equivalent law 中文意思是什麼

equivalent law 解釋
當量定律
  • equivalent : adj 1 相當的，相同的，同等的。2 【化學】等價的，當量的；【數學】等價的；等量的；等勢的；【物理學...
  • law : n 勞〈姓氏〉。n 1 法律，法令；法典。2 法學；訴訟；司法界；律師（界），律師職務。3 （事物或科學的...
  1. Fist of all, on the basis of the research of agone boffins, this author investigates the interaction mechanism of bolts and rock, and introduces the elastic ? lastic analytical resolution which is consist of the liner structure, the equivalent reinforced wall rock and the original wall rock in the simple loading from the equivalent well - proportioned view ; this solution is very important meaning for the engineering design. on the basis of coulomb friction model, the author introduces the finite element equation of the contact problem in order to provide the academic foundation for the application of msc. marc. finally, combining the engineering practice of the non - linear analysis of shield tunnel through yellow river of the south - north water transfer and using the model of friction, the author researched the evolution law of stress and displacement field in the structure of grouted rock bolts, and analyzed the effect to the stress and deformation of surrounding rock mass due to anchor supports

    首先，在前人研究成果的基礎上，對錨桿與圍巖的相互作用機理進行研究，利用全長錨固錨桿的中性點理論，從等效均化的角度來考慮錨桿對圍巖的加固作用，並推導了在簡單荷載作用下，含有襯砌、等效加固后的圍巖、原始圍巖三者的彈塑性解析解，對工程設計有著重要的參考意義；在數值模擬方面，以考慮錨固圍巖滿足規則化庫侖摩擦模型為基礎，利用虛功原理推導了接觸問題的有限元方程的計算格式，為開發運用大型商用有限元軟體msc . marc提供了理論根據，也形成了本文的理論基礎：最後，論文以南水北調東線穿黃隧洞穩定性分析項目為工程實例，利用本文所述的接觸問題的摩擦模型理論，對錨桿支護結構的應力場、位移場的變化規律進行了研究，分析了加錨支護對隧洞圍巖應力、變形的影響。
  2. We get the math module according to the second law of newton and the foundation of the dynamics, analysis the force of the cart and pendulum, and adopt the concept of " the equivalent cart ". during writing the equitation of the system, the equitation has been processed by linear

    利用牛頓第二定律及相關的動力學原理等建立數學模型，對小車和擺分別進行受力分析，並採用等效小車的概念，列舉狀態方程，進行線性化處理，最後通過極點配置，得到變量系數陣。
  3. The ( hbnceptiori of equivalent weight is put forward to build the model of rotary kiln " s axial movement by using the law of conservation of momentum

    提出了當量質量的概念，運用動量定律建立起回轉窯軸向運動速度模型。
  4. Standing on the position of law philosophy and sociology of law there are the criticism 、 deconstruction 、 reconstruction to modernism by postmodernism. standing on the position of semeiology the criticism to modernism can be equivalent to the criticism to platonism. modernism insists absolute reason and integrity

    從法哲學、法社會學的角度來說，目前正存在著后現代對現代性的批判、解構與重構，從符號學的角度說，對現代性的批判可以放到一個更大范圍內的對柏拉圖主義的批判。
  5. Article 62 " the amount of payment " mentioned in article 19, paragraph 2 of the tax law means cash payments, payment by remittances, and amounts paid by account transfers, as well as amounts in equivalent cash value paid in non - cash assets or rights and interests

    第六十二條稅法第十九條第二款所說的支付的款額，是指現金支付、匯撥支付、轉賬支付的金額，以及用非貨幣資產或者權益折價支付的金額。
  6. Article 213 unit of account mentioned in this law refers to the special drawing right as defined by the international monetary fund ; its equivalent in renminbi shall be the amount calculated in terms of the conversion rate from the special drawing right of the international monetary fund to renminbi as prescribed by the competent state foreign exchange authority at the date of the judgement of the court, the date of the award of arbitration agency or the date agreed between the parties concerned

    第二百一十三條本法所稱計算單位，是指國際貨幣基金組織規定的特別提款權；其人民幣數額為法院判決之日、仲裁機構裁決之日或者當事人協議之日，按照國家外匯主管機關規定的國際貨幣基金組織的特別提款權對人民幣的換算辦法計算得出的人民幣數額。
  7. Based on the pull - out tests data between geogrids and expansive soil / sands arranged by the orthogonal table l9 ( 34 ), the following conclusions are reached : 1 ) the displacement - properties of pullout tests depend on the pullout speed. the law of factors " affecting degree, which influences the parameters between geogrids and soils in the pulling - out procedure, is obtained. with the concept of " equivalent pull - out displacement ( x ) " brought forward, the whole process of pull out tests is divided into two process - " main process ( when x 1. 0 ) " and " residual process ( when x 1. 0 ) ", and three stages - static friction resistance stage, slip friction resistance stage, and residual friction resistance stage

