頻率原點 的英文怎麼說
中文拼音 [bīnlǜyuándiǎn]
頻率原點
英文
frequency origin-
On the base of researching the theory of the scheme and analyzing the signal feature, it is obtained that the existence manners and character of distance information in the differential frequency signal. at the same time, a new conclusion is gained that the technology of frequency agility can decrease the constant error of system. it is also to say that frequency agility and frequency modulation fixed - distance fuze has the similar feature to random period frequency modulation fixed - distance fuze. according to the theory of address coding in the hopping - frequency communication, the paper presents the principle of selecting the frequency agility sequence which fit to the radio fuze and constructs the frequency agility sequence family based on the rs codes
在深入研究方案原理和分析信號特徵的基礎上，獲得了該體制引信差頻信號中，距離信息的存在形式和特點，得出了頻率捷變技術的引入降低了系統定距固定誤差這一新的結論，即頻率捷變調頻定距引信在定距性能上具有類似隨機周期調頻定距的特徵。本文引入跳頻通信地址編碼理論，結合無線電引信的具體特徵，提出了適用於無線電引信的頻率捷變序列的選擇原則，並構造了基於rs碼的寬間隔頻率捷變序列族。The factors limiting the frequency band of the wide - band amplifier are introduced. through analyzing the effects of the intrinsic parameters and parasitical on the frequency characteristics, a method of improving fr of mosfet by using short channel device and making mosfet work at the saturation region through raising vgs is put forward ; the effects of different kinds of circuit configurations on the frequency characteristics and the junction voltage on the voltage pattern circuit, current pattern circuit and frequency characteristics are analyzed. according to the linear theory of transconductance which is applied in the bit circuit, the current pattern amplifier circuit, current transfer circuit and output circuit which consist of mosfet and the wide - band amplifier composed of them are put forward
介紹了限制寬帶放大器頻帶寬度的因素，通過分析mosfet的本徵參數、寄生參數對頻率特性的影響，提出了採用短溝器件、使mosfet工作在飽和區、抬高柵源電壓等提高mosfet特徵頻率的方法；分析了不同電路組態對放大器頻率特性的影響、節點電壓對電壓模電路、電流模電路頻率特性的不同影響，根據應用於雙極晶體管電路的跨導線性原理，提出了採用mosfet構成的電流模放大電路、電流傳輸電路、輸出電路以及由它們所組成的寬帶放大器，獲得了良好的頻率響應。Backed up by the soplat theory based on particle kinematics, the second chapter of this paper presents with analysis and simulation of several single observer passive measurement models, which uses such relative movement parameters as bearings changing rates and centrifugal acceleration information on the basis of bearings measurements. in the third chapter, the observability of location respectively using bearings and its changing rates information and centrifugal acceleration information is analyzed, and its observable condition is got. the fourth chapter puts forward the modified covariance extended kalman filtering ( mvekf ) against the defect of traditional extended kalman filtering ( ekf ), whose performance is simultaneously compared in the chapter with the performance of ususal tracking algorithm such as ekf, mgekf, iekf by computer simulation
在近年來提出的基於質點運動學原理的單站無源定位理論基礎上，本文第二章提出了幾種在角度測量的基礎上增加角度變化率及相對運動的離心加速度等運動學參數的單站無源測量模型，並對它們進行了分析和模擬；第三章分別對利用角度及其變化率信息定位和利用離心加速度信息定位的可觀測性進行分析並得到了相應的可觀測條件；第四章針對傳統擴展卡爾曼（ ekf ）方法的缺點，提出了一種修正協方差的擴展卡爾曼濾波（ mvefk ）方法，並將其和ekf 、 mgekf 、 iekf等常用的單站無源定位濾波方法進行了性能模擬比較；第五章通過引入雷達機動目標跟蹤方法和模型，提出了利用角度及其變化率對機動輻射源跟蹤的多級噪聲自適應方法和imm方法；第六章主要對角度變化率和離心加速度參數的獲取技術進行了研究，提出了幾種高精度測量脈沖序列多普勒頻率變化率的方法。Used the identification of bandwidth point, a first - order - plus - dead - time model can be available. meanwhile a 4 - parameter model can be obtained with the two points. with the model available, the two - degree - of - freedom pid controller is designed based on the iae specification and a robustness specification
