boundary cost 中文意思是什麼
boundary cost
解釋
邊界成本-
From roundwood reservoir in county wicklow of a cubic capacity of 2, 400 million gallons, percolating through a subterranean aqueduct of filter mains of single and double pipeage constructed at an initial plant cost of 5 per linear yard by way of the dargle, rathdown, glen of the downs and callowhill to the 26 acre reservoir at stillorgan, a distance of 22 statute miles, and thence, through a system of relieving tanks, by a gradient of 250 feet to the city boundary at eustace bridge, upper leeson street, though from prolonged summer drouth and daily supply of 12 1 2 million gallons the water had fallen below the sill of the overflow weir for which reason the borough surveyor and waterworks engineer, mr spencer harty, c. e., on the instructions of the waterworks committee, had prohibited the use of municipal water for purposes other than those of consumption envisaging the possibility of recourse being had to the importable water of the grand and royal canals as in 1893 particularly as the south dublin guardians, notwithstanding their ration of 15 gallons per day per pauper supplied through a 6 inch meter, had been convicted of a wastage of 20, 000 gallons per night by a reading of their meter on the affirmation of the law agent of the corporation, mr ignatius rice, solicitor, thereby acting to the detriment of another section of the public, selfsupporting taxpayers, solvent, sound
但是由於夏季久旱，再加上每天供水一千二百五十萬加侖，水位已降到低於排水口。都市監察官兼水道局技官土木工程師斯潘塞哈蒂奉水道局的指示鑒于有可能會像一八九三年那樣被迫利用大運河和皇家運河那不宜飲用的水，除了飲用外，下令一律禁止使用市裡供應的自來水。尤其是南都柏林濟貧院，盡管限定用六英寸的計量器，每個貧民每日配給十五加侖水，然而在市政府法律顧問辯護律師伊格內修斯賴斯的監督下，經查表證實，每夜要浪費兩萬加侖水，從而使院外的社會各階層也就是自費並有支付能力的納稅者們蒙受損害。 -
Applying the results to optimal controller to realize the minimizer of the cost function of mkdv - burgers equation under neumann and dirichlet boundary control. secondly, using inertial manifold and approximate inertial manifold theory, the approximate inertial manifold under fourier bases is given and we construct a set of odes of three modes to obtain the long - time dynamic behavior
其次，利用慣性流形和近似慣性流形理論，給出mkdv - burgers方程在fourier基下的近似慣性流形，並且把這一方程所確定的無窮維動力系統約化為一組三模態下的常微分方程組，從而研究這一方程所確定的動力系統的長期動力學行為。 -
Some good characteristics of bem are lost as a significant cost ; the contact boundary conditions can not be satisfied on whole boundary, even in the sense of discretization
付出的代價是喪失了邊界元法原有的一些優良特性，接觸邊界條件在離散意義下也不能再在整個邊界單元上精確滿足。 -
The numerical algorithm of solving the adjoint equations for different design cases have been developed by using finite volume methodology which is usually used to solve the flow governed equation. it includes the some important aspects, such as flux formulation, wall and far - field boundary treatment methodology, dissipative term formulation, etc. after the solution of the adjoint equations is obtained, the derivatives of the cost function with respect to all the design variables can be evaluated with the same operation. this can yields a significant saving over the other gradient - based techniques when there are many design variables
（ 3 ）進行了應用控制理論和三維歐拉方程的機翼氣動反設計研究，以及有升力約束情形下機翼跨音速減阻問題研究，分別推導了相應的共軛方程及邊界條件數學表達形式，研究與發展了三維共軛方程的有限體積數值求解方法，及相應梯度公式的數值求解方法，通過對計算網格生成、流場計算、共軛方程數值求解、梯度求解和優化演算法等多方面的有效結合，成功發展了三維機翼的氣動反設計和跨音速減阻優化設計程序，成功地進行了多個設計算例研究。 -
But as the volume of sales is less than the boundary point, the utilization of the period cost and the interest will reduce the wavy degrees of business income
但是當銷售量小於分界點時，期間成本、債息的應用將會降低企業收益的波動程度。 -
Fc approved a commitment to upgrade part of 6gb to category a at an estimated cost of $ 104. 1 million in mod prices for the employment of consultants to carry out site investigation, schematic proposal, detailed design, contract documentation, environmental impact assessment and drainage impact assessment for the proposed expansion of kiosks and other facilities at lmc boundary crossing
財務委員會批準開立承擔額，把6gb號工程計劃的一部分提升為甲級；按付款當日價格計算，估計費用為1億410萬元，用以委聘顧問就建議擴建落馬洲跨界通道檢查亭及其他設施的計劃進行地盤勘測工作、制訂建議計劃大綱、進行詳細設計、擬備合約文件，以及進行環境影響評估和排水影響評估。 -
Pwsc endorsed a commitment to upgrade part of 6gb to category a at an estimated cost of $ 104. 1 million in money - of - the - day ( mod ) prices for the employment of consultants to carry out site investigation, schematic proposal, detailed design, contract documentation, environmental impact assessment and drainage impact assessment for the proposed expansion of kiosks and other facilities at lok ma chau ( lmc ) boundary crossing
