鋼立筋 的英文怎麼說

Abstract : considering the action of soil lateral compression on the single base with short column and the research result of the piles, the calculation to the effect of soil lateral compression on the base is put forward. according to the calculation results, the design method of the single base with short column considering the soil lateral compression is given. it ' s apparent that the design method here can save concrete and reinforcement compaired with the one without considering the lateral action of soil

文摘:考慮土壤側壓力對帶短柱獨立基礎的作用，基於對樁的研究結果，提出土壤側壓力及對基礎受力影響的計算，根據分析計算結果提出了考慮土壤側壓力作用的帶短柱獨立基礎的設計方法，顯然這一計算方法較未考慮土壤側壓力作用的計算方法合理並能節約砼及鋼筋

6. the sectional cross - sectional discrete yield - sruface model is used to spandrel deep beams, the effect of the shear deformation to shear force on ( he m ~ terial nonlinearity is considered, ( he bond slip in anchorage zones is regarded as the houndaty nonlinearity of a member. except the geometric nonhineaicty. consideration of double nonlinearities about materials an

6 、將分段截面離散的屈服面模型法應用於裙梁，考慮剪力剪切變形對材料非線性的影響，將錨固區鋼筋的粘結滑移看成構件的邊界非線性，不考慮幾何非線件，建立了裙梁考慮村料、邊界雙重非線性的空間滯回曲線分析模型。

Consideration of the additional axial, two angular deformations generated by the bond slipping in anchorage zones of joints, the assumption is made, that the plane section of either end of a member before bond slipping of reinforcements remains afler bond slipping of reinforcements. additional deformations * contribution to stif ? nesses of plastic sub - elements is formed from the boundary nonlinearity of plastic stabelements. the space bond slip relation can truly compute bond slip in anchorage zones, additional def ? rmatinns, and their contribution to the space nonlinearity of a niember, has used iii space nonlinear analysis of columns and spandrel beams in this dissertation

附加變形對塑性子區域的剛度貢獻，看作是塑性子區域的邊界非線性，建立了構件端部子區域基於構件邊界非線性的鋼筋與砼之間的空間粘結滑移關系，能較真實地求得錨固區的粘結滑移、附加變形以及他們對構件空間非線性性能的貢獻，並運用於柱、裙梁的空間非線性分析之中。

The section loss of steel bars and degradation of bond intensity were taken into consideration in this study in order to establish the finite element model of corroded reinforced concrete beam through simulating the bond slip behavior between steel bar and reinforced concrete based on nonlinear spring element

摘要在考慮銹蝕引起的鋼筋橫截面損失和粘結強度下降的前提下，利用非線性彈簧單元模擬銹蝕鋼筋與混凝土之間的粘結滑移性能，建立了銹蝕鋼筋混凝土梁的有限元分析模型。

Based on tests of nine 1 / 2 - scaled model slabs under vertical loads, the paper analyzed load - deformation curve and proposed limit value of height - width ratio under axial loads. 2. based on aseismic tests, the paper put forward a model of concrete frame, silica brick and a combination of the two, proposed that the silica brick works as a 45 compression bar, analyzed the factors which may influence bearing capacity of the slab and advised a formula including the numbers of bays and of storeys of the frame

通過對墻板模型的抗震性能試驗研究，建立了由鋼筋混凝土框格、砌塊以及兩者協同作用三個部分組成的承載力極限狀態下的理論簡化計算模型；提出了墻板中填充塊等效斜壓桿寬度按45度計算的統一量化標準；分析了影響墻板承載力的主要影響因素，給出了表達墻板框格層數和跨數不同的斜截面承載力實用設計計算公式。

This paper focuses on the research of the stress mechanism of the ribbed shell structure in statics, dynamics and under the explosive load on the basis of the engineering practice of cave depot of single aircraft. in this paper, according to the classical shell theories, the basic differential equilibrium of the ribbed shell structure and the finite element analysis of 3d rippled plate are established, in which the function of annular ribs reinforcement bars and 3d ripped steel plates are distributed in the range of the steel, and the functions along the longitude direction of tension, bending, and torsion are neglected ; applied with dynamic analytical theory, the dynamic model of ribbed shell structure and the analytical theory model of elastic - plastic are set up ; the triangle series method is used to solve the displacement and stress under the distributed load and the concentrated load of the ribbed shell structure

本文以軍用機場地面單機掩蔽庫工程建設為工程背景，首次對內襯三維波紋鋼板混凝土拱型復合結構的受力機理進行了靜力、動力和爆炸荷載的分析研究。根據將橫肋、鋼筋及三維波紋鋼板的作用均勻分佈在殼體范圍內的情況，忽略橫肋、鋼筋及三維波紋鋼板沿殼體母線方向的抗拉、抗彎及其抗扭作用，首次推導出了內襯三維波紋鋼板混凝土殼體的微分平衡方程，建立了有限元計算模型，並採用三角函數法，求解了三維波紋鋼板混凝土拱型復合結構在分佈荷載和集中荷載作用下的位移響應和應力響應，並與普通殼體進行了比較。

