discretionary measures 中文意思是什麼
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According to scm, countervailing measures of subsidies is to balance the loss caused by subsidies rather than to make discretionary retaliation
根據scm ，反補貼措施是一種平衡因補貼行為造成的外國產品競爭優勢的救濟措施，而不是任意的反擊報復措施。 -
How to derive discretionary accruals from earnings is the key in detecting earnings management. it is not possible to observe earnings management directly. therefore, prior research has used a number of accounting accrual measures to detect earnings management
公司對外報告凈利潤由現金流量和應計利潤兩個部分組成，應計利潤可進一步拆分為操控性應計利潤和非操控性應計利潤。 -
About retaliation rules, japan argues that clarification on trade distortion injuries should be furthered to ensure that retaliation level is true equivalent to impairment caused by relevant members " wto - inconsistent " mandatory law ". and dsu, through authoritative explanations, should be available to prevent members from utilizing so - called " discretionary law " to repeat wto - inconsistent measures
在爭端解決報復制度問題上，日本提出，為保證授權報復的程度與利益減損的程度「真實相等」 ， dsu應當在相關條款中進一步澄清有關成員利用與wto規則不一致的「強制性法規」措施所產生的貿易扭曲影響;並通過對條款進行權威性解釋，阻止成員利用「可調節的法規」重復實施與wto規則不一致的貿易措施。
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