離體激波 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [lítǐjībō]
離體激波
英文
detached shock wave-
With account for the effect of temperature and shock - boundary layer interaction, the forebody / inlet with plane lip and wedge lip are designed by using the design methods of constant shock wave intensity and constant shock wave angle. in the design, the incidence angle of the first ramp, height of isolator, length of forebody and total turning angle of the designed forebody / inlet models are given
另外，根據優選結果，給定前體長度、前體預壓縮楔角、總壓縮轉角及隔離段高度，分別用等激波強度和等激波角度的方法設計了唇口平直和唇口帶楔角的前體進氣道。( 2 ) the emission spectra of laser ablation metal copper plasma were measured. the detailed mechanism of plume emission of cu plasma was qualitatively explained using a simple model based on excitation of atom and ion in plume arising from inelastic collision between the elemental species and electron with high kinetic energy. under the local thermal equilibrium model, the electronic temperature of copper plasma was deduced to be in the 104 scale by its emission lines
（ 2 ） cu等離子體光譜：在420 570nm波長范圍內觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體的光譜和各發射譜線在等離子體中的空間分佈；比較了激光能量對cu等離子體發射光譜、電子溫度的影響；用局部熱力學平衡（ lte ）近似，測得cu等離子體的電子溫度為104k數量級；在不同背景氣壓下，觀測了激光燒蝕cu等離子體光譜的空間分佈。It is necessary to control the mechanical stimuli precisely in the studies of cardiac mechano - electrical feedback ( mef ). in the present study a ventricular pressure - clamping system has been developed, which can be applied to isolated - perfused rabbit hearts. controlled by a computer, this system not only can make the left ventricle follow a command defining the same pressure wave as that during a beating cycle under physiological condition, but also deliver mechanical stimuli with a proper waveform to the ventricle at a particular time phase. this system integrates multiple functions, including perfusing, pacing, recording of electrocardiogram and monophasic action potentials, and clamping and measuring of ventricular pressures in isolated - perfused hearts. thus, it is a distinct system for investigating the phenomena and mechanisms of cardiac mef at organ level
在心臟機械電反饋的研究中準確控制機械刺激是非常重要的.本研究室構建了一套適用於離體家兔心臟的心室壓力鉗系統.該系統通過計算機控制壓力鉗，不僅能模擬正常生理條件下左心室的壓力波形，還能在心室活動周期的特定時相、以適當波形對心室施加機械刺激.該系統集心臟灌流與起搏、表面心電圖記錄、單相動作電位記錄、心室壓力鉗制與測定等多種功能於一體，特別適用於器官水平上觀察機械電反饋現象並探討其機制Abstract : it is necessary to control the mechanical stimuli precisely in the studies of cardiac mechano - electrical feedback ( mef ). in the present study a ventricular pressure - clamping system has been developed, which can be applied to isolated - perfused rabbit hearts. controlled by a computer, this system not only can make the left ventricle follow a command defining the same pressure wave as that during a beating cycle under physiological condition, but also deliver mechanical stimuli with a proper waveform to the ventricle at a particular time phase. this system integrates multiple functions, including perfusing, pacing, recording of electrocardiogram and monophasic action potentials, and clamping and measuring of ventricular pressures in isolated - perfused hearts. thus, it is a distinct system for investigating the phenomena and mechanisms of cardiac mef at organ level
文摘:在心臟機械電反饋的研究中準確控制機械刺激是非常重要的.本研究室構建了一套適用於離體家兔心臟的心室壓力鉗系統.該系統通過計算機控制壓力鉗，不僅能模擬正常生理條件下左心室的壓力波形，還能在心室活動周期的特定時相、以適當波形對心室施加機械刺激.該系統集心臟灌流與起搏、表面心電圖記錄、單相動作電位記錄、心室壓力鉗制與測定等多種功能於一體，特別適用於器官水平上觀察機械電反饋現象並探討其機制In this paper, firstly, the mechanism of laser plasma shock wave ' s form, the basic formula of the theory of shock wave, the state equation of the shock wave in the water and the relation of the parameters of the shock front are studied
本文首先討論了激光等離子體沖擊波的形成機理、沖擊波理論的基本關系式、水中沖擊波的狀態方程模型以及沖擊波波前參數的關系。The point blast induced spherical wave is the especial instance of the ellipsoid shock wave. at last, the experimental data in alcohol are in good agreement with the calculated results of the model by analysis of the data of the laser pulse induced the laser plasma shock front by acoustics means
