defined concepts 中文意思是什麼

Two concepts of critical length of slope and maximum buckling place is defined here to evaluate its stability. applications of two practical projects demonstrate this method ' s accuracy and feasibility. at the same time, all the factors which maybe infect the slope ' s stability, such as the mechanical performance of joint and rock, physical and geometrical character of slope, are considered

並以兩個實際工程實例驗證了本文方法的精確性及可行性；與此同時，本文對各影響因素如結構面的力學特性、巖體的力學特性及坡體的一些物理幾何特徵對該類邊坡穩定性的影響作了分析。

The first chapter introduced the theoretical study of financial fragility and defined the concepts of banking crises and regional banking crises. the banking crisis generated by internality of financial fragility

本文開篇介紹了國內外對金融脆弱性理論的研究及對銀行危機和局部銀行危機概念的界定，正是金融脆弱性內生性決定了銀行危機的生成。

Kinematics can be defined as the description of motion using only two basic concepts: length and time.

運動學只用長度和時間這兩個基本概念來描述運動。

In the first part, the concepts of the completely normal spaces and strong completely normal spaces in l - topological spaces are defined, which are the generalization of the completely normal spaces in general topological spaces. they are some good properties such as hereditary, weakly homeomorphism invariant properties, good l - extension, but they are n ' t producible in general. moreover, their several sufficient and necessary conditions in induced spaces are presented

第一部分的主要內容如下：第一部分這一部分是將一般拓撲學的完全正規分離性的概念推廣到了l -拓撲空間，給出了l -拓撲空間的完全正規分離性和強完全正規分離性的定義並討論了它們的若干性質，比如，它們都是可遺傳的，弱同胚不變的， 「 lowen意義下好的推廣」等。

The " sps measures " is a special concept defined by the sps agreement with special connotations and can not be fully covered by concepts such as " quarantine measures ", " sanitary and quarantine measures " or " propogation quarantine measures " used in domestic laws by all countries

「 sps措施」是由《 sps協定》所界定的一個專有概念，具有特定的含義，無法為各國國內法現有的「檢疫措施」 、 「衛生檢疫措施」及「動植物檢疫措施」等概念所完全涵蓋。

A real rough set space and the concepts of real lower and upper approximation corresponding to real - valued attributes is studied. a rhombus neighborhood for som is proposed, and the combination of som and rough sets theory is explored in the dissertation. according to the distance between the weight of winner node and the input vector in the real rough sets space, some new weights learning rules are defined

本文提出採用菱形鄰域代替一般的方形鄰域，可以減少待修正權重的數目;並利用實數粗糙空間的下、上近似集的精確概念劃分自組織映射的輸出結果，使得改進后的映射結果中各類樣本點之間有明顯的間隔，易於進行分類識別。

As well, many related basic theories among criminology, criminal law science, criminal policy, victimology and so on, are commented through the research. in the introduction, considering on the common ideas in the circles and the needs to theoretical development, some fundamental concepts are re - defined : criminal facts is not equal to crime, criminal counter - measures is not equal to penalty. instead, crime and penalty are included

在緒論中，基於學界現有的認識和理論發展的內在需要，筆者對論文中涉及的幾個基礎概念進行了界定:刑事不等於犯罪，也不等於刑罰，而是包含兩個基本方面:刑事事實（包含犯罪事實）和刑事對策（包含刑罰對策） ;另外，筆者還對本文的基本思路、基本內容和理論價值作了初步說明。

The first is the theory system of crime with aggravated circumstances. crime with aggravated circumstances is the unique concept of chinese criminal law, and therefore the attribution of its theoretical have not been clearly defined, as a result, it often confused with a number of related concepts, this section seeks to explain the relation between crime with aggravated circumstances with the circumstances and crime with circumstances. firstly, it is a criminal pattern, rather than a circumstance, and therefore can not be placed on the circumstances of the crime

本文分六個部分，從情節加重犯的理論屬性入手，以加重情節為重點，對情節加重犯進行全面的分析和歸類，並對其罪數屬性及完成形態等爭議較大的問題進行論證，最後對刑事立法模式進行評析並提出建議，從而明確情節加重犯在刑法理論中的地位，並與其他罪數形態相區分，促進相關案件的正確判斷和公正解決。

The thesis is composed of five parts. in the first part, several relative concepts will be defined while jury system, assessor system and assessor system of the people should be discriminated between each other conceptualy

全文共分五個部分：第一部分對本文將要使用的幾個概念予以界定，盡可能將陪審團制、參審制、人民陪審制幾個事物從概念上進行區分。

There emerge many definitions with different < wp = 5 > focuses. slang, in this thesis, is defined as " a peculiar kind of highly colloquial language, responding to new concepts in a novel way, racy of the national soil and saturated with the virtues and vices of a people, a society and a culture.

