diameter constant 中文意思是什麼

In adding - acid system : the resistivities of different lithotypes " cp tend towards being constant and equal when weight percentage of aniline exceeds 50 % ; because of the structure difference of different lithotypes, the polymerizing places and processes are different ; the resistivities of vituain / pan and fusain / pan reach the lowest point respectively when ( ntloisiog / an is 0. 6, 1. 0 ; the resistivities of cp decline fast and tend towards being constant along with the reduction of diameter of coal. in not adding - acid system : the resistivities of different lithotypes ' cp decline evenly ; it is found on the crossed experiment of cp, that ( nflsaog / an mole proportion is the most important factor to influence output ratio of cp and the weight percentage of aniline is the most important factor to influence resistivities of cp. according to the result of the crossed experiment of cp

在有外加酸體系中：苯胺百分含量大於50時，不同煤巖組分的電阻率趨于恆定和一致；由於不同煤巖組分結構上的差異，導致苯胺聚合場所和聚合過程的不同；當過硫酸銨/苯胺摩爾比為0 . 6 ， 1 . 0時，鏡煤-聚苯胺導電材料電阻率和絲炭-聚苯胺導電材料的電阻率分別達到最低值；在無外加酸體系中：不同煤巖組分/聚苯胺導電材料的電阻率隨著聚合時間的增加而均勻下降，並在8小時左右達到恆定；在對絲炭-聚苯胺導電材料進行的正交試驗中發現：過硫酸銨/苯胺摩爾比對產率的影響最大，苯胺重量百分比對產率影響最小，而對產物電阻率影響最大的是苯胺重量百分比。

The relations between piezoelectric characteristic such as piezoelectric constant, electromechanical coupling coefficient, mechanical quality factor, etc. and its components, granular diameter and manufacturing technology were studied

研究壓電材料壓電常數、機電耦合系數、機械品質因數等特性與其組份、顆粒直徑及製作工藝過程之間的關系。

At the surface of the pollen grains there are three types of aperturates, including three porates type, three colpates type and three porate - colpates type ; and four types of sculpture, namely, reticulate, striate, striate - reticulate and verrucate. the upper epidermal cells of the leaves of 12 species plants are detected with hpias - 1000 image analytic system through the treatment of binarization, and the experimental methods are proved stable. the results indicated that the waviness of the anticlinal walls ( sfc ) and the ratio of the feret ' s diameter ( slf ) of the epidermal cells of the middle lamina in the third node of leaves starting from the lowerest part of the stem have a relative constant range and could distinguish from each other. oieanolic acid, l, 5, 8 - trihydroxy - 3 - methoxyxanthone and swertiamarin are separately detected on the tlc, and the different chromatogram of various plants can be considered as characters of identification. the contents of oleanolic acid in 12 species of plants are determinated by hplc, but among the different plants and botanical organs their contents are different, and the highest content in flowers

本文對川鄂產獐牙菜屬藥用植物資源進行了野外調查、標本採集和鑒定，對12種乾燥藥材的性狀進行了描述，提供了可以鑒別的特徵。通過掃描電子顯微鏡觀察的12種本屬藥用植物的花粉粒均為單粒花粉，萌發孔有3孔型， 3溝型和3孔溝型三種類型；表面紋飾包括網狀紋，條狀?網狀紋，條狀紋和瘤狀紋四種類型。用hpias ? 1000高清晰度彩色病理圖文分析系統對葉片上表皮細胞作圖像分析，並進行方法學研究，結果表明，同種植物莖上第3節葉片中段主脈和第1側脈之間葉上表皮細胞垂周壁彎曲程度sfc值和細胞縱、橫向直徑的比值slf值，種間有顯著差異，每種都有相對恆定范圍值。

The critical concentration and critical particle surface area in constant rate section is studied. the floc density pa and the floc equivalent diameter da are calculated on the basis of experimental data and theoretic analysis

研究了等速段的臨界濃度、臨界顆粒表面積；分析計算了絮團密度_ 、泥沙絮團當量直徑d _ 。

Some conclusions can be drawn from the experiment. first, the discharge coefficient of liquid is almost constant when the pressure before injecting is high enough, but the discharge coefficient of gas fluctuates because of the influence of liquid flowing. second, when the total pressure of gas is low, under the same total pressure, increasing the pressure before injecting or under the same the pressure before injecting, lowing the total pressure of gas make the mean diameter smaller

流量特性試驗表明，在液體噴注壓降較高時，液體的流量系數基本不變，但是氣體的流量系數受液體流動的影響較大;霧化特性試驗表明，在同一氣體總壓條件下，增大液體噴注壓降或者在相同液體噴注壓降條件下，減小氣體總壓對液滴霧化有利。

