e-layer e 中文意思是什麼

e-layer e 解釋
電離層
  • e : （pl E s e s ）1 英文字母表第五字母。2 【音樂】E調，E音。3 E字形。4 〈美國〉（順序）第五等，（成...
  • layer : n 1 放置者，鋪設者，計劃者。2 【賽馬】（一般）賭客。3 產卵的雞。4 【軍事】瞄準手。5 層；階層；地...
  1. They are jinfo mountain in nanchuan county ( natural protection section ), wuling mountain in qianjiang county ( national emphases forest demonstration county which forest cover rate is beyond 50 % ) and zhongliang mountain in beibei county ( artificial destruction is very grave ). some main land use patterns i. e. woodland, garden, infield, abandon infield, shrub and grassplot are selected in those three sample sites. four aspects on soil fertility index of karst environment under different land use patterns in these three sample sites, are revealed in this paper, by using the field test, indoor measure and analysis, outdoor experiment and field investigation, and the knowledge and technique of soil, ecology, physics and chemistry etc. they are physical characteristic ( effective soil thickness, organic layer thickness, soil texture, water - stable aggregate and soil water etc. ), chemical fertility ( organism, omni - n, omni - p, omni - k, alkali - nitrogen, available p, available k and rapid available k etc. ), soil animalcule ( bacteria, fungi, actinomyces and their grosses ) and soil - seed - pool ( plant community diversity index ) in karst ecosystem

    本研究以重慶市的南川金佛山（自然保護區） 、黔江武陵山（國家重點退耕還林示範縣，森林覆蓋率50以上）和北碚中梁山（遭人為破壞嚴重）典型巖溶區為對象，選擇了幾種重要的利用方式，包括林地、果園、耕地、棄耕地和灌草坡，採用野外巖溶生態調查和室內試驗測量分析相結合的方法，以不同土地利用方式巖溶土壤肥力為重點，對不同土地利用方式土壤肥力特徵進行量化分析，找出巖溶土壤肥力差異的主要方面及其根本原因，論文主要從土壤剖面物理退化指標（有效土層厚度、有機質層厚度、質地、團聚體、水分含量等） ，化學肥力退化指標（有機質、全n 、全p 、全k 、堿解n 、速效p和速效k等） ，樣地土壤微生物指標（細菌、真菌、放線菌數量及總量）以及樣地土壤種子庫植物群落多樣性等4個方面對重慶典型巖溶區的土壤肥力特徵進行了較為詳細的分析研究，為巖溶地區士壤資源的合理利用及結構的調控管理提供依據。
  2. Aleurone layer the outermost proteinrich layer of the endosperm of grass fruits ( e. g. cereal grains )

    糊粉層：在谷類種子胚乳最外面的一層或幾層細胞，含有大量的糊粉粒。
  3. In this paper, first strand cdna of 3abc gene was synthesized using template rna extracted from cells infected with fmdv. the complete 3abc gene about isoobp was amplified by pcr and ligated into pgem - t easy vector. after transforming e. coli dh5 a, ampicillin resistant colonies were isolated and plasmid dna was prepared and analyzed by restriction analysis and pcr. presence of the full length 3abc gene was verified by nucleotide sequence analysis and the plasmid containing the expected sequence was named as pgem - 3abc. comparing the aquired sequence of 3abc with that of reference strains, the homology is more than 99 percent. the pgem - 3abc was digested with sal i and bgl ii and ligated into xho i and bgl ii - digested expression vector ptriex - 4 neo. lt was identified by restriction analysis and pcr and sequencing that this fragment had a 17bp deletion hi the nucleotide sequence 708bp of 3abc gene, which happened to form a terminator codon behind 3ab gene, but it contained the complete open reading frame ( orf ) of 3ab gene. positive clones were selected and induced with lmmol / l isopropyl - d - galactoside ( iptg ), bacteria were detected by sds - page and western blotting after properly treated. the results showed that the 3ab gene expressed successfully in e. coli and 33. 5ku fusion protein can be recognized by the positive bovine serum of fmdv. the amount of target protein is over 26 % of the total bacteria protein by gel thin layer scanning analysis