並利用臨界點的辨識與帶寬點的辨識建立二階純延遲模型，從nyquist圖可以看出，模型在對參數整定關鍵的一段頻率范圍內都能較好的擬和原對象。In this paper, ansys, the software on finite element analysis, is made use of processing the static and modal analysis on the preliminary models and its " modified ones. by analyzing the results, we can conclude that the stresses on the components of the modified models are tended to equilibration and the location of the branches " brace can also influence stresses and translations on the branches. in addition, the values of the intrinsic frequencies on modified models " are larger than the ones on preliminary models, but the ranges of the frequencies on both models are almost same
傳統的弧形閘門的支臂結構基本上都是三角架式的，這主要是因為按平面體系進行計算的傳統設計方法忽略了結構的整體性及弧形閘門的空間結構特點，設計得比較保守，而實際上，將其改為a型結構也存在可行性，本文是利用有限元分析軟體? ? ansys對原模型及修改模型分別進行靜態和固有頻率的計算，通過分析比較其結果可知，支臂改為a型后會使閘門的整體受力趨于均勻，即原模型受力大的部件其應力變小，而原模型受力小的部件其應力會變大；而且a型支臂的支桿在不同的放置位置對支臂的應力和位移變化也有一定的影響。The structure, function and characteristic with the principle and method of tank gauging system are described. then the structure, principle of the circuit and the main chips of the data processing unit are introduced. after this, the software design of data processing unit including rs - 485 ( modbus ) module, 4 - 20ma analog module, on - off module, rtd module, pulse module, calculation and display module, communication module and neuron chip program module and also the method of resolving the problems which were found at the process of debugging are emphasized
隨后介紹了現場數據處理器的結構，電路原理，所運用的主要晶元；並重點闡述了作者在課題研究中所作的工作，即現場數據處理器軟體的設計包括八個功能模塊： rs - 485 （ modbus ）模塊、 4 ? 20ma模擬量採集模塊、開關量處理模塊、 rtd信號採集模塊、頻率量採集模塊、計算和顯示模塊、通訊模塊、 neuron晶元中的程序模塊；以及在課題研究和現場調試過程中遇到的問題及解決辦法。This design keep the twice frequency transform and the superheterodyne structure in analog receiver, and use programmable direct digital synthesizer ( dos ) in rf section. use this method, we can not only inherit the advantage of high sensitivity and high selection in traditional design, but also improve the automation of the equipment
該方案保留了原模擬接收機二次變頻的超外差結構，在射頻前端利用了可編程的數字頻率合成器（ dds ） ，這樣既繼承了原接收機的高靈敏度，高選擇性的優點，又提高了它的接收機自動化特性。The basic principle, main properties, typical parameters, technical characteristics and general situation of klystron are introduced. the electron beam prebunching in the modulated cavity and shift tube of relativistic klystron amplifer ( rka ) is studied analytically, a self - consistent equation of radiation generated by the prebunched electron beam in the radiation cavity is derived using the field method of particle ? wave interaction instead of the electrical circuit method, and in terms of it, the gain in the linear regime calculated, a field analysis method is proposed. the theory analysis shows that the characteristic parameters, such as resonance frequency, real part of gap - impedance, external quality fadtor in all kinds of klystron output circuits including single - beam, multi - beam, single - gap, multi - gap, single - beammulti - gap, multi - beam multi - gap klystron output circuit, can be calculated by the field analysis method
本文系統的介紹了速調管的工作原理、主要特點、發展概況、主要性能指標和技術特點，解析的研究了電子束在相對論速調管放大器的調制腔和漂移管中的預群聚;用粒子波互作用的場方法導出了在輻射腔中預群聚電子束產生輻射的自洽方程，同時對線性區的增益進行了計算。理論分析表明，場分析法可用於計算單注單間隙、多注多間隙、單注多間隙和多注多間隙速調管輸出迴路的諧振頻率、間隙阻抗實部和外觀品質因數等特性參數。Bits supplies the synchronous timing signal to these equipments inside the telecommunicationt building, such as dps, atm, no. 7, dxc, tm & adm in sdh, don and in etc. the related techniques are involved in the content of synchronization ne twork, timing distribution, the timing signal transportations x impairments etc. the second chapter tells the structure and the function of the building integrated timing system. the third chapter summarizes the digital synchronization network techniques, which emphasizes the basic concept of synchronization networks analyzes the necessity of building the synchronization network and introduces all kinds of synchronization methods. the fourth chapter represents the transportation of the synchronization signal
