間接同源 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [jiānjiētóngyuán]
間接同源
英文
paralog-
The feathers attached to the arms and the tail evidently possess the structures of " modern feathers ", which consisting of the central shafts ( rachis ) and parallel barbs. dromaeosaurids are unusual group of maniraptoran theropods. they share many similar or the same features with archaeopteryx or other primitive birds, such as : u - shaped furcula, uncinate process, laterally facing glenoid of shoulder girdle, comparatively long forelimb, large semilunate carple, retroverted pubis, ascending process of astragalus, and " modern feathers " with rachis and barbs etc. these facts indicate not only that dromaeosaurids had developed many bird - like characters in course of the advanced maniraptorans toward birds, but also that there seemed to be the co - evolutionary trend between the feathers and the skeletal bones
奔龍類是一類較為特殊的手盜龍類（ maniraptora ） ，它具有許多與始祖鳥archaeopteryx甚至其它早期鳥類相似或接近的特徵，主要表現在：叉骨u形與始祖鳥和孔子鳥類的相同，背肋鉤狀突在孔子鳥類和個別反鳥類中也存在，肩臼窩絕大部分指向側方類似於始祖鳥，肩胛骨與烏喙骨間的夾角非常接近90也和始祖鳥的相似，前肢從比例上講顯得較長，大的半月形腕骨使肘部能向側方折過來，恥骨伸向後下方，距骨上升突與原始鳥類中的為同源結構，羽毛已有顯著的分化且具備了現代羽毛的基本結構等等。On 4 february 1975, the commune or brigade leading cadres would have obtained information directly or indirectly from six different sources : ( 1 ) the general provincial warning relayed to them through city and county committees, ( 2 ) in the case of yingkou county, an evacuation order from the county committee, ( 3 ) nearby earthquake observatories, particularly the shipengyu observatory, ( 4 ) local amateur precursory monitoring groups such as the team of the haicheng observatory, ( 5 ) neighboring villages and industrial units, and ( 6 ) the foreshocks and the damage they were already causing
1975年2月4日，公社或大隊領導幹部直接或間接從六個不同的來源獲得信息： （ 1 ）通過市級與縣級革委會傳達給他們的總的省一級的警告； （ 2 ）在營口的例子中，撤離的命令由縣革委會下達； （ 3 ）附近的地震觀測站，特別如石硼峪地震觀測站的情況； （ 4 ）地方的業余前兆檢測工作組，如海城地震觀測站（ 「群測點」 ） ； （ 5 ）附近的村莊與企業，與（ 6 ）前震以及已經造成的損失。Venture capital is a new way of investment and finance, whose development and maturity can not lack the support of capital market. the capital market in china plays a critical role in the start of domestic venture capital. different from nasdaq in usa, the capital market in china will assume the dual mission as the source and exit of venture capital at the same time. public company in the key board market can apply stock capital to venture capital by director or indirect means ; the second board market in construction will invest flow capital and lower the admission threshold of high - tech enterprise, thus supporting the development of venture capital
風險投資是一種新的投融資方式，它的發展與成熟離不開資本市場的支撐中國的資本市場在啟動國內風險業中發揮著先導作用，與美國的nasdaq市場不同，中國的資本市場將同時承擔起充分風險投資源頭和出口的雙重使命：主板市場中的上市公司可以通過直接或間接的方式將存量資本運用於風險投資，二板市場正在抓緊制訂之中，將通過投入增量資本，降低高科技企業的上市門檻支持風險投資的發展。The sucking mouse brain were inoculated with mdj - 01 strain to make electron microscopic examination, results showed that the virus was a spheral particle with membran which had a diameter of about 40 nm. by indirect fluorescent antibody test mdj - 01 strain was identified with tbev. a part of region encoding e protein was expanded by rt - pcr and sequenced. the nucleotide sequences of two strain viruses were compared with sequences in genbankjsequence homology analyses revealed mdj - 01 strain and senzhang strain had the highest homology with tbev oshima5 - 10, respectively, which were 95 %, 94 %. mdj - 01 strain was identified with tbev again
應用間接免疫熒光試驗進行血清學鑒定，結果表明mdj - 01株為tbev 。通過rt - pcr技術擴增部分e蛋白序列並測序，在genbank上進行同源性比較，發現mdj - 01株和森張株與tbevoshima5 - 10株的同源性最高，分別為94 、 95 ，從分子生物學水平上進一步證明mdj - 01株病毒為tbev 。在鑒定的基礎上，本實驗對兩株病毒進行了核苷酸全序列測定。In abc, the " black box " of amortizing of traditional costing - the box of activity is open. there are two steps in costing. first, identify activity, main activity and activity set up activity - based cost pool according to the same characteristical activity, and distribute indirect cost to activity - based cost pool on the basis of resource driver ; second, distribute the cost in activity - based cost pool to final product on the basis of activity driver
