budget cost 中文意思是什麼

budget cost 解釋
預算成本
  • budget : n 1 預算，預算案。2 經營費；生活費；（有限制的）供應，來源。3 〈古語〉〈方言〉小皮包；小皮包中的...
  • cost : n 1 費用；代價，價格；成本。2 犧牲；損害，損失。3 〈pl 〉訟費。vt （cost; cost）1 值，要價（苦幹...
  1. The required levels of construction cost estimates vary at different stages of project development ， ranging from ball park figures in the early stage to fairly reliable figures for budget control prior to construction

    ?建築成本估算要求的精確程度在項目發展的不同階段發生著變化，從早期的相近數字到施工前預算控制時相當準確的是數字。
  2. This traditional building method has many shortcomings : dissever factitiously some process and nobody is responsible for connection sections, many works distributed by different departments lose managing and controlling, and many overhead costs become virtual un - control cost ; confirming the overall budget management emphases through lifecycle method, it ' s unfit for enterprise group which deals in different fields, because these deals in different fields can effect each other, and make it ' s hard to distinguish the enterprise group ' s lifecycle

    這種傳統的構建方法有許多不足之處，如：將一些作業或流程人為地割裂開來，使得它們的介面部位無人負責，眾多分佈於不同部門卻相互聯系的作業因此失去管理和控制，與此相關的眾多原本可控的間接成本因此而成為事實上的不可控成本；通過生命周期法確定企業預算管理的重點，對于多元化經營的企業集團，由於各個產業之間的互動關系，往往有生命周期淡化的特點，這種方法就顯得不是十分適宜。
  3. All of the revenue from donative sports contests, excluding the payment of necessary cost expenditure according to the approved revenue and expenditure budget of contest funds, must be handed over to the donee

    舉辦募捐性體育競賽的收入，除按照經批準的競賽經費收支預算，支付必要的成本開支外，必須全部交付受捐人。
  4. Discussion on power project budget base estimate the value of total 183 ; net cost seperation determine

    基於量183 ;價分離確定電力工程預算的探討
  5. This thesis adopts empirical research methods, with changjiang communication navigation bureau as a study object, under the guidance of the public financial theory and with zero - base budget idea and activity - based costing system applied ; it provides the general thought by which we investigate each itemized outlay ration standards using the method of sourcing " the chain of the reason of necessary cost " and provides the idea of distributing the common cost in the light of the actual time of the non - commonweal and commonweal communication, researching the method of investigating the budget ration standards of over - water commonweal communication institutions. the research harvest has important theoretical and practical sense to the over - water commonweal communication institutions when making budget

    本文採用實證研究的方法，以長江通信導航局為研究對象，在公共財政理論的指導下，運用零基預算和作業成本法的基本思想，研究了水上公益通信單位預算定額標準的測定方法，通過追溯「必要費用成因鏈」來測定各項費用定額標準和根據非公益性通信與公益性通信實際發生時間來分攤共同費用的思想，研究的成果對水上公益通信單位編制預算具有重要的理論和實踐意義。
  6. At present, the subsidy level of public health care services by the government public spending is 98 per cent and this gives rise to budget deficit faced by the hospital authority ( ha ). though many cost - cutting measures are in place, if the problem of budget deficit is not properly dealt with, the public health care system will be on the verge of bankruptcy

    因為現時公共醫療服務，百分之九十八是由政府公共開支補貼，形成醫院管理局（醫管局）有入不敷支的財政赤字，雖然已多方面開源節流，但若不改善現有財政赤字，公共醫療系統會瀕于破產。
  7. Potential for cost growth in production was contained within current budget estimate through cost reduction initiatives formalized in a government / industry memorandum of agreement

    潛在的成本生產增長則控制在目前的財政預算，通過降低成本的措施，正式在政府/產業協議備忘錄
  8. Article 34 with respect to major public construction projects and major policy implementation plans, before the budget estimates and budget proposals are compiled, a cost efficiency analysis report on the alternative measures and substitute measures must be first drawn up and attached with a description of the financing and capital employment. and the report should be forwarded to the legislative yuan for its files and reference

