axial beam 中文意思是什麼

The shear mechanism, failure mode, deformation capacity, bearing capacity and the reliability of the anchored angle steels of the wrapped steel concrete cast - in - site frame typical story exterior joints under the middle and high axial compression ratio ( n = 0. 3, 0. 5, 0. 6 ), the working performance, failure mode, and the shear capacity of top story joints under the crack moment, the hysteresis characteristic and the dissipation energy capacity of the test joints are all analysed based on the 1 / 4 model pseudo - static tests of five specimens of wrapped steel concrete cast - in - site frame exterior joints, which varied in axial compression ratio, distribution of the beam angle steels and the stirrup ratio

基於上述分析，本次試驗通過五個外包鋼混凝土邊節點1 4比例模型的偽靜力試驗，以柱的軸壓比、梁角鋼布置形式、配箍率等為主要參數，分析外包鋼混凝土現澆框架一般層邊節點在中高軸壓比（ n = 0 . 3 、 0 . 5 、 0 . 6 ）條件下，節點的抗剪機理、破壞模式、變形能力、承載能力和角鋼錨固的可靠性；分析了頂層邊節點在張開彎矩作用下的工作性能、破壞模式和抗剪承載力；分析了試驗節點的滯回性能和耗能能力。

In this thesis, four types of steel beam - rectangular cfst column connections, including normal welded flange plate ( wfp ) connection, bolted flange plate ( bfp ) connection, stiffened end plate ( sep ) connection and double split - tee plate ( dst ) connection, were designed based on the configuration of steel frame connection. total 8 models, 2 models of each kind of connections were tested under low - reversed cyclic loading at the end of cfst columns. the relationships between force and displacement at the end of columns, the relationships between the moment and rotation of the joints, degradations of strength and stiffness, ductility, failure mechanism and failure characteristics of these four connections under different axial - compression ratios were presented

本文借鑒鋼框架節點構造，設計了四種類型矩形鋼管混凝土柱與鋼梁連接節點，包括常規栓焊（ wfp ）節點、翼緣全螺栓連接（ bfp ）節點、雙t板連接（ dst ）節點以及加勁端板連接（ sep ）節點，進行了四類節點8個模型試件在柱端低周反復荷載作用下的抗震性能試驗研究，比較了不同軸壓比下節點的滯回性能、強度與剛度退化、延性、破壞機理與破壞特徵，主要結論有： 1 、節點的位移滯回曲線與轉角滯回曲線為塊型分佈，沒有或略有捏攏現象，耗能能力強； 2 、軸壓比對節點滯回曲線有顯著影響，全部節點都有顯著的剛度退化； 3 、位移與轉角骨架曲線在峰值荷載後有較長的水平或下降段，具有良好的延性性能； 4 、從整體抗震性能上看，翼緣全螺栓連接節點、雙t板連接與加勁端板連接節點都優于常規栓焊節點，可在實際工程中加以推廣。

4. axial compressive ratio is advantageous to seismic behavior of staggered joints. it can improve joints first crashing loads, shear resistance capacity and reduce the sliding displacement of beam bars

軸壓比對節點的抗震性能有利，它可以提高節點的初裂荷載、抗剪承載力、減小節點中梁筋的粘結滑移量。

In theoretical analysis, the motion of radially - emitted electron beam in diode region and drift region has been analyzed, and the relation between radial momentum or current of electron beam and the guiding magnetic field has also been studied, then the possibility to optimize the guiding magnetic field has been derived. the motion of radially - emitted beam electrons in smooth bore magnetron and smooth bore milo has also been studied theoretically. at last, the motion of radially - emitted beam electrons in compound axial and azimuthal magnetic field has been studied

在理論分析中，初步分析了軸向發射條件下電子在二極體區域和漂移區的運動規律，電子徑向動量隨著外加磁場變化的規律，以及電子束電流隨著外加磁場的變化規律，還有二極體區域磁場優化的可能性;分別研究了有軸向磁場時以及有角向磁場時徑向發射的電子在光滑陽極結構中的運動規律，最後分析了在軸向和角向復合磁場中電子的運動規律。

According to the guidline, two nd : yag lasers have been designed and set up, one is end - pumped by lower output power ld using a selfoc micro lens, and the other is end - pumped by high output power ld using a pair of lenses are designed, and the characteristics such as output power and power stabilization of both solid - state lasers are investigated. thirdly, when an empty liquid crystal cell is inserted in the cavity of the nd : yag laser pumped by high power ld, the laser can operates in single axial mode. finally, according to the relationship between the laser output power and the longnitudinal a ld - end - pumped nd : yag laser sensor for displacement measurement has been investigated theoretically and demonstrated experimently, the results indicate that when the mean radius of pumping inside the laser cavity is far less than that of the oscilating laser mode, the exponential of the output power is a gauss function of the longitudinal positon of focused spot of ld pumping beam, both the measurement range and the sensitivity are dependent on the incident pumping power, as the incident pumping power is increased, the measurement range is enlarged and the sensitivity is improve d