In this paper, ansys data model and corresponding physical model are built in simple concrete beam based on the theory and method of structure diagnosis and made a experiment, in order to examine the diagnosis ability of diagnosis theory, many kinds of diagnosis designs are put forward

本文建立了簡支鋼筋混凝土梁的ansys數值模型和相應的物理模型，並基於振動模態測試理論和方法，在試驗室進行了結構損傷試驗。為了檢驗各種診傷理論對結構損傷的位置、損傷程度的識別能力，設計了多組損傷模擬方案。

According to the shear - type floor model of frame structure, a basic control equation is constructed to analyze the nonlinear seismic responses of structure equipped with edd - bracing system. subsequently the dynamical finite element analysis are carried on to obtain the seismic response of a twelve - floor r. c frame with the three edd - bracing system under minute earthquake and disastrous earthquake, and the conclusions provide useful references for practical earthquake - resistant design

基於框架結構剪切型層模型，建立了耗能阻尼器對建築結構非線性地震反應的基本控制方程，由此進行了某十二層鋼筋混凝土框架結構設置三種耗能阻尼器在多遇和罕遇地震下的動力有限元分析，為進行實際結構設置耗能阻尼器的抗震設計提供了有益的參考。

Doctor candidate : yan qiwu supervisor : prof. slien pllsheng iii this thesis, a systematic theory on spatial elastic - plastic time - history analysis of reinforced concrete frame - tube structures tinder strong multiple earthquake excitations is established. covering problems about materal, rnember and structural system considering about the nonlinearity of material, geometry and boundary

木文考慮了材料、幾何、邊界非線性，建立了從材料、構件到結構的一個較為系統的鋼筋砼框筒結構在多維地震波作用下的空間彈塑性時程分析理論。

According to the load behavior and defection degrees of existed reinforced concrete bridge, the calculating modeles for normal section strength and bearing capacity for reinforced concrete bridge are established by the elasticity analysis and nonlinear analysis of grade stiffness degeneration

根據既有鋼筋混凝土橋梁的受力特點和損傷程度，採用兩種方法：即《規范》法分析理論和分級剛度退化非線性分析理論，分別建立了既有鋼筋混凝土橋梁正截面強度計算和承載能力評定的計算分析模型。

Present methods generally based on the statistics of earthquake damage, expert experiences, theory analysis and experimental researches have obvious advantages, disadvantages and certain scopes of application ; ( 2 ) different prediction methods should be adopted against different building conditions, sites, intensity and experiences etc to predict earthquake damage of buildings for prospective accuracy, dependability and availability ; ( 3 ) earthquake damage matrix, which is the foundation of earthquake damage prediction, of 7 kinds of building in the urban areas of zhangzhou city under intensity 6 to 9 has been set up. the damage conditions of different buildings under different intensity are as followings : all kinds of structures are basically intact under intensity 6 ; the reinforced concrete structures are basically intact under intensity 7, but other kinds of structures are destroyed slightly ; the reinforced concrete structures are still basically intact while other kinds of structures are destroyed intermediately under intensity 8 ; the reinforced concrete structures are destroyed slightly, single - story factories and open houses are destroyed intermediately and other kinds of structures are destroyed seriously under intensity 9 ; ( 4 ) the results of earthquake damage predicting of buildings embody the damage when earthquake happens in the future. thus, further identifications and reinforcements should be considered to buildings that will be destroyed intermediately or more under the earthquake with 10 % exceeding probability in future 50 years ; ( 5 ) the direct economic losses caused by damage of buildings resting with the area, structural type, intensity and damage of all kinds of buildings are the main part of the losses of the city in an earthquake ; ( 6 ) the direct economic losses increased progressively toward high intensity by 2 or 3 times

基於上述研究，得出的主要結論有：建築物震害預測是一個模糊的、系統的、復雜的問題，現有的方法很多一般都是以震害統計規律、專家經驗、理論分析和試驗研究為依據，有其自身的優缺點和一定的適用范圍；應針對不同的建築物條件、場地條件、地震強度和已有經驗等，採用不同的預測方法進行建築物震害預測，以使預測結果達到預期的精確性、可靠性和可操作性；建立了漳州市區7類建築物在6度9度地震作用下的震害矩陣，成為指導抗震防災的重要依據，各類結構的震害情況表現為： 6度地震作用下各類建築物基本完好； 7度地震作用下除鋼筋混凝土結構基本完好外其餘以建築輕微破壞為主； 8度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構仍以基本完好為主而其餘建築以中等破壞為主； 9度地震作用下鋼筋混凝土結構以輕微破壞為主，單層工業廠房和空曠房屋以中等破壞為主，其餘建築以嚴重破壞為主；建築物的震害預測結果體現了未來地震來臨時的震害程度，在編制漳州市區抗震防災規劃時，對于遭遇50年超越概率10的地震影響發生中等以上破壞的建築物應考慮進行抗震鑒定和加固；由建築物的破壞所造成的直接經濟損失是城市地震經濟損失的主要部分，重慶大學碩士學位論文中文摘要其主要與建築物總面積、結構類型、地震烈度和各類建築物的震害程度有關;不同烈度造成的直接經濟損失按2一3倍向高烈度方向遞增，漳州市區直接經濟損失由6度至9度的比例關系為1 : 2 . 8 : 8 . 6 : 22 . 8 ;遭遇基本地震設防烈度（ 7度）時，漳州市區直接經濟損失約4 . 5億元，無家可歸人員約40000人，且以磚木結構和多層磚混結構的震害損失最大;地震造成的人員傷亡主要與建築物倒塌及嚴重破壞的程度和總面積以及震時的建築物室內人數密切相關，地震時無家可歸人員主要與住宅倒塌、嚴重破壞及中等破壞的程度和總面積以及城市人均居住面積密切相關。