    基於正交設計表l9 （ 3 ~ 4 ）分別安排了影響因素與土工格柵膨脹土或砂土界面相互作用參數的拉拔試驗數據，獲悉： 1 ）拉拔試驗位移特性主要取決于影響因素中拉拔速率；通過分析並獲取影響因素對筋土界面相互作用參數的影響程度及其在拉拔試驗過程中的變化規律，提出了當量拉拔位移（ x ）的概念，並據此將拉拔試驗全過程劃分成「主過程（ x 1 . 0 ） 」和「殘余過程（ x 1 . 0 ） 」 ；且將影響因素對拉拔力或摩擦阻力系數的影響程度分成三階段（靜摩擦阻力階段、滑動摩擦阻力階段，殘余摩擦阻力階段） ； 2 ）不同（規范）定義的筋土界面摩擦阻力系數數值相差較大，但影響因素對摩擦阻力系數影響程度及其變化規律不會因不同（規范）定義而受到影響。
  8. And, due to the inability to prove that, by taking the society as a whole, and from a comparatively long period, the overall price of commodity is equivalent to its overall value, the exchange of equal value, as the law of value, should also be interpreted as the exchange of equal price

    再有，由於無法論證從一個較長的歷史時期和全社會范圍來看商品的總價格等於總價值，由此，價值規律的「等價交換」要求應表述為「等價格交換」 。
  9. Article 99 where conversion of a limited liability company to a joint stock limited company is approved in accordance with the law, the total value of the converted shares shall be equivalent to the company ' s net assets value

    第九十九條：有限責任公司依法經批準變更為股份有限公司時，摺合的股份總額應當相等於公司凈資產額。
  10. Clause 9 in the event that an employer is on the verge of bankruptcy which entails any rationalization required by the law, or it has to lay off staff as a result of operational difficulties, the employer shall pay the staff who are made redundant such economic compensation based on the length of period they have worked, which is equivalent to one month s wage for every year they have worked in the enterprise

    第九條用人單位瀕臨破產進行法定整頓期間或者生產經營狀況發生嚴重困難，必須裁減人員的，用人單位按被裁減人員在本單位工作的年限支付經濟補償金。在本單位工作的時間每滿一年，發給相當於一個月工資的經濟補償金。
  11. The conventional variable structure control technique for uncertain system requires that the uncertainty bound is known as a premise to assure robustness. the requirement creates an over - conservative controller and enlarges chattering. the proposed controller regards the influence of unknown disturbances and parameter uncertainties as an equivalent disturbance and generates an on - line estimation used in smc to cancel the slowly varying uncertainties by the mechanism of time delay. the reaching law approach is used to get the conditions and band of quasi - sliding mode. the new methodology offers a robust feedback control with much lower gains and reduces chattering without a prior knowledge of the uncertainty bounds or matched conditions

    常規變結構控制用於不確定系統，須利用不確定性界確保系統的魯棒性，控制器過于保守且抖振變大.本文把未知干擾和參數不確定性的影響等效為名義系統的外界干擾，利用時延技術對干擾進行在線估計，並將估計值引入到變結構控制中，從而抵消掉系統中的慢變不確定性，利用離散趨近律法，推出了準滑動模態的存在條件及其帶寬.該方法克服了以往控制方法中須已知不確定性界的限制，且不必滿足匹配條件，用較低的控制增益保證了系統的魯棒性，降低了準滑動模態帶即削弱了抖振
  12. Abstract : the conventional variable structure control technique for uncertain system requires that the uncertainty bound is known as a premise to assure robustness. the requirement creates an over - conservative controller and enlarges chattering. the proposed controller regards the influence of unknown disturbances and parameter uncertainties as an equivalent disturbance and generates an on - line estimation used in smc to cancel the slowly varying uncertainties by the mechanism of time delay. the reaching law approach is used to get the conditions and band of quasi - sliding mode. the new methodology offers a robust feedback control with much lower gains and reduces chattering without a prior knowledge of the uncertainty bounds or matched conditions