    第34條重要公共工程建設及重大施政計畫，應先行製作選擇方案及替代方案之成本效益分析報告，並提供財源籌措及資金運用之說明，始得編列概算及預算案，並送立法院備查。
  9. Fourthly, different means of payment can influence the expenses, disposition of medical resources and medical quality of the hospitalization cost. the best medical insurance means of payment, should be a budget system of the total value

    第四，醫療保險費用的支付方式是該制度運行的一個重要環節，不同的支付方式會影響醫療費用的開支、醫療資源的配置及醫療質量。
  10. The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants, based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost, waste heat recovery, the match of ship, machinery and propeller, increasing propulsion efficiency, increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants, etc. the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost, analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost, harbor cost, voyage venture cost. the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost, maintenance cost, spare parts and stores cost, lubricating oil cost, etc. which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making, a mathematical model is put forward, the validity and its solve process are discussed. the control measures of spare parts, fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget, through the control means of application, reception, usage, store check, try to acquire the inosculation of theory

    第一章主要討論營運船舶運輸成本，對船舶運輸成本的概念、結構、性質與分攤、成本細分進行了分析，從宏觀上闡明了船舶運輸成本的生存環境和生長趨勢；第二章研究了船舶動力裝置的經濟性，在營運船舶降低油耗、廢熱利用、船機槳匹配、提高推進效率、提高船舶動力裝置經濟性的有效途徑等方面進行了闡述和論證；第三章詳細論述並論證了航次變動成本的控制措施，全面系統地分析和總結了航次變動成本，通過對燃油成本、港口使費、航次風險成本的分析與控制，提出了航次風險成本的概念並論述了若干航次風險成本的控制措施；第四章對船舶營運成本中的船員費用控制、維修保養及其費用控制、船舶備件物料管理及其費用控制等幾個主要可控性較高的成本進行了細致的分析並分別討論了相互的控制措施，提出了基於狀態維修決策的馬爾可夫數學模型並論證了模型的正確性及具體解算步驟，對于備件、燃潤物料的控制堅持以科學的預算為前提，以申領、接收、使用、盤存為控制環節，切實做到理論與實踐的密切結合；第五章，結合營運成本的預核算的案例，對船舶營運成本的預算及核算進行了有益的探討，旨在揭示成本發生的動因，並給出了成本預算、核算的編制方法。
  11. The level of a subsidy can be obtained from three layers : the narrow level being financial budget, the broad level being non - internalization of externalities, and the integrated layer being the difference between private cost or price and market cost or price. several models and indicators of government assistance for agriculture have been developed, such as nrp, nra, erp, era, pse and ams

    農業補貼的測度，可從狹義（財政預算） 、廣義（外部性）和綜合層次（衡量農業資源的轉入與轉出凈額）上進行；在現有各種測度農業補貼水平的方法中， pse模型能更好地反映補貼的內涵。
  12. Second, by analyzing the domestic project cost form, we can find there are some problems throughout the inviting public bidding and the bid, in the aspects of the cost form. with the rapid development of the economy, the traditional budget ration holds back the competition and limits the positivist and creativity of the producer and the operator. at last, by analyzing the inter national project cost form and according to the project cost rule in our country, we must accord with the international conventions, introduce the principle and means of fixing a price of a foreign project and establish the calculating rule of the project quantity

    其次，本文通過對國內工程造價的構成進行分析得出，本文對工程造價構成中的人工費、材料費、機械臺班費的計算，體現與市場價格機制一致，按照市場價格計算，改變以往工程造價的計取方式；同時改變定額? ?只考慮各分項工程中所消耗的人工、材料、機械臺班的數量標準，不考慮人工、材料、機械臺班的價格（這個價格應按市價計算，不是一定時期內固定不變的價格） ；改變取費方式；改變工程造價在招標投標中對評標價的確定方式，應採取工程量清單報價方式。
  13. The author considers as follows : ( 1 ) we should understand how to define the price of architecture products the cost of engineering and the price of engineering, we should compare the connotations of plan price, float price and market price, we should clarify how engineering cost and architecture installation engineering cost are formed and what is the difference between balance price and final accounts price ; ( 2 ) through analyzing and comparing the account bases and composing contents of enterprise individual production cost and social average production cost, analyzing from the design mechanism ' s function of auction and bid and the purpose of actualizing auction and bid, we can confirm that the foundation that the titles are weeded when judged is enterprise individual production cost, not social average production cost ; ( 3 ) the author considers there is diverge between shop drawing budget based on ration and auction and bid, carrying out bill quantity of construction works can advance the formation of cons truction - product market price, also is the outset and integrant route to close international, but though code of valuation with bill quantity of construction works has a lot of advantage to advance the form of architecture market price, we also see it has lack and it should be amended