美國特有的文化模式決定了美國俚語將在美國這片沃土上生長，在當今美國社會的電視、廣播、小說、報紙雜志以及人們日常交談中形成一個極具吸引力的磁場，並將隨美國英國廣泛流行在全世界。

Though academic philosophers in the west may be well aware that a geographically defined " global ethic " is not equivalent to a " universal ethic " as philosophically understood, some proponents of a so - called " global ethic " have shown a tendency to confuse or conflate the two distinct concepts

盡管西方的學院哲學家很清楚在地理意義上界定的"全球倫理"不同於哲學上所理解的"普世倫理" ，但在一些所謂"全球倫理"的倡導者那裡，存在著一種混淆或合併這兩個截然不同的概念的傾向。

In this paper by analyzing the meaning, characteristic, related concepts, operations platform and technology platform of corporation income tax are defined and summarized, which are the theoretic bases for analyzing corporation income tax planning

在遵守國家法律、法規的前提下，在稅法許可下，利用稅法賦予的稅收優惠或選擇機會，設計籌劃盡量使自己的納稅負擔最輕，是企業一種自然而然的理財行為。

Abstract : physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

文摘:身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配

Physical activity has been defined as " any bodily movement produced by skeletal muscles that results in energy expenditure ". it is strongly endorsed as a means of staying healthy and an important avenue for social contact. although in australia, some studies have been conducted into the levels of physical activity in some ethnic communities, there has been a tendency to adopt a homogeneous view of culturally and linguistically diverse ( cald ) people rather than an ethno - specific perspective that recognises differing cultural beliefs and practices between and across language groups. this paper reports on a study that aimed to explore the concepts of, and attitudes towards, physical activity among older hong kong chinese australians resident in nsw. this study involved individual in - depth interviews and the use of open - ended questions. a total of 22 informants was recruited for the study. the findings revealed that most informants did not have a clear idea about what was meant by the term physical activity. " physical activity " tended to be a confusing and complicated term to this group. in addition, attitudes towards physical activity among this group reflect their cultural and health beliefs in preventive health care. to increase the physical activity level among older hong kong chinese australians, culturally - specific health promotion strategies might be needed to tackle the misconception about and specific attitudes towards physical activity, as well as to match the holistic chinese oncept of health maintenance

身體活動指"由骨骼肌產生的體能消耗運動" ，是保持身體健康、增進社會交往的重要方式和途徑.在澳大利亞，雖然有研究調查民族群體身體活動的各個層面，但總體而言，多數研究更側重於民族群體的同質性，而忽視了其異質性.本研究探討在新南威爾士州居住的澳籍香港老年華人對身體活動的概念理解及對身體活動的態度.研究使用開放性問卷進行個體深度訪談，受訪者22人.研究發現，大多數受訪者不清楚"身體活動"這一術語的含義，對他們來說， "身體活動"是一個模糊的、復雜的術語.該群體對身體活動的態度反映了他們在預防性衛生保健方面的文化和健康觀念.顯然，提升澳籍香港老年華人的身體活動水平，需要一種基於文化特殊性的健康促進策略以解決對身體活動的誤解，同時也需要具體的身體活動態度與華人整體性保健觀念相匹配

This paper defined firstly the expert opinion and other appropriate concepts, then researched and evaluated the related system in the western countries and made a comprehensive comparison on such system between the two western genealogy of laws

本文以專家意見及相關概念的界定為切入點，對西方國家與專家意見相關的制度進行了考察和評價，特別是對西方兩大法系的專家意見制度進行了綜合比較。

Firstly, this thesis supports the relevant service theoretical concepts defined by the relevant service from the western theory, then grams of " service profit chain " theory and uses the service quality gap model ( gap model ) that scholars such as parasuranman, used the service quality gap model inside hotel enterprises, then combines the service quality state of the interior employee of hubei h hotel enterprise, through internal service quality scale ( internal servqual ) and spss10 which scholars such as hallowell, to put forward grade statistical analysis software comes to weigh the level of the service quality inside hotel enterprises and test the standard. then this thesis also regards the mathematical model that service quality gap tests. this thesis is divided into five parts on the structure : part one : introduction

本論文首先對服務理論中的相關概念進行了界定，通過借鑒西方領域服務的相關理論，提出了自己對服務的認識，然後以赫斯克特（ james . l . heskett ）等學者提出的「服務利潤鏈」概念模型為線索，綜合運用parasuranman等學者提出的服務質量差距模型（ gap模型） ，提出了飯店企業內部的服務質量差距模型，緊接著結合湖北h飯店企業內部員工的服務質量狀況，藉助hallowell等學者提出的內部服務質量量表（ internalservqual ）和spss10 . 0等統計分析軟體來衡量飯店企業內部服務質量的水平與測評標準，並在此基礎上得出適合飯店企業內部服務質量差距測評的數學模型，相信可以對中國飯店企業內部服務質量的具體運作和測評有一定的指導作用。

Based on the concepts defined before, the present article is supposed to offer a new definition, namely, nationalism refers to the concepts, theoretical trends of thought and practical activities based on national community for the purposes of safeguarding and increasing its political, economic, cultural rights and interests in the duration of historical development in the human society so that it can realize the existence, independence and development of its own nation

在分析研究已有民族主義概念的基礎上，本文試圖重新定義民族主義，即民族主義是指在人類社會歷史發展進程中，建立於民族共同體基礎之上的維護和擴大本民族政治、經濟和文化等權益的思想觀念、理論思潮和實踐活動，以促進本民族的生存、獨立和發展。

In the second part, the author has defined concepts of campus e - learning and summarizes e - learning characteristics. the author also contrasts e - learning with school study and finds out the integrative point between them. by this way, the author expects to construct the double - space learning system in web age

第二部分，重點對校園網路學習進行了界定，總結了網路學習的基本特徵，並將網路學習與在校學習進行了比較，尋找網路學習與在校學習的整合點，以期構建網路時代的雙空間學習系統。

Enclid does not naively assume that the defined concepts exist or are consistent.

Enclid並沒有幼稚地假定所定義的概念存在或彼此相容。

Enclid does not naively assume that the defined concepts exist or are consistent

Enclid並沒有幼稚地假定所定義的概念存在或彼此相容。