a-chromosome 中文意思是什麼

a-chromosome 解釋
a染色體
  • a : an 用在以母音音素開始的詞前〉 indefinite art 1 〈普通可數名詞第一次提到時，冠以不定冠詞主要表示類...
  • chromosome : n. 【生物學】染色體。
  1. In addition to avermectins, s. avermitilis produces oligomycin, a strongly toxic compound. gene deletion vector pxl05 was used to disrupt oligomycin polyketide synthase ( pks ) encoding genes ( olma ) in streptomyces avermitilis cz8 - 73, the producer of anthelmintic avermectins b and the cell growth inhibitor oligomycin. olma gene cluster in the chromosome was displaced by deletion allele on the plasmid via double crossover

    本研究以產阿維菌素b和寡黴素的阿維鏈黴菌cz8 - 73為出發菌株，構建了基因缺失載體pxl05 ，並將其轉入cz8 - 73中，通過缺失載體和染色體之間的同源雙交換，對染色體上長達90kb的寡黴素聚酮合酶（ pks ）基因簇（ olma ）進行了缺失。
  2. As the cyclin dependent kinase, cdc2 may act at multiple levels during mitosis to repress ribosome biogenesis, which lead the biosynthesis to a relative silent phase, when the most of cell ' s energy expenditure is used in chromosome condensation, breakdown of the nuclear envelope, and formation of the mitotic spindle

    作為cyclin依賴激酶， cdc2的激酶活性在很大程度上抑制了細胞的合成代謝，使細胞的蛋白合成進入了一個相對的靜止期，而細胞主要的能量則被應用於細胞分裂時的染色體的濃縮、核膜的降解、紡錘體的形成等。
  3. The standard practice is to call the entire structure a chromosome and each of its strands a sister chromatid.

    標準的做法是把整個結構稱為一個染色體，而把它的各條稱為姐妹染色單體。
  4. A part of a chromosome may be duplicated and occur either twice on the same chromosome or on two different nonhomologous chromo - somes : this is a duplication

    如果同一條染色體或非同源的兩條染色體上的某一個部分出現兩份或兩份以上的現象，那麼這種現象就叫做重復。
  5. A locus is the "location" of a gene along a chromosome.

    位點是基因在染色體的位置。
  6. Chromosome 5 is distinguished by a proximal knob.

    第5染色體的特點是有一個近側的節結。
  7. Homologues of era have been identified in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. there are two domains in era : the n - terminal gtp - binding domain and c - terminal rna binding kh domain. era plays an important role in cell cycle progression at a specific point in the cycle, after chromosome partitioning but before cytokinesis

    Era是在原核和真核生物以及植物中普遍存在的g蛋白，是一個結構上既具有gtp結合結構域又有rna結合結構域、不同於ras的獨特的新的g蛋白亞家族。
  8. A segment of the chromosome may become lost, resulting in a deletion.

    染色體的一個片段可能會丟失，結果產生染色體的缺失。
  9. Chromosome map ( genetic map ) a diagram showing the order of genes along a chromosome

    染色體圖譜（遺傳學圖譜） ：顯示染色體上基因順序的圖譜。
  10. Genetic map a map showing the sequence of particular genes or segments of dna on a chromosome

    遺傳圖譜（遺傳圖） ：是顯示染色體中特定基因或dna片段序列的圖譜。
  11. Locus ( pl. loci ) the position of a gene on a chromosome. alleles of the same gene occupy the equivalent locus on homologous chromosomes

    基因位點，基因座：基因在染色體上的位置。等位基因位於同源染色體相對應的位點上。
  12. Gene - a functional unit of heredity which is a segment of dna located in a specific site on a chromosome

    基因位於染色體特定部位代表遺傳功能單位的dna片斷。
  13. Tadashi shuibakawa, min - sheng hung, and masao washizu *, " laser - induced local decomposition of a chromosome and dna stretching by electroosmotic flow ", the 10th symposium on chemistry and micro - nano - system, takamatsu, japan, 25 - 26 november ( 2004 )

