明了演算法的有效性與優越性，研究了如何將pga應用於製造系統作業調度這一復雜的組合優化問題，針對生產中總時間最短和jit兩種生產性能指標，給出了具體的解決方案及運算過程。
  9. After a short - term load forecasting method based analogous and linear extrapolation is proposed, the load forecast and the priority of equipment action are led into static reactive power optimization. the aim function is constructed for the practical situation of power system. on the basis of traditional genetic algorithm the fitness function and the holding of population diversity are improved

    在提出基於相似日和線性外推的短期負荷預測新方法的基礎上，將負荷預測和設備動作優先級引入靜態無功優化中，並結合電網實際情況，構造了實用的目標函數，對遺傳演算法的適應度函數和群體多樣性的保持進行了改進，採用鄰域搜索運算元增加遺傳演算法的局部尋優能力。
  10. Finally, the size of trees and the area required for field trails create considerable difficulties in assessing the performance. the technology of plant genetic transformation provides a efficient method to overcome many of these obstacles and to accelerate tree - breeding programs

    植物遺傳轉化能在分子水平上改造植物的遺傳物質，它可以打破物種之間的生殖隔離障礙，定向改造植物遺傳性狀，提高了育種的目的性和可操作性。
  11. The division of royal family had a significant effect to the old tradition that left from the period of tribe alliance, and also was a reformation to the old noble polity pattern

    皇族耶律氏的分化是對契丹族部落聯盟時期遺留下來的舊傳統的有利沖擊，也是對舊有的貴族政治格局的改造的過程。
  12. This work is the analysis of metabolic pathway and designing rational genetic modification to optimize cellular properties by using principle of molecular biology

    本研究根據代謝工程原理系統分析了細胞代謝網路，並利用dna重組技術合理設計細胞代謝途徑及其遺傳修飾，進而完成細胞特性改造。
  13. This thesis suggests a process considered minimizes the population size as similar individuals occur in the fitter members of the population, which helps reduce the execution times for ga by removing the redundancy associated with the saturation effect found in the later generation. this thesis uses a method that adds dynamic penalty terms to the fitness function according to the optimal degree of solutions, so as to create a gradient toward a feasible suboptimal or even optimal solutions. on the basis of the difference of the biggest and the smallest of fitness of individual, modifying the fitness function in order to convergence is a satisfaction

    動態調節種群大小，去掉遺傳演算法在迭代後期搜索產生的過多相似個體，達到減少計算時間的目的；按照解的優劣程度給適應度函數增加一個在ga搜索過程中動態改變的可變罰函數，給搜索最優解創造一個梯度，使遺傳演算法收斂到可行的較優解或最優解；根據適應度值最大和最小個體的差修正適應度函數，使適應度函數值適中不容易造成收斂太快、局部收斂或根本不收斂而變成隨機搜索；為了避免「近親繁殖」採用競爭擇優的交叉操作；利用并行遺傳演算法的思想，提出一種自適應多子種群進化策略；提出人口汰新政策來解決類似甚至相同的個體的情況發生。
  14. " everyone was intrigued by this, " says mark frankel, who headed a panel convened by the american association for the advancement of science to consider the ethics of inheritable genetic modifications

    美國科學促進協會研究遺傳基因改造倫理問題的小組負責人馬克?弗蘭克爾說： 「每個人都對此非常好奇。 」
  15. A lot of sugar beet germplasms with high yield and high sugar content as well as disease resistance have been identified and selected through the appraisal of main agronomic traits, quality analysis and germplasms creation from seventh five - year plan to tenth five - year plan, and some novel superior germplasms with good economic characters, superior adaptability, good combining ability and genetic stability have been created, which have been applied to breeding as pre - breeding, new varieties have been bred to commendably serve for sugar beet production

    摘要通過「七五」至「十五」期間甜菜種質資源的主要農藝性狀鑒定、品質分析和種質創新研究，鑒定、篩選出一大批豐產、高糖、抗病的種質資源材料，同時對其性狀改良，創造出一些經濟性狀優良、適應性強、配合力高、遺傳穩定的新型優異種質，有的已做為預選種應用於我國的育種實踐中，並育成新品種在生產上大面積推廣應用。
  16. A study on modeling, scheduling and optimal control problems for a class of hybrid manufacturing systems is investigated. in this framework, the discrete entities have a state characterized by a temporal component whose evolution is described by event - driven dynamics and a physical component whose evolution is described by continuous time - driven dynamics, thus it is a typical hybrid system. not only the optimal control for manufacturing process like that discussed in many references but also the optimal machining sequence are considered in this paper. the whole problem is solved by a two - level optimization method : at the inner loop, for any given machining sequence of the jobs, the optimal control for manufacturing process is considered ; while at the outer level, an improved genetic algorithm is used to decide the optimal machining sequence of a batch of jobs to be processed. finally, some examples are given to illustrate the validity of the algorithm

    研究了一類單階段混合製造系統的建模、分析與調度問題，這類系統既包含離散事件動態，也包含連續時間動態，前者用排隊網路描述，後者用微分方程描述.不僅考慮了a這類系統的最優控制問題，而且考慮了工件進入生產線的最優時間，並用一個復雜的優化模型描述，同時給出了一個兩層優化方法，內層給出對給定工件序列的最優控制，而外層用一改進的遺傳演算法求解工件進入生產線的最優時間序列.若干模擬實例說明了演算法的有效性
  17. Though the technique of nuclejc transformation in plants has been developed and used widely, some problems in genetic information have not been resolved. for example, because the nucleic genome is so big and complicated that the integration sites and copies of foreign gene can not be controlled accurately, the expression of transferred genes is inefficient as a result of gene silencing or position effect. in nucleic transformation, furthermore, the transfer of multigene is difficult, and only after the prokaryotic genes undergo modification are they expressed in high plants

    植物的細胞核轉化技術已發展成熟並得到廣泛應用，但核基因組的遺傳轉化仍存在一系列至今尚未解決的問題：例如由於核基因組大，背景復雜，外源基因的整合位點和整合的拷貝數難以人為控制，造成鄭州大學2003年博士學位論文杜氏鹽藻（ dunaliellasalina ）葉綠體轉化研究外源基因表達效率低，容易出現基因失活、基因沉默、位置效應等現象;同時轉入多個基因時操作步驟過于復雜，所表達的原核基因必須經過修飾改造，環境安全難以保證等。
  18. Comparison of the optimal solution and the normal solution of water network upgrading and expansion engineering in some city of si chuan province illustrates the optimal plan which applies genetic algorithm saves the cost of water networks paving compared to the convention plan

    應用遺傳演算法優化結果進行給水管網設計的優化設計法與傳統設計法在四川省某市給水管網改擴建實際工程中的應用表明，優化設計方案要比傳統設計方案節省管網造價。
  19. Brinster says that sperm - producing cells are the best target for anyone trying to tinker with human genetic inheritance

    布林斯特說，對于想改變人類遺傳基因的人來說，改造產生精子的細胞是最好的辦法。
  20. The standard way to manufacture protein medicines ? typically in huge fermenting vats filled with genetically engineered hamster ovary cells ? is labor - intensive

    製造蛋白質藥物的標準做法是勞力密集的工業，一般需要巨型的發酵槽，裝滿了經遺傳工程改造的倉鼠卵細胞。
分享友人
分享到 Line

分享到臉書