本文第二章講述了通信樓綜合定時系統的構成及作用：第三章概述了數字同步網技術，著重描述了同步網的基本概念，分析了建立同步網的必要性，講述了各種同步方法；第四章闡述了同步定時信號的傳輸；第五章介紹了bits設備所支持的同步狀態消息；第六章、第七章為本文的重點，通過對時鐘信號建立數學模型，從理論上分析時鐘內部噪聲和相位瞬變產生時鐘定時信號損傷的原理，企圖尋找到更好地控制頻率漂移的方法。Abstract : biological invasions are a continuous feature of a non - equilibrium world, ever more so as a result of accidental and deliberate introductions by mankind. while many of these introductions are apparently harmless, others have significant consequences for organisms native to the invaded range, and entire communities may be affected. here we provide a survey of common models of range expansion, and outline the consequences these models have for patterns in genetic diversity and population structure. we describe how patterns of genetic diversity at a range of markers can be used to infer invasion routes, and to reveal the roles of selection and drift in shaping population genetic patterns that accompany range expansion. we summarise a growing range of population genetic techniques that allow large changes in population size ( bottlenecks and population expansions ) to be inferred over a range of timescales. finally, we illustrate some of the approaches described using data for a suite of invasions by oak gallwasps ( hymenoptera, cynipidae, cynipini ) in europe. we show that over timescales ranging from 500 10000 years, allele frequency data for polymorphic allozymes reveal ( a ) a consistent loss of genetic diversity along invasion routes, confirming the role of glacial refugia as centres of genetic diversity over these timescales, and ( b ) that populations in the invaded range are more subdivided genetically than those in the native range of each species. this spatial variation in population structure may be the result of variation in the patchiness of resources exploited by gallwasps, particularly host oak plants
文摘:生物入侵是不均衡世界的一個永恆話題，尤其是當人類有意或無意地引入物種后.很多引入顯然是無害的，但另外一些則有著嚴重的後果，會給入侵地的生物以至於整個生物群落造成影響.本文總結了分佈區擴張的常見模式，概述了它們對遺傳多樣性和種群結構式樣所造成的影響.描述了如何根據以一批遺傳標記所得到的遺傳多樣性式樣來推斷入侵途徑，來揭示伴隨擴張選擇和漂變在形成種群遺傳樣式中的作用.本文對日益增多的群體遺傳學方法進行了總結，這些技術可以用來在不同的時間尺度上推斷種群規模所發生的巨大變化（瓶頸效應及種群擴張） .最後，我們以歐洲櫟癭蜂（膜翅目，癭蜂科，癭蜂族）一系列入侵的數據為例對一些方法進行了說明.從500 10000年的時間尺度上，多態的等位酶位點上等位基因頻率的數據表明: 1 ）遺傳多樣性沿入侵路線呈不斷下降的趨勢，支持了冰河期避難所作為遺傳多樣性中心的作用; 2 ）入侵地區的種群與該物種原產地的種群相比，遺傳上的分化更為強烈.這種種群結構在空間上的變異可能是被櫟癭蜂開發的資源尤其是櫟樹寄主在斑塊上出現變異的反映Therefore, the paper mainly discusses the pluses and minuses of the multifarious frequency estimation algorithms, and develops an adaptive method of evaluation on dft for power system frequency, which is based on the equal - angle sampling principle
因此，本文著重論述了歷史上各種頻率測量演算法的優缺點，並在自適應調整采樣率的等角度采樣原則的基礎上，提出了一種基於dft的電網頻率測量的自適應估計演算法。Therefore, research on integrated process control system, which includes such roles as control, monitoring, diagnosis, proves to have important theoretical and practical value. fault diagnosis, provides scientific methodology to detect and diagnose system exception, and find out fault source, frequency, severity, tendency etc., so as to take timely and effective solution
