differential pricing 中文意思是什麼

differential pricing 解釋
差別等級計價
  • differential : adj 1 差別的，區別的；特定的。2 【數學】微分的。3 【物、機】差動的，差速的，差示的。n 1 （鐵路不...
  • pricing : 報價模式的案例練習
  1. This paper analyzes the institutional defects in view of the policy environment, the primary market of mbs, the secondary market of mbs, and offers countermeasures : first, setting up national housing mortgage management institution, second, enlarging the service scope of housing mortgage - backed loan, third, differential loaning, fourth, regularly issuing the pricing of housing construction ; fifth, normalizing the institutional investors

    從政策環境，抵鉀貨款一級市場，抵押貸款二級市場分析了中國房地產抵鉀證券化的制度缺陷，進而提出了對策措施： 1 ）成立國家住宅抵押管理機構； 2 ）擴大房地產抵押貨款范圍； 3 ）區別放貨； 4 ）國家定期公布房地產造價； 5 ）規范mbs機構投資者。
  2. The thesis summarizes the basic theories of price discrimination, expatiated on the multi - class differential pricing method and dynamic differential pricing theory ; concludes the factors that have impacts on tickets - price, analyses and classfies the factors ; brings forward a canonical method of market segmentation, introduces the process of market segmentation based on the model of gray relative level, discusses the idiographic measure of ticket - price control ; improves the academic achievements of former scholars, puts forward a model of multi - class dynamic differential pricing for the air passenger transport, which is based on the maximum revenue for the airline industry, and gives a approximate arithmetic of the model, then showes the application of the model and its feasibility on increasing airline industry ’ s revenue by 25 models

    在對民航定價的國內外研究現狀進行綜述的基礎上，從經濟學角度介紹差別定價的基本理論，闡述民航客運的多等級差別定價理論和動態差別定價理論;對民航票價的影響因素進行分類說明;作為多等級定價的基礎，提出市場細分的標準和方法，用灰色關聯度模型解決航空旅客市場細分問題，並提出票價控制的具體措施;引入一種旅客到達頻率預測的統計方法，以航空公司收益最大化為目標，建立基於多等級定價基礎上的動態差別定價模型，即多等級動態差別定價模型，給出模型的遞歸演算法，通過對動態差別定價模型的運行結果進行分析，建立模型的一種近似模型，並且用25個簡單算例說明模型的用法以及在提高航空公司收益方面的可行性。
  3. The thesis researches every aspact that affacts differential prcing systemically and in - depth. in order to make airline industries fetch more income in differential pricing, this article improves the traditional multi - class differential pricing method and the existing dynamic differential pricing theory, synthesizes the two improved methods, and puts forward a model of multi - class dynamic differential pricing for the air passenger transport

    為了使國內航空公司在差別定價中取得更大的收益，本文對民航定價涉及的各方面問題都進行了較為深入的研究和探討，對傳統的多等級差別定價方法和已有的動態差別定價理論分別加以改進並進行綜合，建立了多等級動態差別定價模型。
  4. It also studies the problem of real option pricing when the underlying assets follow the pure jump poisson, mixed jump - diffusion merton and mean - reversion model, and obtains the price formula or partial differential equation to price and hedge the real option. when the value of real option can not separate from the value of project, or the uncertainties are endogenous to real option holder, it is difficult to pricing the real option by the ways of no - arbitrage. in this paper we present a approach named valuation with comparison, its basic point is to value the project or program with flexibility by means of decision tree analysis ( dta ) and stochastic dynamic programming ( sdp ), and the results are compared with that of non - flexibility, finally,

    當實物期權的價值不能從項目價值中分離出來，或者影響基本資產價格的不確定性內生於期權的持有者時，此時實物期權的價值一般難以直接利用無套利方法得到，本文通過對現有文獻進行歸納，提出一種比較定價法，其基本要點是利用決策樹、動態規劃法或二叉樹模型等技術來確定嵌有柔性的項目或方案的價值，然後將其與沒有柔性的項目或方案進行比較，從而獲得各種柔性的價值，作為這種方法的一個應用，本文研究了柔性勞動合約的設計與定價問題，研究表明，對企業重要員工採用長期勞動合約，而對一般員工採用短期合約可以節約勞動力使用成本。
  5. In particular, the study on renminbi derivatives markets finds that, in the onshore market, forward pricing has been increasingly driven by financial fundamentals such as the interest rate differential between the renminbi and us dollar denominated assets