工務小組委員會通過開立承擔額，把6gb號工程計劃的一部分提升為甲級；按付款當日價格計算，估計費用為1億410萬元，用以委聘顧問就建議擴建落馬洲跨界通道檢查亭及其他設施的計劃進行地盤勘測工作、制訂建議計劃大綱、進行詳細設計、擬備合約文件，以及進行環境影響評估和排水影響評估。 -
Considering the transaction cost with the threat of opportunism, the mechanism with market or organization opportunism, we can decide the boundary between firm and market
從不同的交易的治理方式到與之相關的市場機會主義和企業內部機會主義的選擇，這些最終決定了市場與企業的邊界。 -
Some experts and scholars have discussed areas between city and countryside, but no one divided the idiographic boundary about it. second, as defined factors of rank and grade, it chose the factors affecting the city and countryside. finally, at the ways of evaluating land price, it spread the using scope of the profit, cost, and rating of reduction in the method of income reduction and the exploitation expenses of the land, the tax in the method of cost approach
在此之前，雖然有關專家和學者已對城鄉結合部作了不少論述，但均未曾劃分出具體界線；其次，確定定級因素時，選擇了對城市和鄉村均有影響的定級因素；最後，在土地估價方法中，拓寬了收益還原法中的土地總收益、總費用、還原率以及成本逼近法中的土地開發費、稅費等參數的應用范圍。 -
Our future target is to realize equilibrium of supply and demand of supervision based on cost - return analysis and determination of best supervision boundary
遠期目標要在對監管進行成本?收益分析的基礎上尋找銀行監管的最佳邊界，努力實現監管的供求均衡。 -
We construct cost function which combines the likelihood function and boundary constraint function
它利用似然函數和邊界約束方程構造代價函數，來描述區域特徵。 -
Better cross - boundary infrastructure, more efficient boundary crossing procedures, improved treatment of empty containers, increased cost competitiveness would strengthen hong kong s port cargo handling capacity
改善跨界基礎設施，更有效辦理通關程序，改善處理空貨櫃的措施，降低成本提高競爭力，都有助加強香港港口處理貨物的能力。 -
Yang and xie 9 developed a numeri - cal model for the moving boundary problem through reducing it to a fixed boundary problem by a coordi - nate transformation. it is necessary to reduce the a subsurface runoff parameterization with water storage and recharge based on the boussinesq - storage equation 623 computational cost of the groundwater model so that it can be applied to a land surface model for climate studies
文獻9通過一個坐標變換將運動邊界問題轉化為一個固定邊界問題，進一步改進了該土壤水模型的數值計算方法，使其減少計算量，達到能在一般通用的模式中實際應用 -
With the retrospect and critique of the existing firm theory, this paper analyses the possible faults of each school ' s theory, which includes the theory of smith, marx, new classical and neo - institution, and utilizes the historical data to analyze the relation between the firm ' s boundary and income, and classifies the direct and indirect income of the firm to establish a new function of the firm ' s boundary which can explain the changes of the firm scale and the effect of the perfecting institution diminishing the transaction cost and raising the efficiency of the society action
論文首先對現有的企業理論進行了批判性的回顧，逐一分析各學派包括斯密、馬克思、新古典以及新制度學派的理論可能存在的不足和缺陷。在此基礎上，論文利用歷史數據分析企業邊界與企業收入之間的關系，區分顯性收入和隱性收入，建立新的企業規模函數。在證明新的企業規模函數的合理性的基礎上，論文利用這一函數解釋企業的變遷，說明制度的完善將降低交易費用，提高社會活動的效率，並且認為隨著制度的完善、個人目標和社會目標的趨同，共產主義社會並非是遙不可及的夢想。 -
The paper firstly defines the firm ’ s effective boundary when the organizing cost in the firm equals the transaction cost in the market according to the concept of the firm ’ s boundary
本文首先藉助企業邊界概念，得出企業有效邊界是「企業內部組織成本與市場交易成本相等」時的邊界。 -
The boundary and content of sootblowing operation optimization are defined afresh. the optimized goal of sootblowing is set a tradeoff between all categories of sootblowing income and cost and the optimized unit is a single monitored surface modul
重新界定電站鍋爐吹灰優化運行的內涵和外延，率先研究電站鍋爐以單個灰污監測模塊為優化單元的多目標吹灰優化問題。 -
Government to follow up on proposal to reduce cross boundary trucking cost
政府跟進降低跨境貨運成本建議 -
Mr. ip said that he fully recognised the importance of reducing cross boundary trucking cost as a means to enhance hong kong s port and logistics competitiveness
葉澍?表示充份明白降低跨境貨運成本是提高香港港口及物流競爭力的一大關鍵。 -
The secretary for economic development and labour, mr. stephen ip, met with industry representatives today 28 september to discuss measures to reduce cross boundary trucking cost
經濟發展及勞工局局長葉澍?今天（九月二十八日）與業界會面，商討如何降低跨境貨運成本。 -
The secretary for economic development and labour, mr. stephen ip, met with industry representatives today ( 28 september ) to discuss measures to reduce cross boundary trucking cost
經濟發展及勞工局局長葉澍?今天（九月二十八日）與業界會面，商討如何降低跨境貨運成本。
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