最後，設計應用聲學方法對酒精中產生的激光等離子體沖擊波波前傳播過程進行測試，對兩個不同方向上激光等離子體沖擊波波前測試數據的分析表明，旋轉橢球面的沖擊波模型與實驗測量結果相吻合。The experimental data are in good agreement with the calculated results of the model by analysis of the data of the laser pulse of different energy induced the laser plasma shock front by acoustics means. in addition, the calculated results of the model are in good agreement with the experimental data by optics means
同時設計應用聲學方法對水中不同能量的脈沖激光作用下產生的激光等離子體沖擊波波前傳播過程進行測試及數據分析，對光學陰影方法探測的激光等離子體沖擊波近場波前傳播數據進行詳細分析，結果表明新模型計算結果與實驗測量值一致。Secondly, the formula of the shock front of the spherical wave in the air is extended to the model of circumrotated ellipse and the process of the shock front of in the water in term of the transmitting characteristic of the laser plasma shock wave in the air
其次，從空氣中激光等離子體沖擊波波前的傳輸特性出發，將空氣中點源爆炸球面沖擊波波前衰減傳播公式推廣到非中心完全對稱情況，提出旋轉橢球面沖擊波前傳播公式；建立水中的激光等離子體沖擊波波前衰減傳播模型。We have prepared a series of neodymium binary / ternary complexes, such as nd ( acac ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( tfa ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( hfa ) 3 ' 2h2o, nd ( dbm ) 3 ' h2o, nd ( acac ) 3phen, nd ( tfa ) 3phen, nd ( hfa ) 3phen, nd ( dbm ) 3phen, nd ( tta ) 3 ( tppo ) 2, nd ( hfa ) 3 ( tppo ) 2, nd ( acac ) 4hpy, nd ( tta ) 4hpy and ndq3. the effects of organic ligands, synergistic coordination agents and different substitution groups for - diketones on effective line width and photoluminescence intensity of neodymium complexes were investigated. the photoluminescence spectra indicate that synergistic coordination agents can shield neodymium ion and impede water molecules penetrating into inner coordination shell to satisfy large coordination number of nd3 + during hydrous synthesis process, so the luminescence intensity of neodymium ternary complexes is stronger than that of neodymium binary complexes
發光光譜研究表明，由於協同試劑的參與，屏蔽了水分子參與配位，降低了羥基（ oh ）對釹離子激發態能級~ 4f _ （ 3 2 ）的猝滅，三元配合物的熒光強度均比二元配合物強，其中配合物nd （ tta ） _ 3 （ tppo ） _ 2在1340nm處的熒光強度最強，適合作為摻雜的光學活性物質，來制備有源光波導材料；在有水工藝條件下，單純地氟化配體未必能提高釹配合物的近紅外發光性能。Eddy - current sensor conversion circuit consist amplification circuit, band - pass filter circuit, demodulation circuit, differentiation phase and data sampling circuit. these circuits are used to convert the test signal of eddy - current sensor to discrete signal tend to process. the microprocessor system that formed of dsp chip is used to data fitting of test system, data displaying and data communicating with personal computer, etc. the interference questions of hardware design and the measure of eliminating interference signal in the subject are introduced in the last of this chapter
硬體電路的設計主要分三大部分來實現：激勵源電路部分，由分頻電路和頻率合成電路組成，產生頻率穩定的激勵信號以確保檢測任務的正常進行；傳感器變換電路部分，由放大電路、濾波電路、檢波電路、鑒相電路和數據採集電路組成，主要將電渦流傳感器檢測線圈檢測到的信號變換成只含有被測信息的離散信號，易於后續電路處理；由dsp晶元構成的微處理系統，主要完成檢測系統的數據擬合、顯示及與主機通信等功能。At present, people usually use birefrigence and quasi - phase - matching methods to achieve higher effiency in the process of conversion. a significant advantage of quasi - phase - matching method is that the interaction is occurred through the largest element of the x ( 2 ) tensor ; the period of optical superlattice can be designed randomly, and any interaction can be matched without walk - off angle ; they are fitted to be used in frequency conversion of lower power especially. the quasi - phase - matching method has some advantages over birefrigence method, improving the efficiency of frequency conversion ; the range of frequency conversion covers its whole transperant wavelength
由於準相位匹配技術有其獨特的優勢，可以利用非線性光學晶體的最大二階極化張量，如ppln 、 pplt 、 ppktp用的非線性極化張量都是d _ （ 33 ） ，其有效非線性系數高出普通非線性光學介質（如bbo 、 lbo 、 ktp ）一個數量級，而且可以人為靈活設計調制周期，通過周期設計其頻率變換范圍可以覆蓋準相位匹配介質的整個透明波段，選擇無走離效應，解決了常規pm難以解決的問題，拓寬了非線性晶體的應用范圍，極大地提高了頻率轉換效率，已成為非線性光學材料和固體激光器的研究熱點之一。The project adopts pulsed laser ranging in noncoherent detect mode, uses a 905nm pulsed laser diode as the laser source, detects object with a single apd, adopts an optics - mechanics scanner in object space to obtain images, and obtain distance images and intensity images of object simultaneously
