energy growth rate 中文意思是什麼

energy growth rate 解釋
能源增長率
  • energy : n. 1. 干勁，活力。2. （語言、行為等的）生動。3. 〈pl. 〉 （個人的）精力；能力。4. 【物理學】能，能量。
  • growth : n. 1. 生長，成長，發育，發展。2. 栽培，培養。3. 生長物，產物；【醫學】瘤，贅生物。4. 【經濟學】（資本價值與收益的）預期增長。
  • rate : n 1 比率，率；速度，進度；程度；（鐘的快慢）差率。2 價格；行市，行情；估價，評價；費，費用，運費...
  1. For the long term operation, the growth rate of temperature is higher than that of average temperature of the soil, the system analysis should therefore be implemented from the viewpoint of both energy equilibrium and heat barrier in order to ensure the whole stability and reliability

    長期運行中，熱屏障帶的溫度增長速率要高於土壤平均溫度的增長，建議從負荷平衡和熱屏障兩個角度進行分析，以保證地源熱泵系統穩定可靠的運行。
  2. A reliability experiment of thermal aging was carried out for the two types of joints, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x - ray spectrometer and micro x - ray diffractomer were adopted to investigate the interfacial evolution behavior of joints, and kinetics model of imc formation was established. the results show that imc growth follows the parabolic law as a function of aging time at certain aging temperature, imc growth is more sensitive to the aging temperature than the aging time, the activation energy of cu - al imc growth is 97. 1kj / mol and the major forming cu - al imc are cual2 and cu9al4, the activation energy of au - al imc growth is 40. 1kj / mol and the main au - al imc are au4al and au5al2, with au2al and aual at the interfacial periphery of joints, the rate of cu - al imc growth is about 1000 times slower than that of au - al imc, and kirkendall voids and cracks are easily appeared during thermal aging in gold ball bonds while voids and cracks are absent in copper ball bonds even after aging at 200 for 2900 hours and 250 for 169 hours

    研究結果表明:金屬間化合物厚度與老化時間的關系符合拋物線法則，金屬間化合物的生長對老化溫度比老化時間更加敏感; cu - al金屬間化合物生長的激活能為97 . 1kj / mol ，老化后金屬間化合物呈層狀分佈，主要相為cual2和cu9al4 ; au - al金屬間化合物生長的激活能為40 . 1kj / mol ，主要相為au4al和au5al2 ，同時在界面周邊區域生成了au2al和aual ;老化過程中cu - al金屬間化合物生長速率比au - al金屬間化合物生長速率小103數量級;金絲球鍵合點200老化96小時出現了明顯的kirkendall空洞和裂紋，但銅絲球鍵合點200老化2900小時和250老化169小時都沒有形成空洞和裂紋。
  3. Besides, the growth of gasb expitaxy film was monitored by reflection high energy electron diffraction ( rheed ). the rheed images and intesity oscillation are collected by computer system. it showed that the gasb film prepared in 400 was amorphous and it became monocrystalline when the temperature rose to 500. atomic force microscope ( afm ) was applied to analyse the surface morphology of the films which were grown in diffrent growth rates or substrate temperature. the analysis were compared to simulation results. the experiment results indicated it was easy to form clusters when the rate of growth is high or

    此外，本文通過反射式高能電子衍射（ rheed ）監測了gasb外延薄膜的生長，利用rheed強度振蕩的計算機採集系統實現了rheed圖像和rheed強度振蕩的實時監測。實驗發現在400生長的gasb薄膜為非晶態，溫度升高到500薄膜轉變為單晶。利用原子力顯微鏡對不同生長速率和襯底溫度生長的gasb薄膜的表面形貌進行觀察分析，並與模擬結果進行比較。
  4. For the optimization problem of fgms fracture performance, this paper fundamentally studies the fgm coating plate with interface edge - cracks, and establishes the approximate analysis method of the driving force for interface edge - cracks growth - energy release rate. this paper considers energy release rate as objective function and the optimization problem of fgms fracture performance is carried out by the paper mention optimization scheme