    擴增產物連接到pgem - teasy載體中，轉化大腸桿菌dh5菌株，篩選氨芐青霉素抗性菌落，提取質粒經酶切鑒定、 pcr分析以及確證性測序證明，所克隆的1500bp左右的片段含有完整的3abc基因，與國外參考序列相比，同源性在99以上。將重組質粒pgem - 3abc和表達載體ptriex - 4neo分別用sal和bgl與xho和bgl消化后，亞克隆3abc基因至原核表達載體ptriex - 4neo中，通過酶切鑒定、 pcr擴增以及序列分析，發現克隆到ptriex - 4neo載體上的片段於3abc基因708bp處出現了17bp的缺失，碰巧在3ab基因后形成一終止密碼子，但3ab基因的閱讀框架完整，選出含有3ab基因完整閱讀框架的陽性克隆，用iptg誘導表達，收集菌液進行sds - page電泳、 westernblotting分析，結果表明， 3ab基因在大腸桿菌中成功表達，其表達產物為分子量33 . 5ku的融合蛋白，並能被口蹄疫病毒陽性血清識別。經薄層掃描分析，表達量占總蛋白量的26以上。
  4. Results 1. the expression of nf b p65 and i e in skin contusion repair in the control specimens, the positive staining of nf b p65 and i ba were in the basal cell layer, spinous layer, granular layer and sweat epithelium, sebaceous gland epithelium

    實驗結果1 . nfkbp65與ikba在挫傷修復過程中的表達變化正常對照組皮膚中， nfkbp65與ikba在表皮基底細胞層、棘細胞層、顆粒細胞層和真皮層皮脂腺、汗腺上皮細胞呈陽性表達。
  5. Through the analysis we found that the effect will become more obviously with the increase of thickness or width of superstratum and the decrease of the coefficient of foundation bed ; ( 3 ) anisotropy and nonlinear elastic f. e. m. model has been established and the effect of stress dispersion in compound two - layer foundation was analyzed on the base of the model. from the analysis we can conclude that the coefficient of subsidiary stress dispersion will amplify with the increase of thickness or width or stiffness of back - up coat ; ( 4 ) the formula which can be used in conventional calculation has been deduced for calculating the coefficient of subsidiary stress dispersion and it also has been affirmed to be reasonable through the checking calculation ; the whole theory of compound two - layer foundation has been brought forward in this paper and it ' ll enrich the theory of composite foundation

    針對以上問題本文做了以下一些工作並得到若干結論： （ 1 ）提出了「復合雙層地基」的概念，並通過工程實例證明此概念的提出有其合理性和必要性； （ 2 ）用彈性地基梁理論證實了復合雙層地基確有應力擴散效應，且擴散效應隨上覆硬層厚度、剛度的增加而增大，隨下臥層基床系數的增大而減小； （ 3 ）建立了非線彈性、各向異性有限元模型，並以此為基礎分析了復合雙層地基的應力擴散效應，得到附加應力系數隨加固層厚度、寬度、剛度的增加而增大的結論； （ 4 ）推導了可用於常規計算的復合雙層地基應力擴散系數公式，並代入工程實例進行了驗證。
  6. The days of multi - layer air tickets appear numbered, as the china air transport association cata has stopped providing paper tickets and instructed sellers to issue e - tickets

    中國航空運輸協會目前已停止發放紙質機票，並發出通知要求國內機票代理商發售電子機票。看來用不了多久，紙質機票就將徹底消失。
  7. The days of multi - layer air tickets appear numbered, as the china air transport association ( cata ) has stopped providing paper tickets and instructed sellers to issue e - tickets

    中國航空運輸協會目前已停止發放紙質機票，並發出通知要求國內機票代理商發售電子機票。看來用不了多久，紙質機票就將徹底消失。
  8. An a ] ternat ion mode betwoen l nt ert ' ii ( ) tt iilyer and fie1 d object layer is designed on mode1 - - v iew separdt e techno1 ( ) g } ", in which re - - use of field object is highly improved

    利用模型-視圖分離技術設計了用戶界面表示層對象和領域層對象間的交互方式，極大提高了領域對象的可重用性。
  9. The paper focused on how to apply the new technology xml in application and support layer of e - government effectively. we made thoroughly researches on the format of electronic official document based on xml, the method of using xsl to format electronic official document, the definition of e - government business process based on xml and xml web services. we achieved the works following : ( 1 ) electronic official documents in many government web sites are based on html, and created by people