故障診斷就是監視控制系統進行故障檢測與診斷，並對故障的原因、故障頻率、故障的危害程度及趨勢預測等內容進行分析判斷，為確診故障點、及早採取維修、防護等補救措施提供科學的決策依據。The thesis has done the widespread investigation and study to the domestic and foreign ’ s technologies of analogy low voltage and low power, and analyzes the principles of work, merts and shortcomings of these technologies, based on the absorption of these technologies, it designs a 1. 5v low power rail - to - rail cmos operational amplifier. when designing input stage, in order to enable the input common mode voltage range to achieve rail - to - rail, it does not use the traditional differential input pair, but use the nmos tube and the pmos tube parallel supplementary differential input pair to the structure, and uses the proportional current mirror technology to realize the constant transconductance of input stage. in the middle gain stage design, the current mirror load does not use the traditional standard cascode structure, but uses the low voltage, wide - swing casecode structure which is suitable to work in low voltage. when designing output stage, in order to enhance the efficiency, it uses the push - pull common source stage amplifier as the output stage, the output voltage swing basically reached rail - to - rail. the thesis changes the design of the traditional normal source based on the operational amplifier, uses the differential amplifier with current mirror load to design a normal current source. the normal current source provides the stable bias current and the bias voltage to the operational amplifier, so the stability of operational amplifier is guaranteed. the thesis uses the miller compensate technology with a adjusting zero resistance to compensate the operational amplifier
本論文對國內外的模擬低電壓低功耗技術做了廣泛的調查研究，分析了這些技術的工作原理和優缺點，在吸收這些技術成果基礎上設計了一個1 . 5v低功耗軌至軌cmos運算放大器。在設計輸入級時，為了使輸入共模電壓范圍達到軌至軌，不是採用傳統的差動輸入結構，而是採用了nmos管和pmos管並聯的互補差動輸入對結構，並採用成比例的電流鏡技術實現了輸入級跨導的恆定;在中間增益級設計中，電流鏡負載並不是採用傳統的標準共源共柵結構，而是採用了適合在低壓工作的低壓寬擺幅共源共柵結構;在輸出級設計時，為了提高效率，採用了推挽共源級放大器作為輸出級，輸出電壓擺幅基本上達到了軌至軌;本論文改變傳統基準源基於運放的設計，採用了帶電流鏡負載的差分放大器設計了一個基準電流源，給運放提供穩定的偏置電流和偏置電壓，保證了運放的穩定性;並採用了帶調零電阻的密勒補償技術對運放進行頻率補償。The first part of the paper is designing the testing project for grounding resistance and insulation resistance in a new way. using 16bits ad converter with programmable control amplifier replaced the way which used changing resistance to change measure range. lt is not only improved testing precision and develop the system expediently, but also reduced the area of the circuit boardwith the new way. in order to make the electric implement safety testing system have upstanding expansibility, the software and hardware of the system adopted the modularization design. adopted mcu atmegal28 as a master mcu which control mmi, realtime clock and communication with slaver mcu. atemga8 as the slaver mcu to realize testing function. so it is easy to add or reduce the testing project. the testing implement system has been developed successfully, and the comments for the system is that it has high precision, high expansibility and easy maintain. but considering the electric implement system should have intelligence and humanity abi lity. so this paper bring forward a scheme of electric equipment safety testing embedded system with speech control. after introduce the basic theory of speech recognition, the paper expatiate the characters of this system. the system is a noise conditon, not special people, small glossary, insulation word system. with these characters design the speech recognition as fellow. utilizing cross zero ratio and short energy to ensure jumping - off point and end point ; adopting mfcc as the character parameters of speech recognition ; the character parameters than be recognized by dtw. in order to ensure the credibility of this project, first realized by matlab in computer
在介紹了語音識別的基本原理后，闡述了本系統的特點：本系統是一個噪聲環境下非特定人、小詞匯量、孤立詞的語音識別系統。根據本系統的這些特點設計了如下語音識別方案：利用過零率和短時能量相結合的方式確定語音端點；採用mel頻率倒譜系數（ mfcc ）作為語音識別的特徵參數；得到的特徵參數最後通過動態時間規整（ dtw ）的模式識別方法進行識別。為了確保本系統實現方案的可靠性，首先通過計算機利用matlab軟體來模擬，在演算法模擬實現后又進一步增加環境的復雜性：加上較大的環境噪聲、突發性的噪聲等，再通過修改參數、修改參考模板、兩級識別等各種提高語音識別精度的方法來提廣東工業大學工學碩士學位論文高識別率。For the case of a doppler radar, the faster the raindrops move towards the radar, the higher will be the frequency i. e. pitch of the microwave reflected from raindrops fig. 1
