contradictory evidence 中文意思是什麼

It is not many scholars to clearly prove the opinion of shifting the burden of proof, on the contrary the contradictory scholars are more prominent, for example the vice professor of southwest politics and law university, chengang, wuyue who translates and introduces the burden of proof of germany, because them there are more and more people support the opposite opinion, while in the draft of " civil evidence code ", the traditional idea win, in this draft the legislator abides by the present justice and our country ' s native circumstance, they made an scientific choice, of course, the burden of proof will directly influence the party " s possibility of losing the lawsuit, while the regulation of shifting the burden of proof increases the plaintiff ' s opportunity to win a lawsuit. to explain what is the shifting of burden of proof, the paper use the civil law as the example to point out the " reverse " is not entirly relieve the plaintiff s obligation of producing evidence, but in certain extent and in certain range make the defendant bear the burden of producing those proofs from the reverse way, which are originally beard by the plaintiff. in the three proceeding law, shifting the burden of proof have some differences, but the interior spirits are coincident - for the values of social justice and the legal reason

論證舉證責任倒置的學者觀點明確並且論證十分充分的不多，相反卻是對此著書立說予以反駁的學者較為突出，如西南政法大學的副教授陳則博士，翻譯並介紹德國證明責任學說的吳越先生均是目前國內對舉證責任倒置持否定態度的代表人物，由於他們的推動使得國內持此說的人越來越多，但在《民事證據法（草案） 》的擬定過程中，並未采責任倒置的地位，這樣的立法選擇是建立在對我國法律實現的本土環境客觀認識的基礎上的科學選擇，誠然，舉證責任的分配直接影響到當事人在訴訟中的敗訴風險，而「倒置」規則的設計，則在此問題上增加了原告勝訴的籌碼，在理解何為舉證責任倒置時，本文著重以民事法為主線，指出這種「倒置」並非全部免除原告的證明責任，而是在一定范圍與一定程度上將通常應由原告負擔的舉證責任轉由被告從反方面承擔，舉證責任倒置在三大訴訟法中所體現的具體情形有所差異，但它們的內在精神是一致的?法律的理性與社會公平價值，在民事訴訟中舉證責任倒置的情形，一般總是將其局限於特殊侵權情形，而忽略了民事合同違約責任的訴訟中的原告也無須對被告應承擔違約責任的所有要件，對被告主觀上的過錯實行推定，若被告予以否定則應對其無過錯的證據舉證，在設置舉證責任倒置的規則時，從各國的立法經驗與法的內在價值要求可以總結出以下幾個原則:程序法與實體法結合原則，公平原則，訴訟經濟原則，保護弱者原則等，基於此完善舉證責任倒置的規則時首先應肯定舉證責任倒置的概念，其次立法應避免求大求全，再次要配合實體法的發展，最後還可以在司法領域嘗試判例的指導意義。

What is rather contradictory, that the only time the court can deliver summons when all the relevant evidence is well prepared

（例子）頗具矛盾的是，僅當全部相關證據準備妥當時，法庭才能將傳票遞出。

Arbitrary inference : refers to the drawing of a conclusion when evidence is lacking or is actually contradictory to the conclusion

妄下判斷：意指未有充份事實根據或相反證據下仍草率地作出結論。

Hence the electronic evidence should be established as an independent category of the eighth kind. from the aim of a unify evidence law, which is based on the follow reasons : reality and forward position of legislative purpose ; the development of science and technology, development of economy of expand of society and the growing perfection of law are a variable process ; the present sorts of evidence are contradictory to electronic evidence, but consistent to dominion of internet arbitration or lawsuit and adjustment range

從制定一部統一的證據法典這一目的出發，這主要基於以下原因：立法意圖的現實性和前瞻性；科技的發達、經濟的發展和社會的進步與法律的不斷完善是一個不斷變化的互動過程；已有的證據種類本質上與電子證據互不相容；與網路仲裁或訴訟的管轄和調整范圍相適應。

Ceos should assess critically the enthusiastic recommendations of their vps and demand to see contradictory evidence and alternative evaluations of the same plan

公司里的高階主管若熱心提出建議，執行長都應該審慎評估，要求檢視同一方案的相反例證，並看看有沒有其他的可行性。