離解擴散 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [líjiěkuòsǎn]
離解擴散
英文
dissociative diffusion-
Cryptic species have been found in a wide range of marine organisms ; with majority of them are benthic invertebrates. in contrast, marine holoplanktons are thought to have lower diversity and slow speciation due to their strong dispersal potential. this paper reviewed studies on cryptic species and speciation in marine holoplankton. based on findings in 38 studied taxa, it was concluded that : 1 ) cryptic species are pervasive in marine holoplankton, suggesting holoplankton speciation was more active than previously thought ; 2 ) current morphospecies diversity is untenable to reflect true species diversity in marine holoplankton ; 3 ) geographic isolation may facilitate cryptic speciation of marine holoplankton. however, contribution of allopatric speciation is still questionable ; 4 ) ecological speciation may be the prevailing speciation mode in marine holoplankton. cryptic speciation in marine holoplankton is paradoxical, because rapid speciation under strong gene flow is countertuitive. solution of this paradox will help us gain deep insights of marine speciation and biodivesity
隱種廣泛存在於各類海洋生物中，尤其是底棲無脊椎動物.然而，海洋終生浮游生物由於具有較強的擴散能力，往往被視為生物多樣性低、物種形成慢.本文就海洋終生浮游生物隱種與物種形成的研究作一綜述.基於研究的38個種類，結果表明: 1 ）海洋終生浮游生物普遍存在隱種，其物種形成要比想象得快; 2 ）由於引種的廣泛存在，形態種生物多樣性無法反映海洋終生浮游生物真正的物種多樣性; 3 ）地理隔離有助於海洋終生浮游生物隱種的形成，但異域物種形成的作用仍值得商榷; 4 ）生態物種形成很可能是海洋終生浮游生物物種形成的主流模式.海洋終生浮游生物強基因流下快速的物種形成有悖于生物進化常理，解決該悖論將有助於我們對海洋物種形成和生物多樣性的理解2. a frequency extrapolation scheme is developed to effectively predict radar cross section using floating genetic algorithm based on the geometrical theory of diffraction ( gtd ) model. the threshold discrete fourier transform ( tdft ) is introduced for the data compression in angle domain
在目標散射中心建模方面，我們將浮點型遺傳演算法（ fga ）應用於實際人工目標的gtd模型參數的抽取，利用所抽取的模型參數完成了雷達散射截面rcs的頻率擴展以及數據壓縮，並利用擴展的數據提高了距離解析度。According to the computation process of the fem and assumption, associating of the fem mesh that have separated and the grouting stress diffusion equation, the integral stiffness matrix and the load matrix can be formatted, then the displacement of the nodal point can be got after solving the simultaneous linear equations. and then the grouting parameter can be computed and analyzed
然後，依據有限元法的計算步驟和所作的假設，結合已經離散化了的網格、灌漿壓力擴散衰減公式，形成整體剛度矩陣、荷載矩陣，經求解后得到結點的位移，並依此計算分析灌漿參數。Sige simox : oxygen ions with high dose were implanted into sige grown directly on silicon substrate for the first time, and sige - oi novel structure was formed successfully with additional high temperature annealing ; it has been confirmed that oxygen implantation with 45kev, 3 1017cm - 2 and annealing at 12500c in ar + 5 % o2 for 5 hours, are fit for the formation of sige - oi structure ; ge loss during the high temperature annealing has been observed, which is originated from ge volatility and ge diffusion ; it has been proposed to use nanoporous layer induced by h + / he + implantation to surppress ge diffusion and to use surface oxidation to overcome the upper limit of sige simox. sige smart - cut : hydrogen ions were implanted into sige material and followed by high temperature process ( 4000c to 7000c ) ; blistering study was done and suggested the possibility of sige layer transfer by smart - cut technology ; it is concluded that the bubble formation is easier in sige than in si, and the strain in sige / si and the difference of binding energy in sige and in si could possibly contribute to this effect. behavior of sige / si implanted with hydrogen : gave a detailed study on sige implanted by beamline or phi hydrogen implantation ; it has been found that great strain is introduced into sige by hydrogen implantation and this strain could be alleviated by high temperature annealing ; both for conditional beamline implantation and piii hydrogen implantation, 600 is appropriate for the post - implantation treatment
Sige - simox工藝方面：首次採用硅（ 100 ）襯底上直接外延的100nm厚sige的樣品中注入高劑量的o離子，通過退火處理成功制備了sige - oi新結構，即sige - simox工藝，證實了以45kev注入3 10 ~ （ 17 ） 7cm ~ （ - 2 ）劑量的氧離子，隨后在氧化層的保護下經1250 ， ar + 5 o _ 2氣氛的高溫退火（ 5小時）過程，可以制備出sige - oi新型材料；實驗中觀察到退火過程中的ge損失現象，分析了其原因是ge揮發（ ge通過表面氧化層以geo揮發性物質的形式進入退火氣氛）和ge擴散（ ge穿過離子注入形成的氧化埋層而進入si襯底中） ，其中ge擴散是主要原因；根據實驗結果及實驗中出現的問題，對下一步工作提出兩個改進的方案：一是通過在si襯底中注入適量h ~ + / he ~ +形成納米孔層來阻斷ge擴散通路，二是可以通過控製表面氧化來調節安止額士淤丈撈要表面sige層中的ge組分，從而部分解決sigeOxygen diffusion transport and electrochemical reaction in the oxygen cathode of alkaline fuel cell ( afc ) and pemfc have been expressed with the tffa model, including oxygen transferring in gas channel of gas diffusion layer and reaction layer, oxygen dissolution and diffusion in thin - film of reaction layer, oxygen reaction and diffusion in flooded - agglomerate of reaction layer and the conduction of electron and ion. numeric algorithm of the model equations is also obtained
本文將tffa模型應用於堿性燃料電池（ afc ）和質子交換膜燃料電池（ pemfc ）陰極，推導出陰極各種傳遞和反應過程的描述方程，包括氧氣在氣體擴散層和反應層氣體通道中的擴散，氧氣在反應層薄膜中的溶解和擴散，氧在反應層浸漬聚集體中的反應和擴散以及電子和離子的傳導，並給出方程的數值解法。There are distinct changes about shifts or intensity in bulk plasmon, surface plasmon, and interband electron transitions losses as a result of oxidation of specimens, and adsorption and oxidation processes can be studied through these changes. at room temperature, the formation of oxide layers on uranium and uranium - niobium alloys were found to occur rapidly upon exposure to oxygen, and the resultant oxide in each case was near - stoichiometric uo2. due to formation of niobium oxide in uranium - niobium alloys, the diffusion of o ~ ( - ) ( o ~ ( 2 - ) ) and u ~ ( 4 + ) in the interface region was prevented, and the corrosion resistance of uranium - niobium alloys to oxygen is greatly enhanced by alloying with niobium
研究結果表明：清潔表面鈮和鈾的體等離子體振蕩所造成的電子能量損失的實驗值與理論計算值較為符合；隨著氧化程度的加劇，表面等離子體（ sp ） 、體等離子體（ bp ）以及價帶電子躍遷所造成電子能量損失的譜峰發生了明顯的連續偏移或強度的變化，這些變化可以用來分析鈾及鈾鈮合金的初始氧化過程；室溫下，鈾及鈾鈮合金很容易與氧作用，最終結果，鈾僅氧化為二氧化鈾，另外，在鈾鈮合金氧化過程中，因為有鈮的氧化物存在，不利於氧和鈾在界面擴散，增強了鈾鈮合金抗氧化性能； eels能獲得樣品表面的信息比aes更為表面，更為靈敏，但由於eels的譜線過于集中，主要在幾十ev以內，也有不容易區別和解譜的不足。Influences of ph values, ferrous minerals ( reduced iron powder or magnetite ), bentonite, concentration of cations and anion ( fe3 +, fe2 + and co32 - ) on the distribution coefficient, kd, were studied. the sorption mechanism of 99tc on granite was discussed by the desorption method of adding h2o2 into desorption solvent. based on the diffusion coefficient measured and the solution of the diffusion equation, the distance of tc diffusion after ten thousand years was predicted
