零假設 的英文怎麼說

中文拼音 [língjiǎshè]
零假設 英文
null hypothesis
  • 零 : Ⅰ數詞1 （零數） zero2 （數的空位） zero sign （0）; nought 3 （表示沒有數量;無） nil; nought 4 （...
  • 假 : 假名詞1. （按照規定不工作或不學習的時間; 假期） holiday; vacation 2. （經過批準暫時不工作或不學習的時間; 休假） leave of absence; furlough
  • 設 : Ⅰ動詞1 （設立; 布置） set up; establish; found 2 （籌劃） work out : 設計陷害 plot a frame up; fr...
  1. It ' s always contacted by the concept - complete competition, which titles a manner of business with character of absolute decentralization under the assumptive condition without transaction cost. so, complete competition describes a utopian state

    壟斷是與「完全競爭」狀態相關聯的概念，完全競爭是一種假設交易費用為零時的完全分散式經營方式，因而是一種理想化的競爭狀態。
  2. The null result was directly related to a central postulate of the theory.

    零結果都直接與理論的中心假設相聯系。
  3. The nonlinear filtering for nbi estimate - subtract assumes that the prediction error is dominated by spread spectrum signal and the background noise power is far below spread spectrum chip power, this assumption promises the low error ratio of chip decision but may not be attainable to digitalized dsss receiver in military communication environment, and does not coincide with the principle of dsss communication that decreases bit error ratio ( ber ) depending on spread spectrum gain, not on chip power

    在干擾估計抵消濾波中，以往的非線性濾波要求干擾抵消濾波后擴頻信號功率遠大於殘余噪聲功率，進而假設碼片判決的誤碼片率基本為零，這一要求對軍用擴頻通信是不利的，而且也不符合擴頻通信利用擴頻增益降低誤碼率的原則。
  4. It is possible for the hsk test to reject the null when important variables are omitted, even though the truth is there is no hsk

    即便真實的情況並無異方差， hsk檢驗可能由於重要變量的遺漏而錯誤的拒絕零假設。
  5. At the same time, this model supposes information on demand during lead time is imperfect and lead time can be controlled and reduced at an added cost

    同時，模型假設有關零售商提前期內需求的信息是不完全的，並且提前期可以由追加額外的趕工成本進行控制。
  6. | | of sb and that there exists a positive nondecreasing function ( a ), a > 0, such that with some k, r, b > 0. then assuming also that ( ) is a regularly varying function at zero, or at infinity, with a positive exponent, [ l ] has proved large deviation results for increments like sup sup | | ( t + s ) - ( t ) | |, which then used to establish module of continuity and large increment estimates for ( )

    假設存在正的非降的函數（ a ） ， a 0 ，使得對某個k ， ， 0 ，有成立，還假設（ ? ）是帶有一個正指數，在零點正則變化的函數，文[ 1 ]中給出並證明了形如的增量的有關結論，並由此建立了（ ? ）的大增量及連續模的極限定理。
  7. Get the main conclusion as follows : when producing advantage enterprises in horizontal merger, if the figure of leaders enterprise do n ' t equal to zero, the horizontal merger motive exists, and under certain condition, this kind of horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare, this is exactly the reason why horizontal merger gets support ; when horizontal merger does not produce advantage enterprises, the condition that the motive exists is extremely harsh, and this kind of merger rises the product price and reduce the social total welfare ; when the market is couront market, if merging side ' s production capacity after merge ca n ' t reach optimum in theories satisfied, so long as its production capacity exceed the sum of optimum output of merger participate, merge motive exists, and horizontal merger will increase the social total welfare rises ; when high - level enterprises merge low level enterprises, because merging side ca n ' t get profit or those do n ' t participate in merger get more profit than merging side, motive

    得到主要結論如下:當橫向並購產生優勢企業時，原先市場的領導層企業數目不等於零時，橫向並購動機存在，而且在一定條件下，這種橫向並購會使社會福利增加，這正是橫向並購得到支持的原因所在;當橫向並購不產生上優勢企業時，動機存在的條件極為苛刻，基本上與不產生優勢企業的假設相違背，可以認為這種並購的動機不存在，而且這種並購導致產品價格上升，社會總福利降低;如果市場近似古諾競爭市場，並購后並購方生產能力不能滿足理論上的最優產量，只要其生產能力超過並購前參與並購各方的最優產量之和，那麼並購動機就會存在，而且橫向並購會導致產品價格下降，社會總福利上升;當處于高層次的企業並購低層次企業時，由於並購者不能獲利或者未參與並購者獲利增加比並購方多，並購動機不存在或者很微弱。
  8. For example, suppose you have a retail point - of - sale application that must run 24 hours a day, seven days a week

    例如，假設有一個必須每周七天，每天24小時運行的零售銷售點應用程序。
  9. Suppose you manufacture toy robots, and you want to keep track of all the parts

    假設您生產玩具機器人，並希望記錄所有零部件。
  10. Using the numerical computation method to simulate the pure air flowing in the plasma generator and using zero dimension theory and continuous medium hypothesis to establish the mathematical model of the plasma generator and applying the curvilinear coordinate to disperse the space of the plasma generator, applying simplec method to solve the set of discredited equations