    文摘:常規變結構控制用於不確定系統，須利用不確定性界確保系統的魯棒性，控制器過于保守且抖振變大.本文把未知干擾和參數不確定性的影響等效為名義系統的外界干擾，利用時延技術對干擾進行在線估計，並將估計值引入到變結構控制中，從而抵消掉系統中的慢變不確定性，利用離散趨近律法，推出了準滑動模態的存在條件及其帶寬.該方法克服了以往控制方法中須已知不確定性界的限制，且不必滿足匹配條件，用較低的控制增益保證了系統的魯棒性，降低了準滑動模態帶即削弱了抖振
  13. These clarifications will provide a basis for certification to the u. s. congress that these elements of the final accession package are equivalent to our bilateral 1999 agreement, a prerequisite if the u. s. is to provide permanent normal trade relations to china under u. s. law. 1

    這些事項的澄清將為向美國國會證明加入世貿組織的最後協議的內容等同於我們1999年的雙邊協議提供根據。這是美國根據美國法律給予中國永久正常貿易關系地位的前提條件。
  14. A recognised degree, preferrably a bachelor of law or social science, from a university in hong kong, or equivalent

    持有香港的大學頒發的認可學位，最好是法律學士學位或社會科學學士學位，或具備同等學歷；
  15. According to the serial - parallel, fourier law and equivalent thermal conductivity principles, the theoretical model of heat transfer for thermal conducting plastics and the theoretical formula of the predicted thermal conductivity could be built up by analyzing a thermal conducting element

    摘要運用等效熱導率法則，對填充型導熱塑料中的一個導熱單元進行分析，根據熱量傳遞的串並聯原理及傅立葉定律，建立導熱塑料中熱量傳遞的理論模型，推導出預測其熱導率的理論公式。
  16. The first law tells us that work output cannot be produced without an equivalent amount of energy input.

    第一定律告訴我們，如果沒有等當量的能量輸入，就不可能產生輸出功。
  17. This paper establishes the mathematic model according to the second law of newton and the foundation of the dynamics and analyses respective the force of cart and pendulum adopted the concept of " the equivalent cart " to linearization. the paper specialize the control ability of pendulum system using linear system theory and perform the control of the inverted pendulum applying state feedback theory through pole collocate

    本文首先利用牛頓第二定律及相關的動力學原理建立二級倒立擺的數學模型，對小車和擺分別進行受力分析，並採用等效小車的概念進行線性化處理，並運用線性系統理論分析了這個系統的能控性，提出了應用狀態反饋理論，通過極點配置實現對倒立擺的控制。
  18. The equilibrium thermal radiation in a flat space - time or a curved space - time behaves like planck black spectrum represented with coordinate quantities. we regard the fact that the radiation from a thermal equilibrium system shows planck black spectrum as a basic physics law, from which it is demonstrated that the transitivity of clock rate synchronization is equivalent to the zeroth law of thermodynamics. the condition of clock rate synchronization is weaker than that constructing simultaneity surfaces. in the space - time satisfying the condition of clock rate synchronization, the zeroth law of thermodynamics is valid. on the other hand, in the space - time where the zeroth law is valid, one can define an identical clock rate

    平直或彎曲時空中的平衡熱輻射，表現出用坐標量表示的普朗克黑體譜.把熱平衡系統的輻射具有普朗克黑體譜作為一條基本的物理規律，以此為基礎，論證鐘速同步的傳遞性等價于熱力學第零定律.鐘速同步的條件比建立同時面的條件要弱.滿足這一條件的時空，熱力學第零定律在其中成立.第零定律成立的時空，一定可以定義統一的鐘速
  19. All records are classified into three site conditions. for the two components of a record, two energy equivalent spectra are calculated, and the geometric mean of the two spectra are adopted to analysis by two - stage regression method using an attenuation model. then the attenuation law is attained

    對每一條記錄，取了兩個分量所計算的能量譜的幾何平均值，選擇了衰減模型，利用兩步回歸法，對這些能量等效速度譜做了統計擬合分析，得出了地震動四種能量反應譜隨震級、距離等參數的衰減規律。
  20. Supposed the two nonreversible deformations both obey the drucker law, the plastic loading function was established based on experimental data and the plastic work was used as hardening parameter supposed loess damage is mostly due to shear and the damage potential function has the same form of the equivalent plastic strain line in the plastic part, the damage potential function was gained by fitting the test data

    假定兩類不可逆變形都服從drucker公設，根據試驗數據確定以塑性功為硬化參數的塑性加載函數。認為損傷主要由於剪切產生，假定損傷勢函數與塑性部分的塑性剪應變等值線具有相同的形式，通過試驗數據擬合得到損傷勢函數，然後根據損傷理論推導建立q1黃土的彈塑性損傷本構模型。
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