量子有機化學 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [liángziyǒujīhuàxué]
量子有機化學 英文
quantum organic chemistry
  • 量 : 量動1. （度量） measure 2. （估量） estimate; size up
  • 子 : 子Ⅰ名詞1 （兒子） son 2 （人的通稱） person 3 （古代特指有學問的男人） ancient title of respect f...
  • 有 : 有副詞[書面語] （表示整數之外再加零數）: 30 有 5 thirty-five; 10 有 5年 fifteen years
  • 機 : machineengine
  • 學 : Ⅰ動詞1 （學習） study; learn 2 （模仿） imitate; mimic Ⅱ名詞1 （學問） learning; knowledge 2 （學...
  • 量子 : quantum; gion
  • 有機化學 : chinese journal of organic chemistry
  • 有機 : organic organic
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. Indium stannum oxide ( ito ) as semiconductor have caused a great deal of interest due to their prominent electro - optical behavior. ito has high prominent transmittance, high infrared reflectance, good electrical conductivity, ito applied as gas sensors, photovoltaic devices, heat reflecting mirrors, solar cells, flat panel displays, liquid crystal displays, electroluminescent, devices and organic light - emitting diodes ( oled ) etc. although preparations and applications of ito films have been studied deeply. nano - ito composites hardly studied

    氧化銦錫（ ito ）是一種高簡並的n型半導體，由於具有導電性，可見光高透過率，紅外反射性，穩定的化學性，被廣泛應用於熱反射建築玻璃、抗靜電塗層，太陽能電池，熱發射鏡，平板顯示器和液晶顯示屏，傳感器，有機光致二級管（ oled ）等方面，國內外對高質量的ito薄膜的制備和應用進行了深入的研究，但是很少有ito納米粒子與高分子材料復合的報道。
  3. This paper mainly aims at the strategic demands for large - aperture lightweight mirror proposed by high - tech development. its main research contents are : select material blank for lightweight mirror according to physical and chemical properties of optical glass ; analyze and calculate the deformation quantity of the mirror with finite element method ; design and optimize mirror body structure of 400 lightweight plane mirror and 450 lightweight spherical mirror, analyze glass cutting principle, design specisl - use grinding wheel structure, select reasonable technological parameters to implement the processing of weight reduction holes on 400 plane mirror ; analyze etching mechanism of hydrofluoric acid, look for the technological parameters such as the optimal acid concentration and etching time etc. ; eliminate the stress of weight reduction holes and micro - cracks on 400 lightweight plane mirror ; discuss the processing principle and

    本論文的研究主要是瞄準國家高技術對大口徑輕型鏡的戰略需求而開展的。主要研究內容是：根據光學玻璃的物理與化學性能，選擇輕型鏡坯材料；用有限元法對鏡子的變形進行分析、計算，找出變形規律，優化設計400mm輕型平面鏡、 450mm輕型球面鏡鏡體結構；分析玻璃切削原理，設計專用磨輪結構，選擇合理工藝技術參數，完成400mm平面鏡輕量化減重孔的加工；分析氫氟酸腐蝕光學玻璃機理，尋找最佳酸濃度、腐蝕作用時間等工藝參數，實現400mm平面鏡減重孔應力與微裂紋的消除；討論分離器加工原理和工藝技術特點，完成400mm平面輕型鏡面形加工。
  4. The results show that the dynamic elastic modulus, loss modulus and complex viscosity of the nanocomposite are higher than those of pp, while the loss factor is lower, that the complex viscosity of the nanocomposites is more sensitive to temperature, and that the flow activation energy and the crystallization temperature increase respectively by 15 % and 10k as compared with pp, which may contribute to the enhanced interfacial interaction between pp and ommt resulting from the addition of tmpp

    結果表明：與純聚丙烯相比，納米復合材料具有較高的動態彈性模量、損耗模量和復合粘度，力學損耗因子則降低，納米復合材料的復合粘度對溫度的敏感性略高於聚丙烯；界面改性劑的加入增強了有機蒙脫土與聚丙烯的界面作用，與聚丙烯相比，納米復合材料的流動活化能提高約15 % ，結晶峰溫度提高10k左右。
  5. Also, the author ’ s design strategy and creativity has been given in this paper. specifically, it includes : based on the feasibility analysis of the fit selection of control parameters in the aeration process, the aeration process of wastewater treatment of the joint - constructional complete - mixed activated sludge process has been aimed at in this paper. then, the state equations of the aeration process have been proposed in this paper, which is on the base of dissolved oxygen concentration ( do ) and discharge quantity of sludge ( qw ) as control variables, the concentration of bod and sludge as state variables. based on the present study on optimization control of wastewater treatment, the multivariable optimal control model with restriction factor has been presented in the paper with introducing modern control theory and system analysis into the field of activated sludge wastewater treatment,

