earthquake-resisting 中文意思是什麼

Recently, using solid clay brick is gradually prohibited, so the new wall material is required to fill up the new architecture. many sections research on this field, using fly ash to develop new building materials is the mostly adopted method, among the new building materials, fly ash foamed concrete is a noticeable one because of its outstanding merits such as light weight, heat preservation, sound insulation and good resisting earthquake. using fly ash to develop foamed concrete can not only become fly ash into resources, but also provide a new kind of building materials for the innovation of wall materials, which has good economy and society ben efits

近年來，由於墻改「禁實」政策的實施，市場急需新的墻體材料來填補新建築所需，許多單位相繼開展了各有關研究，綜合利用粉煤灰研製開發新型建材逐漸成為了主流，其中多孔混凝土特別是粉煤灰發泡混凝土，正以它突出的輕質、保溫、隔音、抗震效果好等優點，成為一種引人注目的建築材料，利用工業固體廢棄物粉煤灰研製發泡混凝土不僅能實現粉煤灰的資源化，而且還可為墻體材料的改革提供一種新型建築材料，具有較好的經濟效益和社會效益。

After the occurrence of a destructive earthquake, the local people ' s governments at or above the county level concerned shall set up headquarters for resisting earthquake and providing disaster relief, which shall mobilize the departments concerned to implement the emergency preplan for destructive earthquakes

破壞性地震發生后，有關的縣級以上地方人民政府應當設立抗震救災指揮機構，組織有關部門實施破壞性地震應急預案。

Article 30 after the occurrence of a severely destructive earthquake which causes tremendous losses, the state council shall set up a headquarters for resisting the earthquake and providing disaster relief, which shall mobilize the departments concerned to implement the emergency preplan for destructive earthquakes

第三十條造成特大損失的嚴重破壞性地震發生后，國務院應當成立抗震救災指揮機構，組織有關部門實施破壞性地震應急預案。

Steel moment - resisting frames with welded beam - to - column connections were traditionally regarded as having excellent performance, and widely adopted in steel constructions, but this opinion changed after the 1994 northrige earthquake and the 1995 hyogoken - nanbu earthquake. these earthquakes also arouse engineers to resurvey the behavior of end - plate connections

傳統觀點認為，樑柱焊接剛性連接具有較好的抗震性能，因此在工程中得到了廣泛地應用，但1994年的northrige地震和1995年的阪神地震改變了這種傳統觀點，這兩次地震也引起了工程技術人員對端板連接的再審視。

Owing to many advantages such as high load capacities, good fire and earthquake resisting behavior and convenience for construction. concrete - filled steel tubular ( cfst ) arches have been more and more widely used in practical constructions especially in highway and city arch bridges

鋼管混凝土拱形結構具有跨越距離大、承載能力高、塑性和韌性好、施工方便、耐火和耐腐蝕性能好等優點，在實際工程特別是公路和城市橋梁中得到了越來越廣泛的應用。

Abstract : the article analyzed the key link to the choosing structure forms, dealing with foundation, resisting earthquake consolidation, etc. on desings of the additional storeys and renovation of old brick buildings, this paper provided some ways and theroretic basis

文摘:就舊磚房增層改造設計中的結構形式選擇、基礎處理、抗震加固等關鍵環節進行了分析，為做好磚房增層改造設計工作提供了方法、理論依據

Pulsation observation for architectural structure with earthquake - resisting rubber supports and performance analysis of mitigation earthquake for the rubber supports

橡膠隔震支座建築結構脈動觀測與減震性能分析

This paper introduces the development and present situation of vibration absorb technology in the world ; generally analysis the rubber - bearing ( rb ) and lrb " s operative mechanism, function and the calculation of parameter ; advance the concept of standardization to lrb ; on the basis of generally analyzing the connected factor such as the site category, the diameter of lead bar, the height of bearing, the designing carrying capacity, the span of bridge, the inherent period and the displacement of rb, determine the parameter, the absorbing vibration target, the method and the process of standardization to lrb ; then according to the two - step rule of resisting and defending earthquake, and combining with the response spectrum theory in the seismic vibration of bridge, make a lot of calculation and analysis of vibration absorb design to the real bridge collected and combined by finite element program ; at last, gives the result of standardization through diagram and explains to its usage

本論文介紹了國內外減震技術的發展和現狀；綜合分析了普通板式橡膠支座和鉛銷橡膠支座的工作機理、性能及參數的計算；提出了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的概念；在綜合分析場地土、鉛銷直徑、支座高度、設計承載力、橋梁跨徑、固有周期以及支座變位等影響因素的基礎上，確定了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的參數、減震目標、方法和過程；並根據抗震設防兩階段原則，結合橋梁地震振動理論的反應譜法，運用有限元程序對收集和組合的實橋進行了大量減震設計的計算和分析；最後以圖表的形式給出了鉛銷橡膠支座標準化的結果，並說明了其使用方法。

It is well known that end - plate connections have definite flexibility, which can increase damp, prolong period, and decease swing of structure. so it can reduce the damage, and is one of the best choices for resisting earthquake