在作業成本法下，傳統成本分攤方法的「黑箱」 ? ?作業箱被打開了，由此成本計算分兩步驟進行：第一步，確認作業、主要作業、作業中心，按同質作業設置作業成本庫，並以資源動因為基礎將間接費用分配到作業成本庫；第二步，以作業動因為基礎將作業成本庫的成本分配到最終產品。In design flow modeling, a new design flow model definition method based on object oriented colorful petri net is put forward. in sub _ task dispatching, the task database, the task dispatch algorithm, the task dispatching time and its amending algorithm, the task dispatching execution plan etc. are designed. in version management, the version model of design object is built and the relationship between the linkers in dfms model and the version model about design objects is studied
在相關的關鍵技術研究中，提出了一套包括通信模型的建立、通信原語的設計、通信服務器的設計等內容在內的被動式協同設計通信方案；設計了一種基於面向對象有色petri網技術的設計流程模型定義方法；提出了一種基於調度時間和資源狀況的子任務調度方案，並完成了任務數據庫的設計、子任務調度演算法的設計、子任務調度時間及其修正演算法的設計和子任務調度實施方案的設計等工作；建立了設計對象的版本模型，研究了設計流程模型的各種連接器與設計對象各種版本間的對應關系。At first, 1. 67 u g per well mcab all was coated on three wells of a plate, and then 1. 5 x 1011 phage virion was diluted and added, after incubating with the target, wash away unbound phage by tbst ( 0. 1 % tween - 20 ), the bound phage was eluted with ph 2. 2 tris - gly buffer and amplified, the specially bound phage was enriched by taking through addition binding / amplification cycles. ln the following cycles, the stringency of panning can be increased by raising the concentration of tbst or decreasing that of mcab all, collecting and titering the washing phage of last time and output phage in each round, the selective ratio and the false positive rate of each round were worked out, the gradually increasing of selective ratio and decreasing of positive rate shows that the panning was effective. after 4 rounds of panning, 11 phage clones were selected after competitive - ellsa, the dna samples of 8 positive clones and 1 negative clone were sequenced and all the foreign peptides inserted was also deduced, a clear consensus binding sequence emerged
在本實驗中，利用隨機12肽庫對抗豬瘟病毒（ classicalswinefeverviruscsfv ）糖蛋白me2的單抗a11進行表位篩選，經過四輪篩選以後，隨機挑取11個克隆作競爭- elisa檢測，結果表明，所挑11個克隆中，有9個克隆能對me2蛋白和a11反應產生抑制作用，抑制率最高可達64 ； dna測序以後經過dnastar軟體分析，發現它們的核心序列為anwralsl ，該核心序列與豬瘟病毒e2蛋白的28 - 35位氨基酸ttwkeysh具有同源性；夾心- elisa檢測和western - blotting試驗均證明所挑陽性克隆能被a11所識別；人工合成含核心序列的多肽經間接elisa試驗證實，也能被a11識別。River system is an open system integrating various elements such as economy, society and entironment, in which substance and energy have direct or indirect exchanges through the activities concerned with water and thus there is evolution in different ways
摘要河流系統是一個經濟社會、自然資源、生態環境相互耦合的開放系統，它通過水事活動直接或間接地與外界進行物質與能量交換，促使系統形成不同時空演化格局。The discuss starts from the " positive externalities " of tech - research and development, pointing out that the products of tech - research and development somewhat has the property of " public good ". without < wp = 8 > government ' s interfere, the intensity of tech - research and development by private section ca n ' t meet the need of " pareto optism " because of the " positive externalities ", as a result, the items of venture capital are insufficient and the development of venture captal will be pull back. rational policies of government expediture can internalize the " positive externalities " - transforming them to more revenue or less cost of the tech - research and development private suppliers. be feared of the high risk at the beginning of venture capital, the private section ca n ' t provide enough capital, the " capital gap " should be fetched up by government with equity capital, creditor ' s right capital, subcidy, at the same time, some other means, such as government purchase, credit guarantee, capital insurance, tax expenditure can promte private capital, is also important. in this part, the function of the above means, the establishment and enforcment of them are breafly discussed. because tax policies play a critical role in fiscal policy, r - y chart is used to analyse the relation between tax and venture capital, at last, a conclution is drawn : tax expenditure can promote venture capital
