basic court 中文意思是什麼
basic court
解釋
初級法院, 地方法院-
Firstly, some basic concepts are not clear, such as what is the status of the company under liquidation, how to define the action of the industrial - commercial authority ' s invalidation of the license of the company, whether or not the share holders can sue to disincorporate the company, is it legal to dissolve a company without liquidation, what is special liquidation, under what situation will a company be obliged to disincorporate, who will be responsible for liquidation after the dis incorporation, etc. secondly, some primary legislative principles about disincorporation and liquidation that are adopted in foreign countries are not established in china, such as a company must be liquidated before disincorporation except for acquisition, the company remains valid during the liquidation until it finishes the invalidation registration, an ordinary liquidation must be replaced by a special liquidation under the instruction of the court when there is an impediment or a fraud, the company should apply to the court for bankruptcy when it is found that its debt is over its asset during the liquidation, the number of people execute liquidation can be several or just one, companies applied for annulment shall be judged by the court and must be liquidated, etc. thirdly, china does n ' t have some of the fundamental rules that are specified in the laws of foreign countries, such as the rule of disincorporation registration, the rule that the company should sue to let the court judge for disincorporation if there is a deadlock between share holders, the rule of credit trade - off in special liquidation, the rule that people who execute the liquidation are jointly responsible for compensating the loss of the third party caused by their activities that are illegal or vicious, the rule of special liquidation, the rule of the representation of the people who execute the liquidation, the rule of the court supervising the liquidation in an inactive way, the rule of how long the accounts and documents should be kept after disincorporation, etc. because of the lack in research and legislation, the system for companies leaving the market is highly disorganized, which harmed the interest of the creditors and relevant people, increased the risk of market exchange, damaged the order of the market economy and the ethic of doing business, wasted the resources of the society, and impaired the authority and seriousness of the law
再次，國外立法上的一些基本制度我國沒有，如解散登記制度，股東出現僵局訴請法院判決解散制度，特別清算中的債權協定製度，清算人因違法或惡意對第三人承擔連帶賠償責任制度，司法特別清算制度，清算人的代表性制度，法院消極監督清算制度，帳薄及文件在公司解散后保存法定期限制度等。由於理論研究和立法的不足，造成了我國公司法人退出市場機制的嚴重混亂，損害了債權人和利害關系人的利益，增加了市場主體交易不安全感，破壞了市場經濟秩序和商業道德，浪費了社會資源，削弱了法律的權威性和嚴肅性。文章認為，完善我國公司解散和清算制度，應借鑒和引進發達國家的法學理論和法律制度，統一我國有關解散和清算立法，在基本概念、基本原則、基本制度、基本程序諸方面進行統一規范，填補立法空白，創設法院解散公司制度，廢除行政特別清算制度代之以司法特別清算制度，健全和嚴格違反清算規定的法律責任制度（包括民事責任，刑事責任，行政責任，改變現行行政處罰范圍偏廣，民事賠償范圍偏窄，刑事追究空白太多的不協調狀況） ，從而構築起科學的公司解散和清算制度，使之符合我國經濟生活的客觀需求，符合市場經濟發展的基本方向，並與國外立法通例趨同。 -
Concerns about the ultimate authority of hong kong s highest court over the long term lingered over possible re - use of a mechanism, employed by the hong kong government in 1999 in the " right of abode " case, that brought about an ex post facto reinterpretation of the basic law by the national people s congress standing committee
由於人們擔心香港政府1999年在「居留權」一案中採用的導致全國人民代表大會常務委員會對基本法做出事後重新解釋的機制今後有可能被重新採用，因此存在著對香港終審法院能否長期保持最高權威的擔憂。 -