    具體包括:以完全混合、表面曝氣合建式活性污泥工藝的污水處理曝氣過程為研究對象，在闡述了曝氣過程式控制制參數選取可行性的基礎上，建立了以溶解氧濃度do和活性污泥排放量qw為控制變量，以曝氣池中有機物濃度s和微生物濃度x為狀態變量的活性污泥曝氣過程的基本狀態方程;運用現代控制理論的觀點和污水處理理論，在現有關于污水處理最優控制問題研究的基礎上，建立了有約束條件多變量能耗最小數學模型，該數學模型是以有機物排放總量和狀態變量的末值條件作為約束條件，曝氣過程的能耗最小作為目標泛函;採用增廣拉格朗日乘子法對最優控制問題進行轉化，並對應用極大值原理求解能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行了詳細的解析;引入約束運算元，應用具有控制約束的共軛梯度演算法對能耗最小這一最優控制問題進行求解，並進行模擬實驗驗證。
  6. Many studies had attempted to characterize chemical weathering process by focusing on geochemisty of river particulate and sediment. the sediment geochemistry may reflect and compare with the carbonates and silicates weathering degree by introducing the chemical index of alteration ( cia ) and new sediment index of variation ( siv ) and elemental molar abundance ratio of the sediment. the one main objective of this study would provide and compare the relative weathering intensities of silicates and carbonates with the different basins

    2沉積物地球化學與化學風化進程和機械剝蝕率化學風化指數與化學風化率屬于表徵化學風化作用意義不同的函數，前者為相對概念反映流域巖石在原巖基礎上己發生淋溶作用的深度，主要受到了氣候因子的深刻影響（中國流域沉積物化學風化指數由北到南呈有規則的遞增序列，氣候因子對風化進程的影響掩蓋了巖性的巨大差異） ，而化學風化率含義是指單位流域面積巖石風化淋溶產生的離子絕對總量。
  7. With the very low water to cement ratio, rpc has ultra - high strength high ductility and low permeability. in this paper, the compressive strength of rpc can reach to a high point with the number approximately 135mpa. as illustrated from the study results, we can approve some fundamental conclusions : there are big effects on rpc with deferent kinds and properties of raw materials and deferent curing conditions ; stress - strain curve shows the process of destroy with rpc samples ; x - ray diffraction analysis indicates that heat treatment at temperatures 90 accelerate the hydration of rpc sharply, therefore, mechanical and microstructural properties of rpc are highly dependent on heat treatment ; it is believed that rpc materials have excellent resistance to chloride permeability ; during the heat treatment, the shrinkage of rpc developed quickly because of chemical reactions ; the rpc with slag mostly has the advantage of rpc without slag about resistance to solutions corrosion

    研究結果表明：通過對rpc各組分摻量變化的研究，可以找到rpc的最優配合比；試件成型后的熱養護制度對rpc的性能影響巨大； rpc的抗壓應力?應變曲線可以反映出試件受破壞時微裂紋的擴展情況，剛纖維的摻入可以大幅改善rpc的韌性； rpc在成型后存在較大的收縮，而其中的化學收縮要遠遠大於乾燥收縮； rpc具有很強的抗氯離子滲透性能，漿體的密實度很高；通過x射線衍射實驗，可以發現rpc的膠凝體中ch晶體已經幾乎不存在，膠凝體主要由c - s - h凝膠和未水化水泥顆粒組成；在抗溶液侵蝕的實驗中，摻礦渣rpc的抗溶液侵蝕性能在絕大多數情況下要好於不摻礦渣試件，酸、堿溶液和浙江工業大學碩士學位論文摘要一些鹽溶液都會對rpc的結構產生侵蝕作用，但是機理各有不同。
  8. In 2005, 61 physical and chemical parameters were measured and analysed in sediments. these included particle size, electrochemical potential as highly anoxic sediment with negative potential is related to organic pollution, chemical oxygen demand which indicates organic pollutants, total sulphide inorganic constituents, source of the unpleasant - smelling gas hydrogen sulphide, 15 metals and metalloids aluminium, arsenic, barium, boron, cadmium, chromium, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, silver, vanadium and zinc, and trace toxic organics pahs and pcbs - 16 compounds and 18 congeners respectively