這部分論述從科技研發成果的「外溢性」入手，指出科技研發成果在不同程度上具有「公共品」性質，這種外溢性使得在純市場條件下，私人部門研發活動強度達不到社會資源配置最優的要求，也使風險投資項目來源不足， < wp = 6 >阻礙風險投資的發展。合理的政府財政支出政策可以使「外溢性」內部化。之後，論述了風險投資資本來源與政府財政支出政策的關系，由於風險投資尤其是其初期的高風險性，民間風險資本不足，應由政府以股權及債權投資、補助等財政直接支出方式彌補資本缺口，運用政府采購、財政擔保、保險、貼息、稅收優惠等間接支出方式，鼓勵民間資本進入風險投資領域也同樣重要。The paper establishes mathematics model of electromagnetic heating system of eddy current field and temperature field, and gives corresponding discrete format with elements as eight nodes, hexahedron equal cell, through calculating eddy - current field to gain the internal heat source that the temperature field needed, to use discrete method to solve the problem of induction - heating part ' s temperature field by axial symmetrical electromagnetic, and then to analyze the characteristic of instantaneous temperature field
本文建立了電磁加熱系統的渦流場和溫度場間接耦合的數學模型，分析了不同頻率下渦流和溫度的分佈情況，並以八節點六面體等參元為例給出了渦流場對應的離散格式，通過計算渦流場獲得溫度場所需要的內熱源強度，加熱部件的溫度場以軸對稱格式進行離散求解，並對瞬態溫度場有限單元法的求解特點進行了分析。But currently our country " s financing system is entangled with the following problems : 1 ) the resources of fund supply are monopolized by the bank loans ; 2 ) the big four state - owned banks provide too few loans to msfs ; 3 ) the allotment of loans between different msfs is unbalanced mostly at state - owned msfs advantage ; 4 ) the financing funds from the internal and external firms are disproportioned and the ratio of debt to asset is too high ; 5 ) the capital market is almost closed to msfs and they have no qualification of bond issuance
而在我國目前的融資體制下，特許加盟企業存在著如下融資問題:資金供給渠道單一，主要是銀行貸款為主的間接融資:大型商業銀行對中小企業貸款份額較小:信貸融資在不同所有制中小企業之間的配置不均衡，銀行貸款偏重於國有和集體企業;企業內源融資渠道不暢，來自企業留存利潤部分的融資比例不高;直接來源的有效資金供給不足，尚沒有為中小企業服務的正規資本市場，中小企業發行債券受到限制。As a temporary method of government - sponsored academic contract originated from the world war, indirect cost policy has been formally institutionalised since 1950s, and gradually developed into a suitable cost - based reimbursement system through which the federal government strongly supports the university - based science and technology infrastructure
起源於二戰時期政府資助大學的科研合同，間接成本制度自20世紀50年代以來逐漸發展完善，成為美國聯邦政府資助大學科研活動的政策工具。The study paid attention to the change of teacher ' s sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress under such realistic background. by analysis and explanation of investigation data, the study concludes the results as follows : 1 after implement of curricular reform, general teaching efficacy of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past or to of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform goes up significantly, while personal teaching efficacy ( significantly ) declines ; 2 after implement of curricular reform, intrinsic motivation of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past ( significantly ) presents descending trend, while their outer motivation ( significantly ) rises apparently. so that their intrinsic motivation and outer motivation are significantly much higher than of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform ; 3 after implement of curricular reform, occupational role and personal stress of teachers who have joined curricular reform compared to their past or to of what teachers who have n ' t joined curricular reform goes up significantly, while their relaxation of personal resource significantly declines, but have no remarkable difference at other aspects ; 4 the sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress of teachers which belong to different characteristic and category exists remarkable difference before and after new curricular reform ; 5 teachers " sense of teaching efficacy teaching motivation and occupational stress tie together tightly, while the interaction of teaching motivation and occupational stress is prominence, occupational stress directly influences teaching motivation, and indirectly influences the sense of teaching efficacy
通過對調查數據予以分析和說明，本研究得到如下結論： （ 1 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師無論與自身縱向相比，還是與未參加課改的教師橫向相比，其一般教育效能感顯著上升，而教師的個人教學效能感則（顯著）下降； （ 2 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師與自身縱向相比其內部動機有較為顯著的下降趨勢，外部動機則有顯著地上升趨勢；其內部動機和外部動機都（顯著）高於未參加課改的教師； （ 3 ）課程改革以後，參與課改的教師無論是與自身縱向相比，還是與未參與課改的教師橫向相比，其「職業任務」和「個體緊張反應」方面均呈現（非常）顯著地上升趨勢，而在「個體應對資源」方面除休閑是顯著降低外，其餘無顯著的差異； （ 4 ）不同特徵和類別教師的「教學效能感」 、 「教學動機」和「職業緊張應對」在課改前後的變化狀況上存在（顯著）差異； （ 5 ）教師教學效能感、教學動機和職業緊張應對密切聯系，教學動機與教學效能感相互作用顯著；而職業緊張應對直接顯著影響教學動機，間接影響教學效能感。Another problem comes, that is the infrastructure of the whole criminal related disciplines. in the third part, the author used more than half amount of the paper to practice the methodology of trinity structure among the spheres of the disciplines on criminal facts, as well as the disciplines on criminal counter - measures, so as to show and prove the value of the theory. in the course, some new view - points or explanations about the related theories are involved, such as the criminal field theory, the two - stage criminal origin theory, the bilateral view of the victim ’ s consent, the victim ’ s fault theory, the social indirect harm responsibility as the theoretical foundation of national victim compensation, the criminal environment ’ s responsibility theory, and so on