本文首先介紹了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的發展狀況、主要特性及其應用，從四能級速率方程出發，推導了ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器的閾值、輸出功率和斜效率的表達式，並簡述了激光器的工作原理、結構型式和倍頻方法；其次，以空間相關的速率方程為基礎，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光器的設計方法，給出了一定泵浦耦合方式下，振蕩光模尺寸、最佳輸出耦合率、泵浦光模尺寸、泵浦光焦斑位置等參數的選取依據，以此為依據，設計了自聚焦透鏡耦合小功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器和透鏡組耦合高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光器，對激光器的輸出功率和功率穩定性等特性進行了實驗研究；再次，在帶尾纖輸出的高功率ld泵浦nd ： yag激光腔內插入一隻空液晶盒，觀察到了激光器以單縱模運轉；最後，根據泵浦光焦斑端面位置對激光輸出功率的影響規律，提出了ld端面泵浦nd ： yag激光位移傳感新方法，並進行了理論和實驗研究，研究結果表明：當激光晶體內泵浦光平均光斑半徑遠小於振西安理工大學碩士學位論文蕩光束腰半徑時，激光輸出功率的自然指數與泵浦光焦斑的縱向位置成高斯變化規律，測量范圍和靈敏度依賴于泵浦功率，隨著泵浦功率的增加，測量范圍擴大，靈敏度提高，當端面泵浦功率為7 . 24w （最大輸出功率為1 . 926w ）時，激光位移傳感器的測量范圍和靈敏度分別是13 . 045mm和0 . 148mw / pm 。

When the axial speed varies harmonically about a constant mean one, the method of multiple scales is applied to the axially moving beam to determine the instability boundary due to parametric resonance

當軸向運動速度在其常平均值附近作簡諧波動時，應用多尺度法給出軸向變速運動梁參數共振時的不穩定條件。

Then an thorough computer modeling using finite element program with material, geometry and state triple - nonlinear taken into account is carried out on a series of influencing factors, such as comparison with npn - beam splice connection, comparison of varies designed theories, and the varying of fraction coefficient, diameter, grade, pretension and arrangement of bolts, thickness of web and flanges of beam and column, splicing location, axial loading on column, etc. lots of useful conclusions are drawn form computer modelling. finally, design and construction suggestions are given out. this study fills the black in the field of steel beam - to - column connection with cantilever beam high - strength bolted - splicing at both home and abroad

然後，本文在考慮材料、幾何和狀態三重非線性的基礎上，對該連接形式進行了全面的計算機模擬，主要考慮了帶懸臂梁段全螺栓拼接的樑柱連接節點與無拼接的樑柱連接及翼緣對接焊接腹板拼接的連接節點的對比，各種設計方法之間的對比，以及翼緣拼接和腹板拼接的螺栓間距、直徑和數量，拼接點與梁端之間的距離，梁和柱的翼緣、腹板厚度，柱的軸力，接觸面的摩擦系數，翼緣和腹板拼接板的厚度等因素的影響。

The difference between axial compressive capacity of beam - column joints and that of columns is introduced when joints are strengthened by various measures. influence of shapes, spiral hoops and ratio of beam depth to side dimension of square column upon axial compressive capacity of beam - column joints is discussed. then economy and security of the relative article in current code are demonstrated and the design recommendations of beam - column joints are given

本文通過6個不同強度等級混凝土樑柱節點試驗，了解在不同的加強措施情況下，節點區的軸心抗壓承載力與柱的理論軸心抗壓承載力的差異，探討了角鋼、螺旋箍筋及梁高與柱截面尺寸的比值h c對節點區軸心抗壓承載性能的影響，驗證了我國現行規范有關條款的安全性和經濟性，並且在此基礎上，為不同強度等級混凝土樑柱節點的設計提出了相關建議。

In addition to pic method, the numerical computation method is used as a compensation for the study of the characteristics of electron beam. the two methods are used separately to attain the trajectory of axially - emitted electron beam in diode region and drift region, and the trajectory of radially - emitted electron beam with axial, azimuthal, as well as compounded axial and azimuthal magnetic field. three two - dimensional codes and two three - dimensional codes have been made out to compute the trajectories

本文特點之一就是採用粒子模擬和數值計算相結合的方法進行模擬計算，分別得到了軸向發射條件下電子在二極體區域和漂移區的軌跡，徑向發射條件下電子在角向磁場、軸向磁場、角向和軸向復合磁場中電子的運動軌跡，分別編制了三個二維電子軌跡計算程序和兩個三維電子軌跡計算程序，最後將粒子模擬和數值計算得到的結果進行了對比，得到了較為滿意的結果。

In contrast, the axial beam continues to build as it bounces back and forth across the active medium.