    2005年，沉積物監測包括分析61種物理及化學參數，其中有粒子大小電化學勢有機污染促使沉積物缺氧，而讓電化學勢呈負數值化學需氧量顯示有機污染程度總硫化物無機物，是造成難聞氣體硫化氫的主因15種金屬及準金屬鋁砷鋇硼鎘鉻銅鐵鉛錳汞鎳銀釩及鋅和痕量毒性有機物多環芳烴及多氯聯苯分別為16種復合物及18種同質物。
  9. During the past fifty years, it was widely used to measure the chemical properties of molecules in the fields of structural chemistry, organic chemistry, and pharmacy etc. in 1997, a particular international conference was held to celebrate the fiftieth anniversary for the invention of the index, and published a special issue for the proceedings of the conference in discrete mathematics to memorize it

    五十多年來統計化學、結構化學、有機化學、藥物研究等方面廣泛採用這一指標來測量分子的性能。 1997年國際上還專門召開了學術會議以慶祝這一指標提出五十周年，並出版論文專集以示紀念；這也主要是因為近年來，組合化學在國際學術界的興起，為尋找新的物質（特別是有機物、新型藥物）奠定了理論基礎。
  10. To investigate the space / time distributions and occurrence and evolution of such events, the diffusion pattern over deserts, turbulent transfer features in sandstorm weather, the particle size distribution, mass concentration and its distribution, optic properties, chemical composition and physical factors responsible for the initiation of raising sands, we made integrative observation and sounding of sandstorms deep in the large - scale desert area, including tengri, badanjilin and maowusu, with the items consisting of micrometeorological measurement, 3d wind observation, data from kb - 120 and anderson samplers of mass concentrations of sands with their spectrum, the distribution of aerodynamic particle sizes from the aps3310a, retrieval of aerosols " optic depth from sunphotometer data, assay of the chemical composition by means of neutron activiation analysis ( naa ) and integrated study of all related factors for causing sandstorm to occur, based on the observations of all kinds

    利用所取資料，系統分析了不同強度沙塵天氣條件下沙塵氣溶膠質量濃度和質量濃度譜、粒子譜分佈、光學厚度、化學組分等特徵；綜合分析了影響沙塵起動的諸物理因子在沙塵起動中的作用；用沙塵輸送模式對一次沙塵暴天氣造成的泥雨過程的形成機制進行了模擬。歷史氣象資料統計分析表明，沙塵暴有其高發期（ 4 、 5月）和高發時段（ 14 - 20時） ， 14時到20時之間發生的沙塵暴約占沙塵暴總次數的66 。揚沙和沙塵暴天氣條件下，湍流動量通量和湍流感熱通量都是重要的湍流交換，沙塵暴發生前近地層的超絕熱不穩定對沙塵暴天氣有加強作用。
  11. Furthermore, utilizing the characteristic that filtering error covariance expresses filtering precision and the principle of information conservation, the dynamic and reasonable distribution of distributed tracks weight coefficient is accomplished. jerk model and strong tracking filter is organically assembled, and based on spatio - temporal synthetically analysis and lme, a self - learning estimation method of the system measurement variance is given. the method improves obviously the

    3 、將jerk模型與強跟蹤濾波演算法有機地結合，並利用時空綜合分析和極大似然估計的思想推導出了一種系統量測方差自學習修正方法，以優化強跟蹤濾波演算法中次優漸消因子和濾波增益的在線選擇，同時根據多傳感器數據融合具有改善濾波精度的性質，進而給出一種基於jerk模型的多傳感器數據融合演算法。
  12. My takes charge of rests on " may repeatedly charging and discharging lithium ion power battery " the patent development product after the national most authoritative examination organization - - information industrial department chemical physics power source product quality surveillance test center strictest examination, may make any, all users to feel relieved absolutely to the high efficiency power source safety performance

    敝司依據《可反復充放電的鋰離子動力電池》專利研製的產品經過國家最權威的檢測機構? ?信息產業部化學物理電源產品質量監督檢驗中心的最嚴格的檢驗，可令任何、所有用戶對大功率電源的安全性能絕對放心。
  13. With the reference of many relevant materials, the author prepared a fined molybdenum disulfide powder with a average size of 800nm by ball milling, and a nano - copper with average size of 30nm in micromulsion solution method, and synthesized surface - modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles with average size of 40nm in organic media via sol - gel method. the tribological performances of three particles were studied by universal test as well, with the result of fined molybdenum disulfide powder with good reducing wear and antiwear performance at low load, nano - copper with good reducing wear and antiwear performance at high load, surface - modified titanium dioxide nanoparticles maintaining stable reducing wear and antiwear performance from low load to high load due to its characteristics of organic and inorganic nanocomposite. the results indicate that the nanocomposite is the most perspective oil additive. the reducing wear and antiwear mechanism of nano oil additive was studied with in - situ tribochemical principle. nano additives possess broadly developing prospect with its above - mentioned performance