在下篇中，筆者用了全文一半左右的篇幅對刑事三元結構進行了部分的展開，即運用刑事三元結構的理念對刑事事實學和刑事對策學中的諸多基本問題作了一番系統的梳理，提出了一些新觀點或新解說，如刑事場論、刑事根源層次論、被害者同意問題的雙向視角、被害者過錯論、刑事被害補償根據之社會間接危害責任說、刑事環境責任論、刑事對策三元論、刑事對策三層次論等，從而對刑事三元結構的理論價值作了一定程度的展示和映證。Secondly, the author gives the range of enterprise capability, analyses the attraction of enterprise capability to different objects indirectly, analyses the character of core competence, puts forward identifying the core competence from the industry structure. then, the author compares the resource theory and capability theory, analyses the promotion of enterprise resources on capabilities. at last, the author analyses the collectively impact of resources and capabilities on competitive advantage, and the interpretative structural modeling is given
按照資源重要性的不同，提出了戰略資源的概念，參考相關資料列舉了戰略資源的評價標準；對企業能力的范圍進行了界定，將企業能力按照職能活動進行了詳細分解，採用間接分析法分析了企業能力對不同客體的吸引，類比戰略資源對核心能力的特點進行了歸納，提出了從產業結構特徵入手的核心能力識別方法；比較分析了企業資源理論與能力理論的關系，詳細分析了企業資源對能力的促進作用；最後，分析了企業資源與能力對企業競爭優勢的綜合影響，並建立了解釋結構模型。Firstly, the governments should change their functions, and realize the indirect management through perfecting the legislation and enforcing the law strictly. secondly, the councils should play the important role of an administrator and server for all the members. thirdly, the enterprises, whose object is to meet the need of clients, should draw up and implement the effective development strategies which are divided into three parts in the paper : product - market selection, diversity, and human resource
然後論文提出可以通過政府、行業協會和所有工程咨詢企業的共同努力來解決這一難題：政府要積極轉變職能，通過完善立法和嚴格執法來實現對行業的間接管理；行業協會要肩負起有關行業自律和自我服務的重任，加強對成員企業的管理與服務；企業作為市場的真正主體，需要制定和實施有效的發展戰略，對此論文中按業務選擇、差異化和人力資源三層進行研究。To address the regional air pollution problem, the environmental protection department ( epd ) of hong kong and the environmental protection bureau of guangdong province conducted a joint study on regional air quality during 1999 - 2002. the aim of the study is to analyse the relative significance of different industrial and commercial sources of pollution and their direct and indirect impacts on regional air quality so that air pollution control measures can be prioritised accordingly
為解決區域性的空氣污染問題，在一九九九年至二二年間，香港環保署聯同廣東省環保局進行了一項區域空氣質素研究，分析各工商業污染源頭的比重以及對區域空氣污染的直接和間接影響，以助訂立污染管制措施的優先次序。Industrial civilization has created large amount of material wealth, but also brought a lot of disasters to mankind at the same time, such as pollution, ecological unbalance, scarcity of resources, malignant disease overflowing. all of those make people injured physically and mentally. at the same time, there can be also direct or indirect loss in economy
工業文明創造了物質財富，同時也給人類帶來了許多的災難，如環境污染、生態失衡、資源日益稀缺、惡性疾病泛濫，這一切，使得人們身心受到傷害的同時，也會直接或間接地造成巨大的經濟。We ve upgraded the rooms and resources workflow to eliminate double bookings - rooms or resources booked directly through the rooms and resources database are now processed the same way as those booked through calendar and scheduling
我們已經更新了空間和資源工作流，以消除雙重預訂，現在，處理直接透過rooms and resources資料庫預訂的空間或資源的方式與處理透過calendar and scheduling預訂的空間或資源的方式相同。Under no circumstances shall at - link trade web site be held liable for an delay or failure or disruption of the content or services delivered through the site resulting directly or indirectly from acts of nature, forces or causes beyond its reasonable control, including without limitation, internet failures, computer, telecommunications or any other equipment failures, electrical power failures, strikes, labor disputes, riots, insurrections, civil disturbances, shortages of labor or materials, fires, flood, storms, explosions, acts of god, war, governmental actions, orders of domestic or foreign courts or tribunals or non - performance of third parties
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