borrowing risks 中文意思是什麼
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Prior to the crisis, the banking systems were often inadequately supervised and were prone to incurring excessive maturity mismatch risks by borrowing short - term funds to finance long - term investments
在危機爆發前，銀行體系往往監管不足，而且因為以短期借貸來提供長期投資所需資金，所以也很容易引致過量的期限錯配風險。 -
Chapter 2 puts forward the internal control system framework and its core arguments through borrowing and initiating present achievements. it claims that the nature of the internal control for securities firms should be determined as one type of inherent system, distinguished from external control, that the management objectives of internal control system for securities firms include : security business objectives ( core objectives ), security operational environment objectives ( basic objectives ), security operational information objectives ( conditional objectives ) ; according to the management objectives, the internal control system for securities firms is divided into security business subsystem, security operational environment subsystem, and security operational information subsystem. the control objectives of internal control system for securities firms refers to guard against and eliminate the certain risks that the securities firms faced at the process of achieving management objectives with reasonable assurance
主要內容是:證券公司內部控制的性質應確定為區別于外部控制的一種內在系統;證券公司內部控制系統所要服務的管理目標主要有證券經營業務目標（核心目標） 、證券經營環境目標（基礎性目標） 、證券經營信息目標（條件性目標） ;按照管理目標，可以將證券公司內部控制系統分為證券經營業務控制、證券經營環境控制、證券經營信息控制三大子系統;證券公司內部控制系統自身的控制目標是要合理地保證管理目標實現過程中面臨的特定風險得到防範和化解;證券公司內部控制系統的控制要素包括控制環境（基礎性要素） 、控制目標（起點性要素） 、風險識別（樞紐性要素） 、控制活動（核心要素） 、信息與溝通（條件性要素） 、監控（修正性要素） 。 -
Borrowing enterprises will take advantage of asymmetric information for their own benefit and pass the risks to banks, causing a great deal of bad loans in banks. one of the reasons that caused bad debts for banks is the imperfect corporate governance
在銀企關系中，借款方對自身信息的擁有量總是大於貸款方，借款企業會利用信息優勢為自己謀取利益而把風險轉嫁給銀行，導致的結果是銀行大量不良貸款的產生。
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