Transitional feature of the arc and metal droplet in the welding process with steam shielded arc is investigated by means of analysing the waveforms of welding voltage and current under different welding regimes and it is found that there are two types of arc process behavor ? " arc starting - arc blowing out - short - circuiting " and " arc - starting - short - circuiting ". under the condition of constant diameter of welding wire and its feeding speed, the arc process behavor can be changed by adjusting the inductance of welding circuit as well as the voltage of power supply. if arc process behaves as alternative process of " arc starting - arc blowing out - short - circuiting " with minimum time duration of arc blowing out and maximum frequency of short - circuit transition, the welding process will be stable with less spatter and smooth weld bead

通過分析不同焊接規范下的焊接電壓和電流的波形.研究了水蒸氣保護下電弧及熔滴過渡的特點，發現其電弧過程行為有「燃弧?熄弧?短路」和「燃弧?短路」兩種形式.在焊絲直徑和送絲速度一定的情況下，通過調節焊接迴路中的電感量和電源電壓，可以改變電弧的過程行為形式.若電弧過程呈「燃弧?熄弧?短路」交替進行，並且熄弧時間最短時，短路過渡頻率最高，在這種情況下，飛濺小，焊道成型好，焊接過程穩定

The phase structure, the lattice constant, crystal grain diameter of the samples was obtained by the x - ray diffractions ( xrd ) spectra. their relations are showed respectively. influence of grain size on the lattice constant of several kind of phase structure was studied theoretically by interaction energy between atoms in nanocrystallites

其次，從結合能的角度出發，研究了nacl結構和cscl結構的離子晶體，面心立方（ fcc ） 、體心立方（ bcc ）金屬晶體以及簡立方（ scc ） 、面心立方（ fcc ） 、體心立方（ bcc ）結構分子晶體的晶粒線度對晶格常數的影響。

Under our task experimental condition, we calculated the sensitivity of our planning to develop dial system with direct detection, besides, we studied the relationship between the sensitivity of measurement and atmospheric refractive - index structure constant and applied matlab program simulated the system parameters such as beam diameter, laser divergence angle, detection distance and gained relevant relationship curves

在課題實驗條件下，模擬計算了直接檢測dial系統的測量靈敏度。在考慮大氣折射率結構常數對系統測量靈敏度影響的基礎上，並對各種系統參數如光束半徑、束散角和探測距離對測量靈敏度的影響運用matlab程序做了模擬計算，為合理選擇系統設計參數提供了依據。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

Constant diameter cam

等徑凸輪

The optimization selection and comparison have been conducted on the ratios of major structural dimensions of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint namely the ratio between central circle diameter of steel ball and ball diameter, the ratio between outer diameter of universal joint and diameter of graduation circle of inner sleeve spline and the ratio between eccentricity of ball cage patterned constant speed universal joint and central circle radius of ball

對球籠式等速萬向節的主要結構尺寸即鋼球中心圓直徑與鋼球直徑之比、萬向節外徑與內套花鍵分度圓直徑之比，以及球籠式等速萬向節的偏心距與鋼球中心圓半徑之比進行了優化選擇和比較。

Represents the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter, specified by the constant,

表示圓的周長與其直徑的比值，它通過常數指定。

Let ( m, f ) be an n - dimensional compact finsler manifold without boudary. if for some positive constant k, then moreover, the diameter of m is when 1 = mk

設m是緊致無邊的m維幾二le :流形，如果存在常數k ，使得b凡引x ）全（ 。

The shell thick is linear with the average diameter of capsules while the weight proportion of the shell to the core is constant. the shell thick decreases with the increase of the stirring rate

在囊壁囊芯比例固定的條件下，囊壁厚度與膠囊粒徑呈線性關系，且隨轉速增加而減小。

The result of study indicated preliminarily that as for the bal cage patterned constant speed universal joint, while the number of steel ball increased from 6 to 8, on account of the reduction of steel ball diameter, not only its outside dimension may cut down 12 %, its weight could get a reduction of nearly 20 %, but also the load bearing capacity of universal joint on the contrary could gain somewhat enhancement

研究結果初步表明，對于球籠式等速萬向節，當鋼球數量由6增加為8時，由於鋼球直徑的減小，不但其外形尺寸可以減小12 % 、質量可以減少近20 % ，而且萬向節的承載能力反而可以得到少許提高。

The contact angle for water of the film which prepared according to above conditions is 4 ? ( 2 ) b plus voltage is 1. 2kv ; sputtering time is 80min ; the target parameters are : 100 % anatase tio2, the thickness is 6. 5mm, the diameter is 53. 5mm, the quality is 24. 99g and the density is 1. 71g / cm3 ; anode current is imax. the constant of reaction kinetics of the film which prepared according to above conditions for degrading methyl orange is 0. 0192

Fe20 ;的摩爾含量為0 . 5 %時光催化活性最好;而在fezo3的摩爾含量為0 . 05一0 . 1 %時，獲得了具有超親水性能的復合薄膜;但fezo3 / tio :的疊層膜及復合疊層膜的光催化活性及親水性能均不理想，主要原因是fezo3的存在具有光生載流子復合中心的作用。