零下冬化 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [língxiàdōnghuà]
零下冬化
英文
subzero winterization-
Engine operating conditions cold be changed quickly and are very bad sometimes, such as : from suddenly cranking to driving in winter, acceleration to sudden torque demand. in the light of zero emission vehicles, in order to achieve better hot efficiency, maximum power, higher safety and best emission, engine controls become more and more difficult. automotive engines are typical nonlinear, time - delay, time - varying parameter systems
汽車發動機使用環境變化大，使用條件有時非常惡劣，從寒冷的冬天突然啟動進入行駛狀態，行駛過程中的突然加速，急劇的扭矩變化等等，在這樣的條件下，為了使其熱效率、輸出功率、行駛性、安全性和排氣清潔性處于最佳狀態，給汽車發動機的控制帶來了極大的困難，特別是零排放汽車排放標準的提出，對發動機控制提出了更高的要求。
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