該研究方案採用直接探測脈沖激光測距體制，以波長為905nm的脈沖半導體激光器作為激光光源，利用單元apd探測器進行探測，採用物空間掃描的光機掃描方式進行掃描成像，能同時獲得目標的距離圖像和強度圖像。In the fields of fluid dynamics, entropy inequality reflects the second law of thermodynamics. i. e. entropy must increase across shock waves ( a kind of discontinuity ). all kind of approximate schemes should reflect the fact that it must satisfies some kind of discrete entropy inequality ). from the view of practical computation, stability and theo - retical error of any kind discrete schemes all dependend of the smoothness of the solution of ( 0. 2. 1 ). generally, the approximate solution have good stability and theoretial error in the area where the solutions have more regularity and poor stability and theoretial error in other area
從流體力學來看，它事實上是熱力學第二定理的反映，即熵越過激波（一種間斷）要增加。各種估計格式構造的估計解應反映這一事實，即滿足熵不等式。從實際計算來看，總是通過離散化求解，不考慮計算的積累誤差，它的穩定性與計算精度都依賴與真解的光滑性，一般說，在解較光滑的區域有較好的穩定性與計算精度，而在較粗糙的區域則相反。These results show the expected increases in solar wind plasma density downstream of the bow - shock boundary, as well as significant solar wind plasma densities within mercury ' s magnetosphere close to the planet
這些調查結果表明，預計增幅在太陽風等離子體密度下游弓激波邊界，以及大量的太陽風等離子體密度與水星的磁層接近地球。Based on the theory of gas dynamics and thermodynamics, the cooling mechanism and the formation and running rule of shock wave in the tube of the thermal separator was explored
從熱力學及氣體動力學角度出發，探討了熱分離機的製冷機理、激波的形成與運動規律。In the thermal separator, the energy is transmitted through the movement of the shock wave. so that, it is of great importance to study the formation, action and controlling of the shock wave for discovering of the mechanism and ameliorating of the running nature of the thermal separator
熱分離機內氣體間能量的傳輸與轉換主要通過激波的運動來實現的，因此深入研究激波的形成、運動、行為及控制方法對于揭示熱分離機的製冷機理和提高其性能有重要意義。The results of analysis show that the shock detached distance computed by two temperature model or three temperature compare well with the experiment data, and the heat transfer rate is highest for one temperature model with non - catalytic wall, and lowest for equilibrium gas model, and the heat transfer rate for perfect gas model is between the non - catalytic wall and fully catalytic wall
結果表明：採用兩溫度（或三溫度）非平衡氣體模型計算的激波脫體距離更接近實驗情況；採用平衡氣體模型計算的壁面熱流最高，一溫度非平衡氣體模型完全非催化的壁面熱流最低，而完全氣體模型的壁面熱流在兩者之間。The prediction of disastrous space weather is a hot topi c among solar - terrestrial physics and high technological fields. we propose that the future forecasting of the physical conditions that the violent solar disturb ance causes at the earth by propagating in solar wind depends heavily on the num erical method. this paper analyses the existing problems we are facing in the num erical prediction of disastrous disturbance events in solar - terrestrial space, an d then gives some suggestions for future study. for such a purpose, a six step sol ution method is developed to deal with one - dimensional symmetric interplanetary shock dynamics. it should be point out that that initialization of fully self - con sistent 3 - d mhd codes considering the solar - interplanetary - geomagnetic coupled r elations with initial - boundary values at 1r of the global output of solar pl asma and magnetic field using available solar observations is an essential requi rement in space weather operational codes for forecasting purposes
空間災害性天氣的預報是日地物理學界及高科技領域的熱門話題.未來預測太陽劇烈擾動所造成的行星際風暴到達地球空間的狀態勢必藉助于數值方法.淺析了空間災害性擾動事件數值預報存在的問題及未來設想，針對這一目的對一維球對稱問題提出了處理行星際激波的6步求解方法，指出未來空間災害性擾動事件預報模式應是一個基於三維的以真實太陽風為背景自洽建立起來的、以太陽等離子體輸出及磁場全球結構為初邊值、太陽、行星際、地磁因果耦合模式The main numerical method of this code is coming from scheme ( jameson, schimit and turkel ) : using cell - centered finite volume method as spatial discretization tools, and a system of ordinary differential equations for time variable is obtained, which is solved by utilizing five - step runge - kutta scheme as time marching method, introducing artificial dissipation to damp high frequency oscillations near the shock and stagnation point
本論文採用歐拉方程作為控制方程，利用中心有限體積法進行空間離散，得到對時間變量的常微分方程組，採用龍格庫塔多步法進行時間積分，加入人工粘性以消除激波和駐點附近的壓力振蕩等方法來對naca0012翼型的實際流動進行并行數值模擬。It is analyzed that the thermal and chemical model have a effect on the shock detached distance, heat transfer rate, the distributions of temperature and density
分析了各種氣體模型對激波脫體距離、壁面熱流、溫度分佈和密度分佈等的影響。分享友人