    針對以上問題，筆者認為：應該了解建築產品價格與工程造價、工程價格是如何界定的、比較建築產品的計劃價格、浮動價格與市場價格的含義，搞清楚工程造價的構成和建築安裝工程費用的構成以及竣工結算價格與決算價格的區別；通過分析、比較建築產品的「社會平均生產成本」和「企業個別生產成本」的計算依據和構成內容，從招標投標的設計機制的功能和實施招投標的目的來分析，確認在評標中剔除低於成本價標書的依據是投標企業的個別生產成本，而不是社會平均生產成本；筆者認為以定額為計價依據的施工圖預算方法與招標投標之間存在悖論，工程量清單計價的推行是對建築產品市場價格形成改革的推進，也是建築產品價格形成方式與國際接軌的開端與必經之路，但是也必須認識到雖然《建設工程工程量清單計價規范》具有推進建築市場價格形成的諸多優勢，但仍存在不足與需要完善的地方。
  14. The function of project management budget in haihe main river project cost management

    項目管理預算在海乾工程造價管理中的作用
  15. For a specific project, the construction cost of the project can be reasonably and scientifically analyzed and estimated by means of the reasonable planning for the resources allocation adaptable to the project made through the economic assessment on the conduction process ; by which the cost control indexes can be determined, the relevant internal checking mechanism and the budget system for construction cost control can be established, and then the avoidable measures for possible economic risk can be made as well, so as to obtain the benefit indexes adaptable to all the specific items to realize the management of the construction cost control for the whole construction process and build up the scientific and reasonable system of economic responsibility for making a basis for completing the project with better quality effectively, economically and reasonably

    摘要通過項目的過程經濟評佑，制定出適應工程項目的合理資源配置計劃，對具體工程項目的施工成本進行合理、科學的分析判斷，確定成本控制指標，建立施工成本控制內部考核機制和工程施工成本預算制度，找出具體子項的經濟風險源所在，建立相應的經濟風險規避措施，獲取適應每個具體項目的利潤指標，實現工程項目施工全過程的施工成本控制管理並建立科學合理的經濟責任制，以便調動項目部所有施工人員的創造性和主動性，為最終高效、經濟合理、保質保量地完成工程施工任務奠定基礎。
  16. Keep the maintenance cost within budget and make full use of the resources available

    保證維修成本不超預算，充分利用現有資源。
  17. An elaborate panic room can cost anywhere from $ 50, 000 to several hundred thousand dollars. but they can also be created on a low budget

    一間裝備精良的安全屋可花費五萬至數十萬美元不等。但它們的造價可以更低。
  18. Budget cost allowance

    預算成本折讓
  19. Problems of attention in compiling engineering budget cost

    工程預算編制中需注意的若干問題
  20. Secondly, this paper makes process and actualization of cost computation based on activity clear and present model. thirdly, this paper analyzes the range of containing of budget cost deeply and sets up cost budget system based on activity. forthly, this paper summarizes traditional responsibility cost system and inner shift price method, analyses their shortcoming and sets up traditional responsibility cost system and inner shift price method

    本文的主要內容如下： （ 1 ）對成本及成本控制方法進行了綜述； （ 2 ）明確了基於作業的成本核算的流程，提出了作業成本核算的數學模型； （ 3 ）深刻剖析了預算成本的涵蓋范圍，構建了基於作業的成本預算制度方法； （ 4 ）建立了以作業為基礎劃分責任中心的方法，設計了基於作業的內部轉移價格的制定方法： （ 5 ）應用上面的方法，以zr公司為例，進行了案例分析。
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