端板連接是一種具有一定柔性的連接形式，當框架結構採用這種節點時，可以增加結構的阻尼，延長結構自振周期，減小震幅，從而降低震害，是抗震的理想選擇之一。

Under the horizontal earthquake action and wind force, aim at " the pure frame structure with rectangle columns ", " the pure frame structure with special - shaped columns ", " the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns " and " frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns ", earthquake action analysis was done by the spacial finite element method through the changes structural parameter. analyzing systematically " structure vibration mode ", " vibration period ", " structure lateral rigidity ", " seismic action force ", " seismic response force ", " floor seismic shear force ", " lateral horizontal displacement of structure " and " members internal force ". results indicate : ( 1 ) based on equal area, the special - shaped columns replaced the rectangle columns, the structural lateral rigidity enlarges, the lateral displacement minishes obviously, the earthquake response increase slightly, the biggest increasing amount of frame columns axis - compress ratio is smaller than 0. 08. the whole aseismic performance of structure has improved ; ( 2 ) when the section ' s length and section ' s thickness ratio of special - shaped columns is smaller than 3. 6, the structure benefits to resist seismic action ; ( 3 ) the angle of horizontal seismic action with the whole coordinate is 0 degree, structure earthquake response is bigger, belonging to a control factor of structure aseismic design ; ( 4 ) the frame - truss structure with special - shaped columns and the " a " - brace has the biggest lateral rigidity ; ( 5 ) the frame - shear wall structure with special - shaped columns have bigger lateral rigidity and smaller displacement, members internal force enlarged just rightly, have much superiority of resisting seismic action ; ( 6 ) in the higher seismic fortification criterion region ( 8 degree of seismic fortification intensity ), aseismic disadvantageous building site ( iii type site ), adopting special - shaped columns structure system, should reduce possibly the building ' s self - weight in order to reduce the earthquake response ; ( 7 ) the response spectrum method of computing seismic response and the time - history analysis method have similar analysis result

西安理工大學碩士學位論文在水平地震作用下，並考慮風荷載組合，分別對「矩形柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱純框架結構」 、 「異型柱框一析架結構」及「異型柱框-剪結構」等四種結構體系，通過改變結構參數，運用空間有限元方法，進行地震作用計算。系統地分析研究「結構振型」 、 「振動周期」 、 「結構側向剛度」 、 「結構地震反應力」 、 「樓層地震剪力」 、 「結構側向位移」 、 「層間位移角」 ，以及「構件內力」 。結果表明:在等面積原則下，異型柱代換矩形柱后，結構剛度增大，側向位移明顯減小，地震反應力略有增加，框架柱軸壓比最大增幅小於8 % ，結構整體抗震性能有所提高;當異型柱肢長肢厚比小於等於3 . 6時，結構有利於抗震;水平地震作用力與整體坐標夾角為0度時，結構地震作用效應較大，屬結構設計的控制因素之一;異型柱框一析架結構採用「人」字斜撐，側向剛度大於「八」字斜撐和「人一八」字混合斜撐;異型柱框一剪結構側向剛度大、位移小，構件內力增大適中，是一種抗震性能優越的結構體系:在抗震設防烈度較高地區（ 8度）和抗震不利的建築場地（ m類場地） ，採用異型柱結構體系時，應盡可能減輕結構自重，降低地震作用力;分別採用「振型分解反應譜」法和「時程分析」法進行地震作用計算，兩種方法所得結果基本一致。

Eccentrically braced steel frames are a lateral load - resisting system which apply high intensity area and it can provide the high elastic stiffness that met higher steel building drift requirement. the links of eccentrically braced steel frames sustain large inelastic deformation without loss of strength under severe earthquake loading which demonstrate excellent energy - dissipation capacity and ductility

在罕遇地震時，由於耗能梁段屈服進入塑性，結構有很強的耗能能力和延性，是適用於高烈度震區的一種有效的抗側力結構體系。

In this paper, the theoretical evaluation method of structural earthquake resisting behavior, pushover analysis method, was expounded. and some valuable conclusion for application of pushover analysis method had been gained

本文以pushover法為基礎，研究把這種較為簡便的方法應用於已建建築結構抗震性能評估中的一些關鍵問題，通過本文的研究，解決了pushover法應用中的一些問題。

In practical application, it is often applied and extensively to floorslab structure in particular, and has prominent advantages as economizing materials, convenienting for construction, being in favor of resisting earthquake action, better monolithic property than assembled concrete structure

在工程實際應用中，特別是在樓蓋結構上的應用較為廣泛，且優點比較突出。這種結構整體性好，抗震性能優越（相對裝配式結構而言） ，節省三材，施工方便且縮短工期（相對整澆結構而言） 。

From the seismic response analysis of the bridge, these obtained conclusions will give some refences for practical earthquake resisting designing of continuous rigid frame bridges

通過對廟子坪岷江大橋的地震反應分析，期望能為連續剛構橋梁的抗震設計提供參考。

Several important conclusions are gained by the analysis of push - over method and quasi - static reversal load pattern to a reinforced concrete structure : under the two earthquakes, the responses of structure are more serious than the responses under single earthquake, by the conclusion, it is not rationality that structure ' s earthquake damage prediction under single earthquake ; the main - after earthquake action is different from fore - main earthquake action under the same earthquake magnitude combination ; the push - over analysis to the structure is convenient and utility, it also reflects the response and performance of structure under the earthquake, so the method ' s development future is wide. based on the research of the former scholars, some means of structure resisting earthquake are introduced in the last part of this thesis, and the result of earthquake damage prediction for the planning area of quanzhou city is given

通過對一鋼筋混凝土結構進行push - over分析與擬靜力循環往復加載分析，得到了一些重要結論：在兩次地震動作用下，結構物的反應比僅考慮一次地震動作用時的反應要嚴重的多，從而說明傳統上僅僅考慮一次地震動作用的建築物震害預測是不合理的：即使在同震級組合的兩次地震作用下，前震主震型、主震餘震型地震對結構物產生的破壞作用也是不盡相同的；對結構物進行靜力彈塑性分析的方法（ push - over方法）簡便實用，並能較準確地反映大震下結構的一般性能和反應，再一次的證明了該方法具有廣闊的發展前景；根據前人的研究成果，在本文的最後，簡單的介紹了一些結構物抵禦多次地震破壞作用的方法，並給出了泉州市規劃區內鋼筋混凝土框架結構群體震害預測的結果。