bottom friction 中文意思是什麼
bottom friction
解釋
底部摩擦；海底摩擦力-
Hot air cnters into stirring and crushing and drying chamber from the bottom of drier with suitable atomizing speed. it exerts strong shearing, blowing, floating and rotating effect to raw material. therefore raw material is granulated through centrifuge, shearing, impacting and friction effect
熱空氣由入口管以適宜的進風速度從乾燥機底部旋轉進入攪拌粉碎乾燥室，對物料產生強烈的剪切、吹浮、旋轉作用。 -
Based on the results of vertical static loading test and stress test for longhole bored pile in loess foundation, by analysing the transferring law of axial force and the action of lateral friction resistance and bottom resistance, the paper discusses the influences of two types of holing technology on bearing capacity behavior
本文通過黃土地基中旋挖鉆孔灌注長樁和泥漿護壁鉆孔灌注長樁靜載荷試驗和樁身應力的測試，分析了黃土地基中兩種成孔工藝鉆孔灌注長樁樁身軸力的傳遞規律、樁側阻力及樁端阻力的發揮性狀，探討了兩種成孔工藝對鉆孔灌注長樁承載力的影響。 -
The nonlinear interation induced tidal period and water level fluctuation obviously. the bottom friction effect is direct ratio to the bottom friction coefficient. the bottom friction effect reduces the set up water level, and minish the set up
非線性效應是造成風暴潮增水水位明顯波動的原因，底摩擦效應對潮位的貢獻與底摩擦系數成正比，底摩擦效應使增水水位降低，減小了增水的幅度。 -
The experiments show that the bearing capacity of super - long and large - diameter bored piles is mainly contributed by side friction, especially by their upper and middle parts, even under the bearing limitation, the ratio of base resistance to the total load is very low because of the soil residue at the bottom of piles, so this type of piles is friction ones
試驗表明:即使在極限荷載下，超長樁的豎向承載力仍主要由樁側摩阻力提供，且主要集中在樁的中上段，下段摩阻力很小，樁的端阻力由於樁底沉渣的影響也難以發揮出來，所以超長樁為典型的摩擦樁。 -
For outside use, choose those of rough and friction - resistance bottom lines to avoid slip : for home use, better smooth lines
12室外需要粗且耐磨耗的鞋底紋設計，不易滑溜的，室內鞋則需要較平整鞋底紋。 -
In this paper, based on summarizing previous numerical studies on wave transformations, several works are documented : based on the mass conservation equation and euler ' s equation, the extended form of boussinesq equations is derived by using the velocity at an arbitrary water depth as the independent variable, and several terms are added into governing equations to model the effects of bottom friction, wave breaking and subgrid turbulent mixing
本文在總結概述前人關于boussinesq方程波浪數學模型研究進展的基礎上，主要做了以下幾點工作：從質量守恆方程和euler方程出發，以某一水層處水平速度矢量作為獨立變量，推導出包含底摩擦耗能、波浪破碎效應和子網格湍流效應的改進型boussinesq方程。 -
Based on the nonlinear parabolic approximate wave reflection - diffraction equation of mild slope, a model of wave propagation on a fan - shaped coordinate is put forward considering winds, bottom friction and wave breaking, etc. the existing calculation shows that the model can be employed to determine wave fields in large water areas
接著以非線性的拋物型近似波浪緩坡方程為基礎，提出了扇形坐標下的波浪傳播模型，模型包括了風、底摩阻、波浪破碎等因素的影響，可以用於大水域的波浪場的確定；文章最後介紹了一些計算算例。 -
As the values of wave factors in period of reoccurrence were deduced for many significant propagating direction in the yangtse river estuary, the wave reflection - refraction modeling is employed in terms of the equations with the slowly varying topography, and the influence on the effects of the channel and shoaling is included in this model. at the same times, the effects of the bottom friction and wave breaking are also considered, but the local wind field and background flow are ignored
在推算長江口深水航道幾個主要波向的重現期波浪要素值時，採用了基於緩坡方程的波浪折射?繞射模式，該模式考慮了航槽和淺灘對波浪的影響，同時也考慮了底摩擦和波浪破碎對波浪的作用，但未能考慮局地風場和流場的作用。 -
The effect of wave radiation stress is considered in the compound fluid model. the value of bottom friction is offered by the wave - current bottom boundary layer model
復合流場學模型中考慮了波浪輻射應力的作用，底摩擦由波?流相互作用邊界層模型提供。 -