Stirrup joints ( congruence ) should be staggered in the last two of erect steel

箍筋的接頭（彎鉤疊合處）應交錯布置在兩根架立鋼筋上

In this paper, research on predicting service life of reinforced concrete component exposed to chloride environment was made : firstly, a finite difference model is developed for predicting the process of chloride penetrating into concrete

本文對氯離子侵蝕環境下鋼筋混凝土結構耐久壽命預測進行研究，完成以下一些工作：首先，綜合考慮多種因素影響，建立有限差分計算模型。

Finally, numerical examples illustrate the application of the proposed approach to the design of reinforced concrete deck - girder, and the results showed that the model and method are reasonable and practical

最後給出了運用該方法求解鋼筋混凝土板梁式公路橋梁最優設計的算例，結果表明本文所建立的最優設計模型及所使用的求解方法是合理的、實用的。

In view of the rapid development of electric undertaking and a sharp increase of steel products consumption, the state development planning commission, the former state water resources and hydropower ministry and state energy ministry have been urging that the building of steel towers should be strictly controlled in the construction of transformer substations ; and warning that the need of the present 500kv power transmission and transformer trusses can hardly be satisfied by ordinary steel and concrete electric poles or prestressed concrete poles, which have endangered the operation and longevity of the high voltage transmitting line due to the common problem of cracks by gravity

隨著電力工業建設的迅速發展，鋼材的用量急劇增長，為此，國家計委，原水電部和能源部一再強調在輸變電工程建設中，應從嚴掌握自立式鐵塔的建設。然而，一般的鋼筋混凝土電桿或與預應力混凝土電桿，較普遍地存在著縱向裂縫問題，嚴重影響了高壓輸電線路的安全運行及其使用壽命，已不能適應高壓輸電桿塔和變電構架的要求。

Lin, c. h., " rational for limits to reinforcement of tied concrete column, " ph. d. dissertation, department of civil engineering, university of texas, austin, texas ( 1984 )

陳永松，鋼筋混凝錨座鋼筋握裹滑?之預測，碩士論文，國立成功大學建築研究所，臺南（ 1982 ）

Lin. c. h. ( 1984 ) ： ” rational for limits to reinforcement of tied concrete column, ” phd. dissertation department of civil engineering, university of texas, austin, texas

陳永松（ 1982 ） ：鋼筋混凝錨座鋼筋握裹滑移之預測，碩士論文，國立成功大學建築研究所，臺南。

I. a mtil ( iaxial elastic - plastic hardening - sofling constitutive model of concrete is proposed iii order to offer a nonlinear material model of concrete for space restoring force analysis of reinforced concrete members taking into account the softening behavior of concrete. the concrete material model is incorporated the elastic - plastic hardening fracturing constitutive model of concrete with the plastic - fracturing theory of concrete, modified without defining two loading functiomis, and based on five parameter power function failure criterion proposed by guo zheng - hai etc from tsingliua ( jniversity, or three parameter unified strength theory proposed by yu mao - hong from x ian iiaotong university

1 、將砼彈塑性硬化斷裂本構模型與塑性斷裂理論結合起來，並加以改進，但無需定義兩個加載面，以清華大學過鎮海建議的五參數冪函數或以西安交通大學俞茂宏建議的，參數統一強度理論作為砼的強度破壞準則，建立了砼多軸彈塑性硬化松馳本構模型，能為鋼筋砼構件空間恢復力分析提供砼非線性材料模型，並能反映砼材料的軟化段。

Through the investigation research on practical damaged element, considering the effect of corrosion, high temperature, wet environment, damage ( crack ) on structural durability, bearing capacity. this paper established the reliability analysis method of large - scale industrial factory, and applied the fuzzy mathematics to establish the factor set and weight coefficient set on the basis of expert experience. an analyzed method for fuzzy evaluation of structural element and bent frame structure system reliability is put forward

通過對實際結構破損構件的調查，考慮腐蝕，高溫，環境潮濕，破損（裂縫）等因素對結構耐久性、承載力的影響，論文建立了大型工業廠房可靠度的計算方法，利用專家經驗和模糊數學方法建立了模糊評價的因素集和權重集，對鋼筋砼結構構件和廠房排架結構體系進行了模糊評價。

Specification for galvanized steel studs and channels for stud and sheet partitions and linings using screw fixed gypsum wallboards

採用螺釘固定石膏墻板的立筋隔段和隔板以及襯里用鍍鋅鋼螺柱和鋼槽規范