    其中我們對人民幣衍生工具市場的研究結果顯示，人民幣境內遠期市場定價愈來愈受人民幣與美元資產的利息差距這些基本金融因素所影響。
  6. This price difference is largely due to the lack of generic competition in the second - line market : there are presently no generic versions of tfv and only one generic version of lpv r. there are generic versions of enterocoated ddi, but they are not available in south africa and many other countries. the manufacturer bristol - myers squibb has refused to include enterocoated ddi in its differential pricing policy, making the drug much more expensive

    這個價格差異，是因為第二線藥物?場缺乏仿製藥的競爭：泰諾福韋目前尚未有仿製藥，洛匹那韋利托那韋只有一種仿製藥，地丹諾辛的腸溶劑型則在南非及許多國家找不到仿製藥，加上原創藥廠拒絕把地丹諾辛的腸溶劑型納入其差別定價的政策之內，令該藥價格更高。
  7. Underlying the assumption that the stock price accords with the model of the stock price fluctuating sources, by comprehensivily applying the stochasitic differential theory and no - arbitriagc thcory, this paper, under the conditions that the risk - free rate r is constant or ito stochasitic process, successively works out the option pricing about the stock price model with that the short - term profit function is piecewise lecture function arid that one with that the short - term profit function is possion jump process, derivats counterpart partial differential equation of option pricing. the outcome states : 1. when the short - term profit function is unusual flunctuating sources bring out a piecewise lecture function, this amendment on the lognormal distribution model does not improve the option price, because this partial differential equation of option pricing is the same one underlying the lognormal distribution model ( see equation 2. 14 )

    本文基於股價符合波動源模型的假設，綜合運用隨機微分理論等數學原理和無套利理論等金融理論，依此對短期收益率函數為分段階梯函數和possion跳躍過程的股價波動源模型分別在無風險利率是常數和隨機過程的條件下作了期權定價，推導出了相應的期權定價偏微分方程，結果表明： 1 、由異常波動源帶來的短期收益率函數是分段階梯函數時，這種對股價對數正態分佈模型的修正不能改善期權價格，因為基於這種模型的期權定價偏微分方程與基於股價對數正態分佈模型的期權定價偏微分方程完全相同（見方程2 . 14 ） 。
  8. It will also enable differential pricing to reflect different degrees of risk taken by banks in extending loans

    同時，共用信貸資料亦可讓銀行因應貸款所涉及的風險程度來釐定不同的息率。
  9. 4. after changing the short - term profit function to possion jump process, in the view of that the derivated partial differential equation of the option pricing which different from black - scholes partial differential equation still is that interest rate is constant ( 4. 2 ), the model which does not accord with the real market under the assumption. at last, we derivat a new model of option pricing whoso profit rate is possion jump process under stochastic interest rate ( 5. 13 ), this model not only changes the form of the short - term profit function of the stock price model and avaids the simplization of the profit rate function the unusual flunction sources bring about, but also relaxes the basis assumption of black - scholes option pricing model and makes that the partial differential equation builds the foundation which even approaches the actual market

    4 、將短期收益率函數由確定函數修改為possion跳躍過程后，文[ 15 ]推導出的期權定價偏微分方程（見方程4 . 2 ）雖然推廣了black - scholes期權定價偏微分方程，但此時依舊假設利率是常數，這與實際生活中的不符，我們研究了一個隨機利率下短期收益率函數是possion跳躍過程的期權定價模型（見5 . 13 ） ，該模型既改變了股票價格波動源模型中短期收益率函數的形式，避免了異常波動源帶來的收益率函數的簡單化。
  10. With positive consumer credit data sharing, the banks would be in a position to introduce differential pricing on the basis of credit quality. as a consequence, those with good credit, who are in the majority, will benefit, possibly through more favourable terms for borrowing and for the use of banking services