    關于梯度材料破壞性能的優化設計問題，本文對含邊界界面裂紋的平板狀梯度塗層進行了初步的研究，建立了邊界界面裂紋擴展驅動力- -能量釋放率的近似分析方法，以能量釋放率為優化設計目標函數採用本文提出的優化設計方案對梯度材料的破壞性能進行優化設計。
  5. ( 7 ) in the hot dry rock geothermal energy extraction system, the fracture width widen gradually with the heat extraction, after the system start to operate, in a month the width change rapidly, the growth rate exceed 100 %, and then the change become even, until 3 year, the variety is very small, almost towards to stability

    （ 7 ）在高溫巖體地熱開發中，其裂縫寬度是隨地熱提取而逐漸加寬的，在開始運行的一年內，寬度增長迅速，其增長率達到100 %以上，然後變得平緩，到3年後，變化很小，幾乎趨于穩定。
  6. From 1990 through 2004, china, on average, sustained an annual economic growth rate of 9. 3 % with about 5 % increase in annual energy consumption

    1990年至2004年，中國以年均增長5左右的能源消費支持了年均9 . 3的經濟發展速度。
  7. The result showed that plastic deformation during pre - strain played an restrained role on the growth of martensite ( especially in the direction of lath width ) and increase the nucleation rate indirectly ; the elastic energy induced by plastic deformation restrain the transformation of primary martensite but accelerate the transformation of after martensite

    實驗結果表明：預應變過程中造成的塑性變形對馬氏體生長（尤其是寬度方向）有約束作用，起間接提高馬氏體形核率的作用，所儲備的彈性應變能對初生馬氏體的轉變有抑制作用，但對繼生馬氏體的轉變卻有促進作用。
  8. The main factors to affect oil supply includes : opec ' s producing capacity and its production quota policy, oil stock, world oil production cost, politics and military factors, etc ; while the factors to influence oil demand is the world economic growth rate, the substitution energy, season changes, the speculation in the future stock market, etc. meanwhile the article has analyzed the price - decision model with the opec in the world oil market by the way of economic theory, disclosed respectively the different reason for the world oil price ' s slump in 1998 and the price ' s sudden and sharp rise in 1999, moreover it has made an detailed analysis and anticipation with the world oil price moving tendency in 2002

    對國際石油市場影響因素進行了分析，影響油價的供給因素主要有： opec的產能及其配產政策、石油庫存、世界石油生產成本和以政治、軍事等；影響油價的需求因素主要有：世界經濟增長、替代能源、季節性、期貨市場上投機行為等；並用經濟學的觀點對opec卡特爾組織在國際石油市場上的定價模型進行了分析，分別分析了1998年國際原油價格暴跌和1999年國際原油價格暴漲的原因，對2002年的國際原油市場的走勢進行了分析和預測。
  9. Secondly, we compared and analyzed the growing state, plant height, flower shape and seed setting ability, etc, of m2 tube seedlings and m3 greenhouse plants treated with low - energy n *. we found that the growth rates of m2 tube seedlings and m3 greenhouse plants were lower than that of control and the growth rate decreased with the treated doses from 60x1015, 40x1015 to 80 x 1015. vfe also found that many phenotypic variations appeared in m2 tube seedlings, including yellowing, lethality, semi lethality, morphological variation ( such as leaf and flower shape variations, plant height variation, etc )

    最後，對80次劑量處現的擬南芥的mz代試管稍和60次劑員處理的m3代溫室茵採用rapd技術對dna的差異進行了分析，檢測發現經低能n 」注入處理的材料，其pcr條帶缺失或增加，而對照組未發現明顯的變化，而且條帶的變異率隨劑量的升高而上升，從引物的角度看， 80次劑量處理的比代試管苗的多態性表現為67
  10. Using an endogenous growth model, this paper analyzes the relationship of energy consumption and economic growth, it proves that the optimal energy intensity that maximizes economic growth rate exists and the optimal energy intensity and energy price change in opposite directions

    摘要本文通過一個內生增長模型對能源消費與經濟增長的關系進行了分析，證實存在使經濟增長率最大化的最優能源強度，並且最優能源強度與能源價格反方向變動。
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