concept formulation 中文意思是什麼
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Muc is furtherly defined as intergenerational opportunity cost under sustainability context and the concept of relative value is built up to analyze its dynamic character. in the neoclassic growrh with the invariable substitution of resource for capital, the formulation of this relative value is deduced. for mpc, hotelling model is used to illuminate the relation between the change of mpc and the impossibilities of sustainable use of energy resources ; for mec, an optimal growth model with exhaustible energy resources and environment pollution is employed to calculate the optimal environment
在可持續發展的條件下，將能源資源的邊際使用者成本進一步定義為代際機會成本，並建立相對價值的概念用於分析代際機會成本的動態變化，基於一個資本與資源存在確定替代關系的新古典經濟體系推導這種相對價值的表達式;在傳統的霍特林準則的基礎上，分析了邊際生產成本變化對資源可持續利用的影響;運用一個帶有資源與環境約束的最優增長模型，推導了邊際環境成本內部化的最優環境稅，並分析了這種稅收政策在實踐中的應用。 -
A brief review of factors leading to the formulation of this concept follows.
下面我們將提出導致形成這種概念的一些因素，並加以簡短評述。 -
Mr. sun was an active member of the informal group on secondary mortgage market convened by the hkma and has contributed to the formulation of the mortgage corporation concept
孫先生在按揭證券化和定息市場有豐富經驗。他也是金管局召集的第二按揭市場小組成員，曾參與制訂按揭證券公司的概念。 -
The problem is addressed through mathematical programming approach, the linear integer formulation is developed for optimizing the network throughput, and then the similarity between the original problem and the graph edge coloring problem is shown through the conflict graph concept. a column generation solution is proposed and several enhancements are made in order to fasten its convergence. numerical results demonstrate that the theoretical limit of the throughput can be efficiently computed for networks of realistic sizes
一個對tdma機制的有效改進方法是空分tdma機制，它將無線結點之間的物理距離考慮在內，規定互相不干擾的通訊鏈路可以在相同的時間片內傳輸，從而減少了網路所需時間片的總量，從而提高了單位時間內可傳輸數據包的數量，即提高了整個網路的吞吐量throughput 。 -
Research result shows that the object - oriented geographic spatial model has stronger representative ability, is easier understood and accepted ; using the concept of geometric data type unify the process method of attribute and spatial data, and simplify entity query and analyses. the topologic relations between entities, which are not been stored in explicit formulation in the model, can be achieved through collective operation of geometric object ' s hypergraph model. compared with traditional his, the query and analyses ability of which based on new model are stronger
研究結果表明，面向對象的地理空間模型具有更強的表現能力，並且容易被理解和接受；採用幾何數據類型的概念，可以使對非空間數據和空間數據的處理方法相統一，而且會使對實體的各種屬性數據（包括空間屬性）的查詢和分析模型更加簡單；對于面向對象模型中不顯式表示的地理實體間的空間拓撲關系，可以利用實體的幾何對象的超圖模型間的集合運算來求得；基於面向對象地理空間模型的實體查詢和分析，也比基於傳統gis數據庫查詢和分析具有強得多的功能。 -
A time - variant reliability formulation is presented in this paper to account for the effects of fatigue, corrosion and maintenance actions on the first yield reliability of midship section modulus. a probabilistic model for long - term distribution of wave - induced fatigue stress range is established. for the purpose of obtaining the performance of structure that stands random fatigue load, the concept of stress parameter and equivalent stress range are introduced
船舶在由波浪彎矩引起的交變應力作用下，船體構件焊接點處的微小裂紋逐漸擴展；同時，隨著船齡的增加，眾多結構構件遭受腐蝕的作用；從而使船體梁剖面模數減小，船體梁承載能力衰減，船舶結構的安全性將受到相當大的影響。 -
" the concept plan will be presented to the public through a series of public consultations, and public views will certainly be valuable for our formulation of a detailed layout plan, " he added
發言人補充說：本署將透過一系列公眾諮詢向市民介紹有關的發展概念圖則，公眾的寶貴意見有助我們進一步制定詳細的發展計劃。
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