    若可分享正面個人信貸資料，銀行便會有更佳條件按照信貸質素高低釐定不同價格，屆時佔多數的優質客戶將有機會以較優惠的條件借貸及享用其他銀行服務。
  11. Qingdao haier has to strengthen management in order to make the conversion successful. the paper analyzes qingdao haier ' s operation status and financial status in 2001, analyzes its competitiveness and the impact of the change of environment on it, points out the problems existing in its capital structure, forecasts its income and earning before interest and tax in 2002, and compares convertible bond with stock and bond with respect to individual capital cost, overall capital cost, differential cash flow nud earning per share, and draws the conclusion that convertible bond is the best choice for haicr. the paper continues to systematically design convertible bond for haier and evaluate the convertible bond using the option pricing model

    本論文分析了青島海爾有限公司2001年的經營狀況和財務狀況，分析了青島海爾有限公司的競爭優勢以及它所面臨的環境變化的影響，指出了青島海爾有限公司資本結構上存在的問題，然後根據公司的發展戰略及公司2001年的各種財務比率，預測公司2002年的收入及息稅前利潤，並從個別資本成本、綜合資本成本、差異現金流量和每股收益等方面對青島海爾有限公司增發新股融資、可轉換債券融資及企業債券融資三種融資方式進行了全面細致的比較分析，最終得出青島海爾有限公司以可轉換債券融資是最合適的。
  12. Analysis of product pricing and a kind of differential product mechanism model under digital circumstance

    數字環境下產品定價與一種產品差異化機制模型分析
  13. This thesis studies the differential pricing problem of air passenger transport

    本文研究了民航客運的多等級動態差別定價問題。
  14. To help departments achieve this, we will introduce differential pricing where applicable, i. e. to introduce a lower price for e - services to reflect the lower handling costs involved ; or other service advantages for e - services

    為協助部門達至上述目標，我們會為適當的服務訂定不同的收費即為電子服務引入較低收費，以反映該等服務所涉及的較低成本或為電子服務提供其他優惠。
  15. Section three introduces three different pricing models of real option : partial differential equation ( pde ), simulation method and dynamic procedural method. among of them, binomial option pricing model is the most important. the beauty of the binomial model is its simplicity

    文章首先分析石油行業的特點，緊接著對我國石油行業幾十年來主要應用的項目評估方法進行分析，比較它們和實物期權法的不同，最後結合石油勘探開發的具體例子展示應用實物期權法給項目經濟評價帶來的影響。
  16. Preliminary discussion on the differential pricing in the power market of our country

    淺談我國電力市場的差別定價
  17. Theory and case study of differential pricing for network competitive intelligence goods

    網路競爭情報產品差別定價策略和實證研究
  18. Furthmore, a lot of tasks that influence pricing are not paid enough attention to, so differential pricing is not scientific and canonical, and the effect is not so ideal

    因為影響到定價的諸多方面工作沒有引起足夠的重視，因此差別定價的具體操作不夠科學和規范，取得的效果不是非常理想。
  19. Consideration of a few of the proposals and their implementation details is still in progress, notably deposit insurance and the sharing of information that will enhance efficiency, including the possibility of the wider use of risk related differential pricing, in the extension of credit

    幾項有關建議及實施細則的研究工作正在進行中，其中受大眾關注的是存款保險，以及有助提高批核信貸效率包括更廣泛運用與風險掛的定息方法的共用信貸資料方案。
  20. All existing theoretical literatures and empirical studies find that unrestricted shares trade at premium prices compared to restricted shares. the arguments and factors in explaining the phenomenon include the equilibrium pricing, investment barriers, differential demand and so on

    國外許多學者對這個問題都進行了理論和實證兩方面的研究，發現允許國外投資者持有的股票價格通常高於只允許國內投資者持有的股票價格，並從資產均衡定價、市場分割壁壘和公司行為等多個角度進行了解釋。
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