    洪敏勝* ，朱菀婷，郭婷勛，陳柏嘉，艾群， "細胞裂解與dna萃取之研究" ，第九屆奈米工程暨微系統技術研討會，臺南， 11月10 - 11日（ 2005 ）
  14. Ga is less prone to converge to a local optimum even when the initial guess is far away from the exact solution. in recent years, a growing number of researchers in the ga community turn to the study of real - coded genetic algorithm ( rga ) for its simplicity and efficiency, and the reason that a chromosome can be directly represented by real number

    然後引入全局優化的搜索方法?遺傳演算法，由於實數遺傳演算法直接用實數表示遺傳個體，而微波成像演算法就是要得出目標的形狀函數，形狀函數的系數既為待求的變量，具有連續搜索空間，因此本文直接採用實數遺傳演算法。
  15. Chromosome mutation a change in the number or arrangement of genes in a chromosome

    染色體突變：生物細胞中染色體數目的增減和結構的改變。
  16. Dc has two attractive characteristics : ( 1 ) dc can make genes in a chromosome keep good diversity. dc overcomes the evil of traditional crossovers, which cause gas get into prematurity. ( 2 ) dc well reduces algorithms " generations by guiding them to search in global optimal ' s neighborhood space

    通過對交叉運算元產生新個體的機理以及實際問題的特徵進行分析后，本文提出一種基於非等位基因交叉運算的錯位交叉運算元，該運算元的主要優點在於： （ 1 ）能夠使種群個體的基因值更加有效地保持多樣性，克服傳統交叉運算元下演算法易於陷入局部最優解的缺陷； （ 2 ）引導遺傳演算法在最優解鄰域內搜索，從而提高演算法的優化速度。
  17. The process by which such a sudden structural change occurs, either through an alteration in the nucleotide sequence of the dna coding for a gene or through a change in the physical arrangement of a chromosome

    突變，變種突變發生的過程，是通過基因的脫氧核糖核酸密碼的核苷酸順序的改變或者通過染色體內部的物理重新排列。
  18. The simple genetic algorithms, based on the darwinism of the survival of fittest by darwin, map the searched space as the genetic space. each solution is coded as a vector, called a chromosome or an individual, denoted as a bit strand. the global optimum result is obtained by the selection, variation and change of the bits

    基本遺傳演算法是基於達爾文的物競天擇、優勝劣汰、適者生存的自然選擇和自然遺傳機理，把搜索空間映射為遺傳空間，即把每一個可能的解編碼為一個向量，稱為一個染色體或個體，它表示為二進制串，再通過選擇、變異、交換操作達到全局最優的目的。
  19. An optimizing method based on biological evolution - genetic algorithm is proposed to the problem of the construction process planning analysis. adapting the successful experience of path optimization problem, improved genetic operators are adopted : the sequence of numbers, which is arranged by the removal order of members, is assumed to represent a chromosome by natural code ; transforming baseline information of this problem into immune operators ; combining rank - based model with elitist model ; designing special crossover and mutation operators. the mathematical model for computer and special programs are provided in this paper

    借鑒遺傳演算法在求解路徑優化問題上的成功經驗，應用了改進的遺傳運算元：採用自然數對結構去除構件進行編碼，將所求問題的基本信息轉換成免疫運算元，採用穩態最優保存策略和排序選擇方法相結合進行選擇，採用適用於本問題研究的特殊的交叉運算元和變異運算元，從而來討論在桁架結構施工路徑優化問題中使用遺傳演算法的可能性。
  20. Abstract : a problem resolution can be represented by a series of chromosomes in genetic algorithm ( ga ). in the evolving process of reproduction, crossoves and mutation to chromosomes, a chromosome which is fitter to the enviroment can be obtained as the resolution of the problem. the membership functions and control rules are optimized by using ga, the design and adjustment of fuzzy controller are also improved

    文摘:遺傳演算法是將問題的求解用染色體的形式表示，在其復制、交叉、變異的進化過程中收斂為一個最適應環境的染色體，即為問題的解.用遺傳演算法對模糊控制中的隸屬度函數進行編碼，確定適應度函數，作遺傳運算與微量調整，可實現對隸屬度函數及控制規則的優化，改善模糊控制器的性能
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