    應用數值計算的方法模擬了等離子發生器內部的純空氣流動，應用零維理論分析模型和連續介質假設建立了描述等離子發生器內部流動和傳熱的數學模型；採用貼體坐標系對等離子發生器的流場空間進行空間離散；採用simplec演算法來求解離散方程，獲得流場的數值解。
  11. After the introduction of basic model for the survey, this paper tries to relaxthe hypothesis of the basic model from such angels as considering the sale services, setting the type of assumed conjecture for rival ' s price change, transforming the form of competition, taking the information asymmetry and transaction cost into account, market uncertainty and change of demand elasticity etc., then draws out two mainstream conclusions as efficiency improvement and anti - competition effect

    本文首先給出理論綜述的基本模型，從引入銷售服務變量，設定零售商的價格猜想類型，改變零售商的競爭方式，考慮信息不對稱和交易成本，以及市場的不確定性和需求彈性的變化等多個角度逐次放寬假設條件，歸納出效率改進或反競爭效應兩大基本結論。
  12. The retail versions are designed so that if some components of a product are already installed by another rational product, then only the additional components needed for the new product are installed

    零售版的設計假設產品的某些組件已經由其他rational產品安裝了，因此只需要安裝新產品所添加的一些組件即可。
  13. One word of warning, the zero - transaction - costs assumption is just an assumption

    提醒一句， 「零交易成本」假設僅僅是一個假設。
  14. Abstract : a new variable structure model reference adaptive control ( vs - mrac ) scheme is proposed in this paper. by transforming a relative degree one system into a first - order - like differential equation, it is shown that the spr ( strictly positive real ) assumption for reference model or its modified form ( if plant relative degree n * > 1 ) can be removed and the tracking error can converge to zero in finite time or a small residual set

    文摘:提出了一種可具有非嚴格正實參考模型的變結構魯棒自適應控制方案，可去除變結構模型參考自適應控制中普遍要求參考模型為嚴格正實或當相對階大於1時參考模型經補償后為嚴格正實的假設.在此基礎上提出的變結構控制律可保證跟蹤誤差在相對階為1時于有限時間內收斂到零，而當相對階大於1時則可使跟蹤誤差收斂到一個殘差集內
  15. When the radar is narrow band, radar target is studies as a point target. target and clutter are modeled as having a zero - mean complex gaussian probability density function ( pdf ). target is assumed as slowly - fluctuant

    窄帶條件下，雷達目標可以看作是一個點目標，假設目標和雜波都服從零均值的復高斯分佈，目標為慢起伏。
  16. The main research area of traditional cost theory is the cost of production, known as the cost of production theories. the traditional theory consider as the system of neutral, market transactions are fully competitive market and zero transaction costs of the state means that the traditional theory only in highly abstract sense analysis of the allocation of resources, but not strictly bound to consider the institution and institution costs, which constitute a fatal mistakes on cost analysis to the traditional cost theory

    但是，由於傳統新古典理論的制度中性假設，市場交易是在完全競爭市場和零交易成本狀態下進行的，使得傳統理論只能在高度抽象的意義上分析資源配置問題，而沒有嚴格地考慮制度約束和制度成本，占總成本很大比例的交易成本等制度成本往往被忽略了，這構成了傳統理論進行成本分析的一個致命缺陷。
  17. Following works has been done : ( 1 ) for the coordination problem of two nodes in supply chain between one manufacturer and one retailer, it hereby make improvement based on the concerned literature research : to relax a certain tentative terms ; to discuss the change of each node benefit and supply chain total benefit in every policies under un - fixed price flexibility coefficient and to make three - dimension for analysis

    作出了以下幾個方面的工作: （ 1 ）對於一個生產商和一個零售商的兩節點供應鏈的協調問題，主要在相關文獻研究的基礎上作出了改進:放開了某個假設條件;在非固定的價格彈性系數下來討論每種策略中各節點利潤和供應鏈總利潤的變動，並作出三維圖形進行分析。
  18. On the assumption of ignoring the distortion of thickness, this paper determines the rough shape by the geometric modeling method of equal area developing using mixed mesh cell of triangle and quadrangle for the first time, presents the equal area developing arithmetic of quadrangle - triangle. on the virtual geometric symmetry axis, we puts forward the method of determining the developed coordinate of the point on the base band in the development of using regular quadrangle cell, determines the developed shape of internal structure in plane utilizing point - to - point mapping theory. furthermore, we realize the approximate developing of undeveloped - irregular boundary surface using a few triangle cells

    本文結合型號研製中小曲率機翼整體壁板類零件坯料展開課題，基於板料厚向變形忽略不計的先驗假設，首創混合四邊形-三角形網格等面積展開的幾何模擬法確定壁板類零件毛坯外形，給出了混合四邊形-三角形網格等面積展開演算法；提出了虛擬分割線的概念，採用虛擬幾何對稱軸，給出了規整四邊形單元展開基帶上結點的計算方法；採用映射原理和求交演算法確定了壁板內部結構信息的展開定位。
  19. In order to explore the reason of bubbles, we need to analyse the behavior of investors, on the basis of bounded rationality, behavioral finance theories carry out a great deal of psychological experiments and psychological analysis. when the capital includes not only the physical but also the human capital, there are chances for labor productivity changes the trend of decreasing

    由於p _ t是對p _ t的理性預期，希勒檢驗的零假設是p _ t的方差小於p _ t ，多數實證檢驗結果拒絕了該零假設，說明理性泡沫存在或者是有效市場假說不成立，但是也有許多學者對可靠性提出質疑。
  20. Testing of multi - dimensional normal population with mean zero

    多維正態總體零均值的假設檢驗
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