According to the information concerned, the analogous structure were adopted on the alamilo bridge in sevilla, spain and on the curved cable - stayed bridge on golf court in xiaoye city, bingbu country, japan. at present, this kind of structure has not utilized all over the country yet. nanjing, the region of basic seismic intensity 7, is an unfavorable site for anti - earthquake in terms of geological conditions according to seismic code for buildings
但是，主塔屬于傾斜高聳結構，拱屬于柔性拱結構，索屬于特殊懸索結構，經檢索了解，西班牙sevilla的alamilo橋和日本兵庫縣小野市內高爾夫球場上的曲線斜拉橋採用過類似結構，國內目前尚未有此形態的結構記載，南京地區地震基本烈度為七度，地質條件按照建築抗震設計規范之規定，屬對抗震不利地段。 -
The turnaround of american tort law from traditional to modern embodied the trend from restricting tortuous liability to expanding. the basic reason of the trend was the transformation of economy and society in the advent of 20th century. at that time, the appeal court of new york became the pioneer in the innovation of american tort law by its eminent economic status and relatively exoteric judicial tradition. on the basis of refuting the formalism legal thought, cardozo carried on and develop the realistic legal thought of holmes and pound. meanwhile, he took full advantage of this practical legal thought in the field of american tort law
美國的侵權行為法由傳統向現代的轉向體現為從限制侵權責任到擴大侵權責任的趨勢，而這一趨勢的產生又是以19世紀末20世紀初美國經濟和社會的轉型為根本動因的。 20世紀初，紐約上訴法院以其顯赫的經濟地位、相對開放的司法傳統，而成為美國侵權行為法變革的先導。在批判形式主義法律思想的基礎上，卡多佐繼承和發展了霍姆斯、龐德等人的現實主義法律思想，並將這種務實的法律思想充分體現在了侵權行為法領域的實踐和創新中。 -
To restructure the basic principles of the civil mediation system, perfect the procedural rules, truly implement principles of self - willingness and judgement authority, so as to restore the original requirements of a mediation system. to implement a policy of limited case review, so as to maintain the effect of the mediation agreement, and the authority of a court mediation. meanwhile, to give the litigants certain subsidy rights, so as to achieve a balance between the litigation interests and private law interests
要重新構建民事訴訟模式，完善民事訴訟證據規則，固定法官的中立角色，減少調解過程中的強制；要建立多元化的替代性糾紛解決機制，使民事訴訟調解制度更具系統化；要重構民事調解制度的基本原則，完善程序性規定，落實自願原則和處分權原則，還調解制度本來的要求；要實行有限再審，維護調解協議的效力和法院調解的權威，同時，給予當事人一定的救濟權利，實現訴訟利益和私法利益的平衡。 -
Records of court judgments relating to the basic law
有關基本法的法院判詞 -
Basic people ' s court president
基層人民法院院長 -
A people ' s tribunal is a component part of the basic people ' s court ， and its judgments and orders are judgments and orders of the basic people ' s courts
人民法庭是基層人民法院的組成部分，它的判決和裁定就是基層人民法院的判決和裁定。 -
Where an enterprise or institution delays or refuses to allocate the contribution to the trade union without reasonable reasons, the basic - level trade union or the trade union at a higher level may send letter for payment and order to pay within fixed term ; if refuse to do so, it shall be applied to the local people ' s court for an order for payment ; if it refuses to obey the order, the trade union may, in accordance with law, apply to the people ' s court for compulsory enforcement
第三十條企業、事業單位和其他組織無正當理由拖延或者拒不撥繳工會經費的，基層工會或者上級工會可以向其發出催繳通知，限期繳納；逾期仍不繳納的，可以向人民法院申請支付令；拒不執行支付令的，可以依法申請人民法院強制執行。 -
When even an ordinary lawyer would refrain from detailed comment to avoid any impression he or she was trying to influence the court, how can an authoritative body such as the basic law committee behave with less self - restraint
任何律師都應該避免對審理中的案件發表過于詳盡的意見，免被誤以為企圖影響法庭的裁決。但是，作為一個具權威性的機構-基本法委員會-卻明知故犯缺乏自製。 -
If and when the appeal went to the court of final appeal, that court might take the same view as the basic law committee or it might not
如果整件事上訴至終審法院，無論最終判決如何，都會對市民帶來極大的困擾和對司法獨立失去信心。 -
Rule of law has continued to prevail in hong kong under the common law system dating from colonial days and as prescribed by the basic law. from district courts up to the court of final appeal - - hong kong s ultimate adjudication body - - justice is meted out fairly, and is seen to be fair