    對基於xml的電子公文格式、用xsl格式化電子公文、使用xml來定義電子政務中的業務流程和xmlwebservices技術等新思想、新方法進行了深入地研究，主要完成了下列工作： （ 1 ）針對電子政務中數據交互的問題設計了一套基於xml的電子公文格式和針對該格式的xsl格式化樣式單，從而可以在程序中實現電子公文生成、顯示和傳輸的自動化，突破了目前大多數政府網站電子公文所採用的html靜態格式、人工生成頁面的方式，減少了政府網站建設過程中的重復性工作，減輕了繁重的維護任務。
  10. It is very important to estimate the basic parameters in helicopter preliminary design. neural network ( nn ) has the advantages in estimating accuracy and generalization over traditional methods. however, there are some difficulties in using nn, e. g., how to select a proper network structure and the number of hidden layers. in this paper, structure and connection weight of a three - layer nn are optimized by genetic algorithm, and the optimized network is applied to helicopter sizing. the proposed method can not only give an optimal nn structure and connection weight, but also reduce the prediction error and has the capability of self - learning when the latest data are available. furthermore, this method can be easily applied to helicopter design systems

    在直升機初步設計階段估算其基本參數是很重要的.神經網路的通用性和精度比傳統的估算方法有更多的優勢，但是在應用神經網路時存在如何選擇合適的網路結構和隱層節點數目等一些困難.應用遺傳演算法優化三層神經網路結構和連接權重，並將優化得到的網路應用於直升機參數選擇中.該方法不但可以給出一個最優的神經網路結構和連接權重，而且降低了估算誤差，具有及時應用最新數據學習的能力.此外，該方法易於在直升機設計系統中得到應用
  11. Using the system designed in this thesis work, flow field calibration of the wind tunnel is accomplished, which covers dynamic pressure drop coefficient, dynamic pressure time stability, axial static pressure gradient, boundary layer, and degree of turbulence, etc. boundary layer measuring principle and method are especially described in detail, the relationship between boundary layer thickness, wind speed setting, and the depth of the experimental section is summarized, and finally the calibration data for th e model center zone under specific wind speed are given

    然後利用本文設計的系統完成了落差系數、動壓時間穩定姓、軸向靜壓梯度、邊界層及湍流度等內容的流場校測。特別對邊界層測量的原理及方法做了較詳盡的敘述，總結出邊界層厚度與設定風速、實驗段深度的關系，然後給出模型中心區一定風速下校正數值。
  12. Calyptogen a layer of meristematic cells covering the root apical meristem in some plants ( e. g. grasses ) that gives rise to and maintains the root cap

    根冠原：在一些植物中覆蓋根頂端分生組織的一層具有分生能力的細胞，根冠原可以產生和維持根冠。
  13. In term of soil water coefficient of variation, the soil water profile in 0 - 100cm can be divided into 3 layers, i. e., hypoactive layer, hypoactive layer and correspondingly stable layer. these soil water layers varied along with soil water consumption seasons alternating

    就綠地類型而言，活躍與次活躍層總深度：本特草坪高羊茅草坪泡桐綠地；就季節變化而言，弱耗水期活躍與次活躍層淺，強耗水期深，微耗水期較深。
  14. The walls of some algae differ, e. g. the silica boxes enclosing diatoms, and the calcareous layer on the cell walls of calcareous algae

    一些藻類的細胞壁的化學成分有所不同，例如硅藻屬的細胞壁含有硅化物，石灰質藻類的細胞壁含有鈣。
  15. The deformation of the structure mainly focused on the isolated layers and the superstructure shift as a whole. the interlayer displacement of the isolation system is far low. the earthquake effect of the base - isolated structure is dicided on the horizontal stiffness and elastic and plastic capability of the isolated layer, the base shear, the interlayer shear, th ' e interlayer displacement of the isolation system is far lower than the result of the base - fixed system under the same condition of the superstructure