本文分別在大氣和低氧條件下，研究了tc在花崗巖上的吸附和擴散，包括溶液的ph 、含鐵礦物（還原鐵粉、 fe3o4 ） 、膨潤土、陰陽離子的濃度（ co32 - 、 fe3 + 、 fe2 + ）對tc在花崗巖（石英、黑雲母）上吸附kd值的影響；在解吸劑中加入h2o2 ，對tc進行解吸，探討了其吸附的機理；將擴散系數代入擴散方程的解析解，預測了10000年後， tc擴散的距離。In this paper, we mainly study the global boundedness and infinity blow - up of solutions for a separate variable weakly coupled class of nonlinear reaction - diffusion system. the condition of global existence and infinity blow - up and blow - up rate are gained. in the introduction, we give a discussion about the background and general situation to the reaction - diffusion system
本篇文章主要討論了一類反應項具有分離變量形式的弱耦合非線性擴散方程組解的整體有界和有限爆破性質，給出了整體存在和有限爆破條件並得到了有限爆破速率估計。Since the generated gas from gas source rocks is expelled in the form of separate phase, can it be useful for the form of pool. so, the expelling gas value of carbonate gas source rocks is more important, this paper, based on the principle of material balance, divide the tough problem of expelling hydrocarbon into relatively and easily investigated problems of gas hydrocarbon generation, residual and diffusion gas hydrocarbon and evaluate gas source rocks in temis of the magnitude of expelling gas ; hydrocarbon ( quantity of expelling gas = gas quantity of generation - adsorption - dissolving in oil - dissolving in water - diffusion )
由於所生成的氣態烴只有從源巖中以游離相運移出來之後才能對氣藏的形成做出貢獻，因此對氣源巖的排氣能力的評價顯得猶為關鍵。本文根據物質平衡法原理將比較棘手的排氣態烴問題，分解成相對較易考察的生氣態烴問題和殘留、耗散氣態烴的問題，以排氣量大小（排氣量=生氣量?吸附氣量?油溶氣量?水溶氣量?擴散氣量）為評價碳酸鹽巖氣源巖標準。After finished the cyclic voltammetry experiments, the results showed that iron steel grid can act as good current collector in the aqueous electrolyte. while the scan rate was fall in the range of 0. 5 - 4. 0mv / s, electrochemical reaction of the lithium insertion / extraction in the solid phase was kinetically limited by the diffusion of lithium ions. after 40 cycles in aqueous electrolyte the discharge capacities of sample of s13 reached 77mah / g, and showed good cycle performance
在水溶液中不銹鋼網可以作為電極的集流體，在0 . 5 - 4 . 0mv / s的掃描速度范圍內，鋰離子在尖晶石鋰錳氧化物的嵌入和脫嵌的電化學反應在動力學上是受鋰離子在固相中的擴散所控制，充放電實驗顯示樣品s13在水電解液中經過40個循環后達到77mah / g的放電容量，具有很好的循環穩定性。The main studies of this thesis have been focused on the mass transport phenomenon in the hollow fiber membrane contactor, including the development of the model of the gas diffusion through the microporous membrane, the analytical solution of the shell side mass transfer differential equation in an orderly packed parallel flow module, the calculation of the shell side flow distribution in a randomly packed module, the estimation of the influence of the random arrangement of the fibers on the shell side mass transfer, and the experiments of the absorption of co2 into water