相反，軸向光束則隨著往復穿過激活媒質而不斷加強。

In this part, it is also found that the equivalent prismatic column, which is obtained based on the equal elastic critical load as the non - prismatic member, is not actually equivalent to the tapered column in inelastic stability, and the latter has higher load carrying capacity. finally, the behavior of tapered beam - column acted by combined axial load and transverse load has been investigated. a bending - thrust interaction curve is established which is similar to the ones for the design of prismatic members

三是研究了楔形變截面懸臂構件在大端固定，小端同時承受橫向及軸向荷載共同作用下的強度和彎矩平面內的穩定，同時參考等截面構件的設計公式，得到了用大端截面來表示的軸力p與彎矩m的之間的相關關系。

In order to predict high - strength bolts pretension and contact - friction in contact zone, status nonlinear in contact zone is adopted in fem model. the computation and analysis on the behavior of beam - to - column rigidity joints subjected to constant axial pressure on the top of column and cyclical load at tip of beam is carried out

實體模型的建立，考慮了接觸區的狀態非線性，以模擬高強螺栓的預拉力、螺栓連接區的摩擦接觸，對承受軸力的樑柱剛性連接方式在循環荷載作用下的滯回性能進行了計算分析。

Analysis on the axial trapping force of the laser micro - beam

激光微束軸向光阱力分析

It is found that the electron beam may approach ideal bunching. high power microwave pulses with tunable frequency can be generated by post - accelerating the electron beam and carefully designing the extraction cavity. in terms of the pic simulation, the output power of 1. 25gw at 2. 2ghz and 480mw at 4. 4ghz in axial acceletron have been obtained

用增加中間腔的辦法，大大提高了前兩階諧波電流分量，數值計算結果表明，其中一階諧波電流調制系數達到了140 ，二階諧波電流調制系數達到了68 ，通過改變提取腔的設計，可選擇不同頻率的輸出，其一次諧波頻率為2 . 2ghz ，輸出功率為1 . 25gw ，效率為9 . 33 ，二次諧波頻率為4 . 4ghz時，輸出功率為0 . 48gw ，效率為3 . 6 。

The results showed that the processing parameters ( such as laser power, the diameter of laser, scanning speed of laser beam, ratio of overlapping ) are important to acquire a perfect component. furthermore, in order to assure geometric properties ( accuracy, surface finish ), the structure of the off - axial powder nozzle was improved to avoid the oxidation of the molten pool. the density metal test sample of rene95 high - temperature alloy was made by lsf through optimizing the processing parameters

本文對激光立體成形的工藝特性進行了深入系統的研究，發現如果要獲得理想的成形效果，就必須對成形過程中的工藝參數進行精密控制，例如激光功率、激光光斑大小、光束掃描速度、搭接率等；同時為了保證成形件有較高的尺寸精度和表面質量，必須對成形零件的氧化問題進行控制，通過改進側向送粉噴嘴的結構設計，成形件的表面氧化問題得到適度控制。

The natural frequency of transverse vibration in axial load of simply supported beam

軸向載荷作用下簡支梁橫向振動的固有頻率

Relativistic back wave oscillator ( rbwo ) with a coaxial structure has a big power capacity of system. with large radius electron beam to decrease the space charge effects without usage of high current, hence the rbwo can work well at a lower axial guide magnetic field

同軸返波管具有很大的功率容量，可以採用大半徑電子注，在工作電流不變的情況下空間電荷效應大幅度降低，因而可工作在低磁場狀態。

Based on the fiber element method, parametric analysis was performed on the behaviors of moment - curvature and lateral load - lateral displacement relationships for the composite beam - columns. the selected parameters were the axial load level, slenderness ratio, steel ratio, strength of the materials, etc. finally, simplified models for the moment - curvature and the lateral load - lateral displacement hysteretic relationships, as well as simplified formula for calculating ductility coefficient were suggested

用纖維模型法系統地分析了軸壓比、長細比、截面含鋼率、鋼材和混凝土強度等參數對m -和p -滯回曲線骨架線的影響規律，提出了壓彎構件m - 、 p -滯回關系模型及延性系數的確定方法。

As far as he hollow inclined column - wall transfer r. c joint is concerned, the stress state of transfer beam is very critical, because it bears not only the vertical load transferred from the wall, but also the axial load initiated by the inclined column

對有孔斜柱轉換節點而言，轉換梁的受力最為不利，它不僅承擔由薄壁柱傳來的垂直荷載，而且還承擔由斜柱水平分力引起的軸向拉力，即截面上有彎矩、剪力和軸力的共同作用。

Analysis and repair of beam crevices caused by neglected axial pull

某磚混底框結構框架梁的裂縫成因分析及處理