change-over cost 中文意思是什麼
change-over cost
解釋
掉期成本, 套利成本-
Over time the cost of imputs may change and technological know-how may increase.
隨著時間推移，投入生產要素的成本可能發生變化，技術決竅可能增加。 -
Advanced weaponry and new tactical capability and communications combined with an increased weapons load of mark 48 anti - submarine torpedoes, harpoon missiles and tomahawk cruise missiles, which allow seawolf to operate from under arctic ice to shallow water close to shore. the seawolf was a product of the cold war, conceived to maintain the usa acoustic advantage over soviet submarines. with the end of the cold war and the change of emphasis to littoral operations, the cost of the seawolf submarines was judged prohibitive and the programme was curtailed in favour of the smaller and cheaper virginia class new attack submarines
「海狼」級擁有強大的攻擊力：為了能夠獲得並保持戰場的主動權，該艇裝備有8具660mm魚雷發射管，攜帶的武器有： slam陸攻型戰斧式巡航導彈，射程485海里， ssm反艦型戰斧式巡航導彈，慣性制導主動雷達反輻射制導，航速0 . 7馬赫，射程250海里，魚叉反艦導彈，航速0 . 9馬赫，射程70海里mk48adcap魚雷，直徑660mm ，有線制導，航速55節，射程27海里。 -
Lastly, by philosophical analyzing the article draws conclusion : going on with efficient institutional change asks for dynamical grasping of path characteristic. so at present in order to advance the change the cumulative cost of institutional gradual change must be apportioned reasonably ; adjusting the change strategy wholly makes unitary institutional innovation accompanying configurable innovation ; switching institutional change mode neatly makes sure that the following change is efficient ; government ' s playing the leader role of institutional change makes adverse path dependency be got over and thoroughly resolves the shortage problem of effective institution
最後，運用通觀全局、抓主要矛盾與矛盾的主要方面的哲學方法進行總結性分析，得出「繼續實現富有成效的制度變遷需動態把握路徑特徵」的結論，那麼，現階段應該對漸進式制度變遷的累積成本進行合理分攤，確保進一步變遷順利推進；從總體上調整制度變遷策略，形成由單項制度創新所引領的制度結構創新安排；針對變遷過程適時靈活轉換變遷方式，使變遷方式交叉復合、優勢互補，確保進一步制度變遷的效率；強化政府的變遷主體地位，以克服不利的路徑依賴，從根本上解決阻礙進一步變遷的有效制度缺失問題。 -
After analyzing the drive factor to these risks, we can adopt the demand for defining enterprises rationally, carry on the correct assessment measure to the software system and system supplier through certain standard, to reduce the software risks of enterprises ; through trying attention and support, perfect business procedure of enterprise work, and perfect basic management of enterprise of leader, to make the change risk of the project reduce ; through taking and making effective implementation plan, strengthen control over project change, enhancement the control of cost and lead into project manage the measures, to reduce the project change risk that enterprises implement erp project ; through introducing management consulting, strengthens the project training and strengthens construct of the group, to reduce the human resources risk that enterprises implement erp project
在經過對這些風險的驅動因素分析后，可以採取合理界定企業的需求，通過一定的標準對軟體系統以及系統供應商進行正確的評估措施，來降低企業的軟體風險；通過爭取領導的重視和支持、完善企業的業務流程工作、以及完善企業的基礎管理工作，使項目的變革風險降低；通過採取制定有效的實施計劃、加強對項目變更的管理、加強對實施成本的控制以及引入項目監理制度等措施，降低企業實施erp項目的項目變更風險；通過引入管理咨詢、加強項目培訓工作以及加強實施團隊的假設，降低企業實施erp項目的人力資源風險。 -
3. 11 - this need for change is borne out by recent public discussions over the cost of the civil service
3 . 11近期公眾對公務員薪酬開支議論紛紛，正好說明了有作出改變的需要。 -
In chapter two, starting from the extroversive characteristic of business behavior, it expatiates the motivation of the accounting standards setting based on the coase law and the analysis of the cost benefit. it derives that the accounting standards setting is a policy arrangement that will reduce the expense of commodity exchange. when the benefits of the accounting standards setting is over the commodity cost, change of the principle becomes the driving force of the accounting standards setting
第二章從企業行為的外部性出發，運用科斯定理和成本效益分析闡述了會計準則制定的動因，認為會計準則的制定是一種能降低交易費用的制度安排，並且在制定會計準則的效益大於成本時，變遷主體就會有制定會計準則的動力。
分享友人