    橡膠墊隔震結構在水平地震作用下的反應以「整體運動」為主，結構位移主要發生在隔震層，上部結構的層間位移很小。隔震結構的地震反應主要決定於隔震層的剛度和彈塑性性能。其中，隔震結構的基底剪力，上部結構的層間剪力在多遇地震下，比不隔震時均有所降低。
  16. In the simulation and analysis on culvert construction, the method of foundation - pit excavation layer by layer and step by step was used, i. e. the method that makes the surface of excavation have no stress, when the elements were excavated gradually in period of construction. at this process, the state of soil is unloading, the laws of stress field and displacement field with the depth of excavation were studied. based on the obtained stress field and displacement field after the excavation was completed, by using of the newly increased filling - elements " gravity and the grinding force, the simulation of the construction of body of the culvert and foundation - pit ' s filling layer by layer had also been done in this dissertation

    用有限元法模擬分析涵洞基坑開挖時，採用分層、分步模擬開挖過程的方法，即將計算域內單元分層「挖去」 ，使開挖表面成為無應力表面的方法，分析土體在卸載狀態時的應力場和位移場隨開挖深度的變化規律；在洞體施工后，回填土體時，據開挖完成時的應力場、位移場，通過逐級增加計算域內的單元數目，施加每級新增加單元的自重荷載，利用有限元法模擬基坑及上覆土體分層填築的施工過程，這不僅反映土體處于再加載應力狀態時，填土受力及變形的一般規律，而且這種將地基? ?涵洞? ?土體作為一個統一整體進行模擬的方法，量化了三者之間的相互作用關系。
  17. Based on several actual cases, the temperature control measures for roller compacted concrete ( rcc ) gravity dam and arch dam such as structural jointing for construction ; lowering of concrete placing temperature ; water pipe cooling ; surface insulation ; inclined - layer placing etc., the measures to improve the material properties i. e. the application of micro - expanding concrete ; enhancement of material crack - resistance property and the requirement for the simulative analysis on both the temperature field and stress field as well as some problems concerned are summarized herein on the basis of the analysis on the material properties ; construction characteristics and the changing characteristics of the thermal stress of roller compacted concrete

    摘要從碾壓混凝土的材料特性、施工特點、溫度場溫度應力的變化特點入手，結合幾個工程總結了碾壓混凝土重力壩、拱壩的分縫方式，降低澆築溫度、水管冷卻、表面保溫、施斜層碾壓等溫控措施，採用微膨脹混凝土、提高材料抗裂性能等改善材料性能措施及碾壓混凝土溫度場、應力場模擬分析的要求和應注意的問題。
  18. In the electronic filing process, the return information will be end - to - end encrypted i. e. from the taxpayer to the department with strong encryption technology 128 - bit secure socket layer by using a " session " key and ird s public key

    報稅表資料在傳送到稅務局前，系統會使用強化加密技術128 - bit secure socket layer ssl ，以「對稱密碼匙」 session key一組由電腦隨機產生的數值及稅務局的「公開密碼匙」將資料作站對站式加密。
  19. In the return filing process, the return data will be end - to - end encrypted i. e. from the taxpayer to the department with strong encryption technology 128 - bit secure socket layer by using a " session " key and ird s public key so that data confidentiality can be preserved

    系統會使用強化加密技術128 - bit secure socket layer ssl ，以「對稱密碼匙」 session key一組由電腦隨機產生的數值及稅務局的「公開密碼匙」將資料作站對站式加密，以達保密效果。
  20. Markush coding is divided into 3 layers, i. e. natural language layer, formal language layer and extended connectivity table representation layer, to ensure the consistency of markush sructures and the recorded structures in database files. corresponding to the 3lcm, a concept of 2 level documents is adopted. based on these ideas, a set of software named msiis ( markush structure integrated inputting system ) is being developed to process chemical patent documents automatically

    在注重提高族性結構數據庫系統的一致性和檢索效率的原則下，設計了族性結構加工處理方案- - msiis系統，該系統通過建立族性結構三層編碼模型（ 3clm ）和兩級文檔存貯編碼，有效地保證了數據庫數據記錄與源文檔的一致性；通過對初處理文檔的優化編譯? ?即在最佳展開點展開族性結構? ?生成具有高檢索效率的標準文檔，這樣在數據庫記錄中就保證了檢索的高效率。
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