膜接觸器是一種通過膜作為兩相之間的分離界面而實現相間傳質的雜化膜過程。本論文主要研究中空纖維膜接觸器的傳質行為，研究內容包括氣體通過微孔膜擴散模型的建立、中空纖維膜均勻分佈的平行流組件殼程傳質微分方程的解析求解、中空纖維膜不均勻分佈組件中流體分佈的數學計算、中空纖維膜不均勻分佈對殼程傳質影響的估算以及co _ 2氣體吸收實驗。Differential arithmetic is utilized to set up the numerical value arithmetic of the diffusion model of circular and rectangular section ; at the same time, the stability of the numerical value arithmetic is analyzed ; 4
利用差分演算法，建立了圓形截面以及矩形截面氯離子擴散模型的數值解法，並對數值演算法的穩定性進行了分析； 4A solid - state shear compounding technology based on pan - milling ( s3c ) has established, by which the graphite with weakly combined structure are exfoliated and then compounded with pp at nanoscale. the obtained pp / graphite nanocomposites have greatly enhanced electrical and thermal conductivity. their structures and properties were characterized by analysis of particle size and distribution, sem, tem, xrd, the electrical conductivity, the thermal conductivity and heat - decomposition temperature etc. by taking advantages of the layered inorganic fillers with a weak interaction between layers ( e. g
磨盤碾磨剪切力場使pp分子鏈斷裂，相對分子質量減小，石墨的導熱和潤滑性能抑制pp的降解和粉碎，使pp / yep250 （膨脹石墨250倍）復合粉磨盤碾磨固相剪切復合技術及導電導熱pp /石墨納米復合材料的制備與性能體中， pp分子運動活性提高，結晶能力增強，為pp在熔融加工中進一步向己剝離的石墨片層間擴散，形成納米復合結構創造了條件。The mechanism of hydrothermal process has also been studied. under the hydrothermal conditions, a small quantity of cu2 + in solutions were carried to the copper lattice due to the diffusion and convection, then the cu2 + move to the positions of lattice defect. the crystallization reaction happened and copper powders got a good crystallinity and an excellent antioxidation
在穩定的水熱條件下，由於擴散、對流或強迫流動引起少部分溶解在溶液中的銅離子向銅晶體表面附近的區域輸運，在晶面某一位置上被吸附，並通過表面擴散，順著臺階運動到扭折位置，發生結晶反應。The un - ionized form is usually lipid soluble and diffuses readily across cell membranes
非解離型部分通常為脂溶性，很容易透過細胞膜擴散。When the weak acid is given orally, the concentration gradient for un - ionized drug between stomach and plasma tends to be large, favoring diffusion through the gastric mucosa
當這種弱酸性藥物經口服給藥時，胃與血漿之間的非解離型藥物濃度梯度很大，從而有利於透過胃粘膜擴散。This feature reflects the physical phenomenon of breaking of waves and development of shock waves. in the fields of fulid dynamics, ( 0. 2. 1 ) is an approximation of small visvosity phenomenon. if viscosity ( or the diffusion term, two derivatives ) are added to ( 0. 2. 1 ), it can be researched in the classical way which say that the solutions become very smooth immediately even for coarse inital data because of the diffusion of viscosity. a natural idea ( method of regularity ) is obtained as follows : solutions of the viscous convection - diffusion pr oblem approachs to the solutions of ( 0. 2. 1 ) when the viscosity goes to zeros. another method is numerical method such as difference methods, finite element method, spectrum method or finite volume method etc. numerical solutions which is constructed from the numerical scheme approximate to the solutions of the hyperbolic con - ervation laws ( 0. 2. 1 ) as the discretation parameter goes to zero. the aim of these two methods is to construct approximate solutions and then to conside the stability of approximate so - lutions ( i, e. the upper bound of approximate solutions in the suitable norms, especally for that independent of the approximate parameters ). using the compactness framework ( such as bv compactness, l1 compactness and compensated compactness etc ) and the fact that the truncation is small, the approximate function consquence approch to a function which is exactly the solutions of ( 0. 2. 1 ) in some sense of definiton