The effects of waves transformation, refraction, diffration, reflection and breaking are all due to the depth of water, varying topography, bottom friction, obstacles and current as waves proceed from offshore to near shore regions. some basic parameters which are relevant to the cost of buildings as well as the type of structures are determined by the wave factors since these projects are placed in near shore area, so it is of great importance to study the regularity of wave transforming
外海波浪傳入近岸淺水區受水深、地形、底摩擦、障礙物以及水流等因素的影響，會發生變形、折射、繞射、反射和破碎等各種現象，然而大部分海洋及海岸工程位於近岸地區，該地區的波浪要素將是確定工程造價、建築物型式等最基本的參數，因此研究近岸地區波浪的變化規律具有重要意義。 -
Wave off into shallow waters, seabed by the friction effect change steep wave front, trough ice, water points trajectory showed reciprocating flow, but also to the shore into the flow speed usually return rate greater than offshore, the net result of sediment at the bottom to the shore handling, and was the shock waves on the shore with the water current - riviera online accumulation
外海波浪傳入近岸淺水區，受到海底的摩擦作用，波鋒變陡、波谷變緩，水質點運動軌跡呈現往復流動，而且向岸進流速度通常大於離岸迴流速度，導致底部泥沙凈向岸搬運，並被激岸浪的上沖水流帶至海濱線上堆積。 -
The resistance of navigating vessel would be cut down and lead to the purpose of improving the velocity or decreasing the power of main engine while maintaining the velocity, if the technology of reducing the friction by microbubbles jetted from the bottom of vessels, which makes the water close to the vessel ' s bottom become the mixture or water and microbubbles and form a thin gas layer, could be applied in ships
如果把微氣泡減阻技術應用到船舶上，在船舶底部噴射微氣泡，使與船舶底部接觸的水變成水與微氣泡的混合液，形成一薄層氣膜緊貼在船底表面，就可以達到提高航速或航速不變減小主機功率的節能目的。 -
An extended hyperbolic mild - slope equation, which can take such terms as wind input, bottom friction and nonlinearity of wave into account, here has been deduced into a parabolic one in the form of a series of governing equations described with complex amplitude. it became a complete wave model when integrated with corresponding physical and imaginary ( open ) boundaries, and can be solved through the improved crank - nicholson or the well known alternating direction implicit ( adi ) difference method, both of which can accelerate the convergent speed, expand limitation of the mathematical method and improve the quality of the solution
本文基於綜合考慮底摩阻、風能輸入及非線性影響的推廣雙曲型緩坡方程，將其進行轉換，產生一個演變方程，其復振幅控制方程為拋物線性，並採用adi差分格式、改進的crank - nicholson格式及相應的物理和虛擬（開）邊界條件進行求解，以提高數值模擬的適用性、數值計算的穩定性、收斂速度及精度。 -
Estimation of bottom friction coefficient for a 2 - d nonlinear tidal model of the bohai sea by the adjoint method
利用伴隨同化方法估計渤海潮汐模式的底摩擦系數 -
Based on the simulation of the m2 tide in the bohai, yellow and east china seas, numerical experiments are made to study 4 strategies on the bottom friction coefficient ( bfc ) in a numerical adjoint model
摘要使用伴隨同化方法探討了四種底摩擦系數處理方法並模擬了渤黃東海的m2分潮。 -
( 2 ) on the basis of geddes method, the distribution characteristic of friction surrounding pile of composite foundation is showed as small in top and bottom and big in middle according to measured results, the calculation formula of the top surface of stratum additional stress has been deduced by using mindlin and boussinesq solution, settlement calculation method is brought forth simultaneously
（ 2 ）在geddes法的基礎上，根據實測復合地基樁側摩阻力呈上下小中間大的分佈特點，利用mindlin解和boussinesq解導出了作用於下臥土層頂面附加應力計算公式，並同時提出了長短樁復合地基沉降計算方法。 -
The numerical simulations are consisted of two parts : the first is to simulate the friction reduction by microbubbles on a flat plate ; the second is to simulate initially the friction reduction on the approximated ship model with the flat bottom
本文對微氣泡減小表面摩擦阻力的現象進行了數值計算。數值模擬分成兩個部分：第一部分是平板微氣泡減阻的數值模擬；第二部分是平底近似船模數值模擬的初探。
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