多普勒雷達利用同一原理：雨點移近雷達的速度越快，反射回來的微波頻率即聲調就越高圖1 。Based on the theory of mfl and a study on the signal characteristics ofac - mfl and ect : on one hand, it expouded the flaw identification model of “ slope ratio ” todetect the defects in panel, rob or pipeline ; on the other hand, the flaw - depth measurementmethod based on the characteristical frequency were used in ac - mfl. the application ofac - mfl was realized, and it showed the accordance of defect detection for these twotechniques
從其檢測原理出發，在與上述渦流檢測信號特點進行比較的基礎上，一方面，利用「斜率比值」識別模型實現了對板材、管材、棒材等表面缺陷的檢測;另一方面，利用交流信號的信息實現了基於拐點頻率的深度測量方法在該技術中的應用。3. a raytrace model of both co - axis and non - axis beam propagations for high - power solid - state laser systems has been set up and simulations on shots have been conducted to get the spot distribution at target point. according to the requirement of system design and theory of mathematic statistics, the dispersion circle and frequency distribution, which optimize the stability allocation of optical components, have been presented
3 、建立了共軸與非共軸相結合的光線追跡模型，通過對大型固體激光裝置打靶的模擬模擬，獲取光束在靶點處的彈著點分佈，依據總體設計要求，運用數理統計原理，採用彌散圓和頻率分佈方法對彈著點分佈進行分析，優化光學元件穩定性分配指標。By integrating the characteristics of road traffic management in china, three indexes are selected, of which the evaluation standard is determined with cumulated percentage frequency
結合我國道路交通管理的特點，根據理論與實踐相結合的原則，對諸多指標進行選擇，篩選出適合我國國情的道路交通安全3項評價指標，並運用累積百分頻率法確定了評價標準。By simulating mathematically on frequency and on space, we can find the average speed of space field and the average speed of frequency field that is weighted by amplitude, and analyse their relation, and analyse the meaning of space speed variance x and frequency speed variance v. in the fourth part, how to ensure the height of cloud is introduced, and basing on the theory of wind field continuity, the height updating quality controlling is introduced. in the fifth part, the system of cloud wind is introduced, we tracked cloud - motion of consecutive satellite images with one - minute interval by the 1 - d fourier analysis technique and the two - dim fourier analysis technique and the fft analysis technique, and dispose them with quality controlling. in the sixth part, we summarized our research and put up with shortages of this article
模擬模塊內各點的速度線性變化時，得到空間域平均速度以及頻率域以振幅為權重的平均速度，分析了空間域平均速度和頻率域以振幅為權重的平均速度的關系，並揭示空間域的平均速度的標準差_ x和頻率域的振幅為權重的平均速度的標準差_ v的意義，以及它們之間的關系；第四章介紹了雲跡風系統的高度指定以及風矢高度的劃分，並根據風場連續性原理，介紹了高度調整法的質量控制；第五章介紹導風系統的流程，選擇了三個時刻的ir雲圖，分別用一維傅立葉相位法、二維傅立葉相位法和快速傅立葉演算法計算一個風場個例，並對所得風場進行質量控制，並給出風場圖；第六章進行研究總結，指出不足和有待于進一步研究之處。The basic operation principle of phase - locked frequency synthesizer and the type of circuits are expatiated systematicly in this paper. the principle of operation on sampling phase detector and some characteristics including the linear tracking and phase noise in phase loop circuits are analyzed deeply. the research is emphased on the theory and design method of circuits in the sampling phase - locked frequency synthesizer. then, the expansion capturing circuit is analyzed and designed for better performance of capturing loop circuits. at last, the loop filter is also analyzed and contrived taking account of effection of additional phase shift by the sampling - holder. the general research on the theory and technology of sampling phase lock in the paper will make a basement for the development of new product
本文系統的闡述了鎖相頻率合成器的基本工作原理及電路類型；較深入地分析了取樣鑒相工作原理及電路、鎖相環路的線性跟蹤特性和相位噪聲特性；重點對取樣鎖相頻率合成器電路理論和設計方法進行了研究；為了改善環路的捕獲性能，對擴捕電路進行了分析和設計，並用wewb32軟體對電路進行了模擬；考慮到取樣保持器的附加相移影響，對環路濾波器進行了分析和設計。分享友人