香港實行源於殖民時期和被基本法確定的普通法體系，繼續是法治當家。從地區法院到終審法院，即香港最高司法機構，都做到司法公正，並且具有公平形像。 -
Article 21 except for cases otherwise provided for by laws or decrees ， a basic people ' s court adjudicates criminal and civil cases of first instance
第二十一條基層人民法院審判刑事和民事的第一審案件，但是法律、法令另有規定的案件除外。 -
Ming dynasty, sliced bread district court has not yet fully formed, sliced bread, the family village level interaction model that in the dynasty years in sales growth period, basic to court, sliced bread secondary form of interactive campaign to qing dynasty " hong dry time " period before a fill scale and rapid into court with the family of the village of interaction between secondary mode
明朝時，土司區尚未完全形成朝廷、土司、家族村社三級互動模式，這種模式在明洪武年間處于發育期，基本以朝廷、土司的二級互動形式進行運動，到清朝「康乾盛世」時期才形成蔚為大觀的規模，並迅速轉化為朝廷與家族村社之間二級互動模式。 -
The prosecutor ' s proposing power in the judge ' s discretion in sentencing ( " proposing power " ) means the public prosecutor on behalf of the people ' s procuratorate based upon the facts and circumstance of the crime that the dependant commits, nature of the crime and the degree of endangering society, makes suggestion to the people ' s court regarding the criminal penalty that may be imposed on the dependant, the term of penalty, pecuniary fine and whether the probation shall be applicable ate. as a system innovation that basic people ' s procuratorate has made in the judicial practice, there are some question needed to be clarified in theory in the system of public prosecutor ' s proposing in the judge ' s discretion in sentencing
量刑建議權是指公訴人在出庭支持公訴過程中，根據被告人的犯罪事實、犯罪情節、性質和社會危害程度代表人民檢察院建議人民法院對被告人處以某一特定的刑罰、刑期、罰金以及是否應緩期執行等方面提出具體意見的權力。作為一種基層人民檢察機關在司法實踐中的制度創新，量刑建議制度在理論上存在著一些需要澄清的問題，本文在綜合各方觀點的基礎上，擬對量刑建議制度系統闡述。 -
The court of final appeal has determined that the npcsc s power of interpretation applies to any provision in the basic law ; that it can be exercised on the initiative of the npcsc ; and that any interpretation of the basic law by the npcsc is binding on hong kong courts
此外，終審法院已作出決定，表示人大常委的法律解釋權是適用於《基本法》任何條款；人大常委可主動行使這權力，以及人大常委就《基本法》作出的任何解釋對香港法院具約束力。 -
The basic idea of rbac is adopted in the development of yuxi court case management information system ( yx - ccmis, for short ), in which the author has been involved ; and the system thus developed has satisfied basic requirements of practical application and been operational since
作者參加開發的雲南玉溪法院案件管理信息系統（以下簡稱「玉溪法院系統」 ）訪問控制的設計採用了rbac的基本思想，達到了預期的目標。 -
It carries the basic function of finding out the pleading and replying, comprehending the case, knowing the condition well in order to make the civil case fit for opening a court session
它以發現事實、收集證據為核心，履行著「查清雙方當事人的請求和答辯，了解案件事實，熟悉情況，為開庭審理準備案件」的基本職能。 -
It is safe to say that the basic court is the base on which chinese court system forms, and the functional quality of the latter is directly decided by the functional reality of the former. so positive research on the basic court system in china is of both theoretical and practical importance
基層法院是我國法院體制的基礎，其運行狀況直接決定著我國法院體制的品質，因此，對我國基層法院制度進行實證研究，具有重要的理論意義和現實意義。 -
This means the basic court can be regarded as the base on which people ' s judicial system in china forms, the premise of implementing the strategy of ruling by law, the frontier in realization of civilian ' s legal rights and interests, and as the cornerstone on which substantial social justice and fairness fullfill
在此意義上，可以認為基層法院是我國人民司法體制的基礎，是推進依法治國方略的前提，是實現公民合法權益的前沿，進而也是保障全社會實現公平和正義的基石。
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