    在參閱了大量文獻的基礎上，分別採用了球磨法、微乳液法、溶膠?凝膠法制備了超細二硫化鉬、納米銅粒子、表面修飾納米二氧化鈦，經原子力顯微鏡測試，獲得的超細二硫化鉬的粒度平均在800nm以內，納米銅粒子平均粒度約為30nm ，表面修飾納米二氧化鈦平均粒度約為40nm ，在萬能摩擦磨損試驗機上測試了三種粒子的摩擦學特性，結果表明：在合理的添加濃度范圍內，超細二硫化鉬在低載時具有優良的減摩抗磨性能，納米銅在高載時具有比較好的減摩抗磨性能，表面修飾二氧化鈦粒子因具有有機與無機復合物的特性，從低載到高載都保持穩定的減摩抗磨性能。
  14. This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

    本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。
  15. Bioenergetics discusses the principle of biological energy and various biochemical processes related to energy transformation. metabolism and its regulation deals with the metabolism of biomolecules and its regulation. methods in biochemistry provides basic training in the applications of biochemical methods in the qualitative and quantitative estimation of biologically active molecules

    生物化學細胞基礎闡述細胞的結構、成分及其功能；生物分子入門介紹體內各種生物分子的結構和特性及其與生物功能的關系；生物能量學探討生物能量的原理，以及各種與能量轉化有關的生化過程；代謝調控機理使學生深入了解生物分子的新陳代謝及其調節控制；生物化學方法使學生掌握分析生物系統及其成分的實驗技巧；蛋白質與
  16. There exist large stress, intensive scratch, damage and pollution of ion in wafer process, so it is necessary to improve mechanism of slicing and lapping by changing single mechanical function to equilibrium chemical and mechanical function for small damage and low stress. reducing damage and stress and enhancing quality and efficiency of product result in a base of followed process so as to improve wafer process and enhance finished product ratio of whole wafer process

    目前加工過程中存在應力過大，造成表面劃傷嚴重，容易產生破損，離子沾污的問題，因而必須改善切削、研磨機理，把單一的機械作用變為均勻穩定的化學機械作用，以達到淺損傷、低應力的目的，有效的減少破損層和應力的累積，提高產品質量和加工的效率。
  17. Based on the theory that the optical properties of zncdse / znse qd structure at different formation and ripening stage are different from each other, by investigating the variation in emission peak energy and integrated intensity, the formation and ripening information of the dots was obtained, which overcomes the disadvantage of atomic force microscopy ( afm ) in that it can not be applied to the measurement of the initial formation stage of the qd. furthermore, it is of great help to clarify the controversies in the ripening process of se - compound qd

    利用量子點在不同形成和熟化階段具有不同的光學性質這一思想，通過測量zncdse znse量子結構的發光峰的位置與相對強度的變化，獲得了量子點的形成和熟化信息，從而既解決了一般金屬有機物化學氣相沉積（ mocvd ）設備由於沒有原位監測儀器而無法對量子點的形成過程進行監測的不足，又澄清了原子力顯微鏡表徵的量子點熟化過程的爭議。
  18. To study its properties and obtain high quality thin films, a variety of techniques have been used such as molecular beam epitaxy ( mbe ), metal organic chemical vapor deposition ( mocvd ), magnetron sputtering, pulsed laser deposition, to prepare zno thin films

    為了獲得高質量的氧化鋅薄膜材料，人們已採用分子束外延，有機化學汽相沉積，脈沖激光沉積，磁控濺射等各種技術來制備氧化鋅薄膜材料。
  19. In this thesis, the zns, znse films and znse quantum dots ( qds ) have been obtained by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition ( mocvd )

    本論文利用金屬有機化學氣相沉積（ mocvd ）系統控制生長條件制備了zns 、 znse薄膜和znse量子點。
  20. The fabrication methods such as molecular - beam epitaxy and metal - organic chemical vapor deposition and experimental studies of their properties have been reported, and theoretical studies mainly concentrate on the impurity binding energy varying the size of the wire, the effect of the applied electric field or magnetic field, and photoionization of impurities

    在實驗上已經用分子束外延和金屬有機化學汽相淀積等技術對其物理性質進行了廣泛的研究，而理論上的研究主要集中於研究量子線的尺寸對雜質束縛能的影響、外加電場或磁場的作用及雜質的光致電離效應。
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