當考慮粘性后，即在數學上反映為（ 0 . 1 . 1 ）中多了擴散項（二階導數項） ，即使很粗糙的初始數據，解在瞬間內變的很光滑，這由於流體的粘性擴散引起，這種對流-擴散問題可用古典的微分方程來研究。自然的想法就是當粘性趨于零時，帶粘性的對流-擴散問題的解在某意義下趨于無粘性問題（ 0 . 1 . 1 ）的解，這就是正則化方法。另一辦法從離散（數值）角度上研究僅有對流項的守恆律（ 0 . 1 . 1 ） ，如構造它的差分格式，甚至更一般的有限體積格式，有限元及譜方法等，從這些格式構造近似解（常表現為分片多項式）來逼近原守恆律的解。Ca2 + ions from the reactants attended to be absorbed in the diffusion dilayer by the so3 - anion. calcium ions could compress the diffusion dilayer and reduce the aggregation number of aot molecular because of the higher charge density. the absorbance of ca2 + ions change of phase diagram of system and water core diameter
反應試劑溶液中的ca ~ （ 2 + ）離子傾向于被吸附在aot極性頭基的- so _ 3 ~ -陰離子附近，壓縮了極性頭基水解產生的擴散雙電層，使得aot分子的聚集體變小，也使得處于束縛狀態的水分子數量減少。Especially in recent score years, in autonomous and nonautonomous systems, the neutral, finite - delay, infinite - delay, diffusive, discrete, discrete - delay, generalized, difference and other style models were discussed on optimal harvesting, osillation, stability, global stability, and other asmptotic behaviors of logistic equation. reference were searched in [ l - 6 ], [ 10 - 18 ], [ 20 - 31 ], [ 34 ]. the periodic and almost periodic function logistic equation, which are widely studied recently, the results about the above are found on many kinds of magazines
尤其是近二十多年來，在自治系統與非自治系統中有關有限時滯型，無限時滯型，中立型，離散型，擴散型，離散時滯型，廣義型，差分型logistic方程的最優捕獲策略，振動性，周期解，概周期解，漸近性態，全局性態等方向進行了各方面的研究，可參見文獻[ 1 - 6 ] ， [ 10 - 18 ] ， [ 20 - 31 ] ， [ 34 ]The analytic results of the effects on the micromorphological structure of the film by the electrochemical condition ' s showed that the carbon is apt to improve the boundary combination between the scfs and the surface of the cathode and the seperation of the films, and that the micromorphological structure of the mpgcfs is greatly affected by the dring and the power voltage, which remarkably affluence ion move in swelling cathode film, and that higher temperature and concentration of cu2 + in the medium solution are also advanagable to the deposition of cu in scfs. the plot of deformation behavior of mpgcfs showed that the maximum strench ratio decreases and the brittleness increases due to the existence of the metal phase, and that the strengh trend of the composite films is fistly up and down followed with the content of metal phase because of the change of the role of the metal phase from acting as the physical cross - linking to weakening the films due to destroying the whole structure of the polymer
另外它作為基體的另一個突出的優點是制備的溶脹復合膜（ scf ）中的溶劑與電解液中的溶劑相同都是水，克服了以前膜內外不同溶劑之間擴散的問題，結果使得電流最終趨於一種穩態，因此可以更好實現用電化學條件來控制mpgcf的形態結構；硬質石墨材料的多孔的結構和石墨本身的結構性能特點使得碳作為陰極材料時有利於溶漲復合膜（ scf ）與電極表面的結合以及膜的剝離，因此是作為陰極的理想材料；電化學條件中的乾燥程度和電壓能夠明顯的影響離子在膜內的遷移，從而對mpgcf的形態結構造成較大的影響；而提高反應溫度和增大電解液中銅離子的濃度也有利於銅在膜中的沉積生長。分享友人