essential cost 中文意思是什麼
essential cost
解釋
必要費用-
" more needs to be done for older people during the winter months so that they can heat their homes adequately without worrying about the cost. " it is essential that older people keep warm during the winter
他還說： 「在冬季的幾個月中，我們需要為這些老年人做更多的事情，以便他們能住上更暖和的屋子而不用擔心費用問題。 」 -
Enterprises must compare with the best satisfaction value after receiving the index satisfaction at all levels, find out one ' s own advantage and disparity from it, implement and improve, about improve model question that input and output maximized in fact, enterprises are in a situation that the capital cost is certain, the rational input to each index of distribution, make customer satisfaction get the greatest improvement customer satisfaction test and assessment is a dynamic course, enterprises must also implement a lot of investigations, measure satisfaction value many times, in order to check the impro ved result, cany on essential adjustment, make the improvement scheme correspond to reality
企業在得到各級指標滿意度之後，必須與最佳滿意度值比較，從中找出自己的優勢和差距，實施改進，關于改進模型實際上是投入產出最大化的問題，企業在投資額一定的情況下，合理的分配對各個指標的投入，使得顧客滿意度得到最大的提高。顧客滿意度測評是一個動態的過程，企業還必須實行多次調查，多次測量滿意度值，以檢查改進的效果，進行必要的調整，使得改進方案符合實際。 -
In this paper the authors first analyze the cost of cluster enterprises and market equilibrium, then suggest two methods to enlarge cluster scale, and point out that it is essential to increase agglomeration economies for industrial cluster development
本文在分析集群企業成本和市場均衡的基礎上提出了擴大集群規模的兩種方法，認為提高聚集經濟才是最根本的方法。 -
For a corporation to survive and develop in the new completive surrounding, keeping low cost priority is an essential way
在新的競爭條件下，企業要生存和發展，保持低成本競爭優勢是其不可偏廢的策略。 -
In order to implementing these principles, firstly, the value and price of water resources have been studied separately, a model about the sustainable use relationship between value and cost has been funded and it is successfully used to the east route project of water transferring from south to north in china. secondly, the principles of initial allocation of regional water resources have been studied, in which the essential is to how to coordinate and resolve the relationship between efficiency and equity based on the principle of sustainable development. an allocation methodology that coordinates and takes account of the both has been formulated and the game theory has been used to analysis the conflicts between efficiency and equity in various allocation methods
本文的研究以可持續發展與水資源可持續利用的關系分析為著眼點，提出了水資源可持續利用的基本原則，為實現這些基本原則，進行了水資源價值與使用成本的研究，提出了價值與成本的可持續利用關系模型，並運用於南水北調東線工程的價格制定；進行了區域水資源初始分配原則的研究，其關鍵在於如何處理與協調可持續發展原則下的效率與公平性關系，本文提出了協調與兼顧兩者的分配原則，並採用博弈理論進行不同分配方式中效率與公平沖突的分析，結果為採用水市場加水資源費的分配模式，與數學分配模型一致。 -
Housing is the essential condition that mankind survives on, it " s the carrier of family and also the most basic living cost for human, it meets people " s multi - level demands of surviving, developing and even recreation
住宅作為人類生存的必要物質條件，是家庭的物質載體，也是人類生活最基本的物質消費資料，它可以滿足人們生存、發展乃至享受多層次的需求。 -
This thesis regard internal property reorganization in the group of pangang as the research object, from chengdu seamless steel pipe limited liability company with chengdu iron and steel works inside exterior environment reorganizing in front and back commences, making use of to exceed the makel - bot with of five factors competition models and the method of factors analysis, after analyzing the reorganization of the business enterprise a profession for facing competes the situation. develop the development the business enterprise with the profession industry from the international local profession rival circumstance after analyzing the reorganization should the market position of the establishment with develop the strategy target. make use of the swot the analysis the method, to after the reorganization the development strategy of the business enterprise, from manage the angle proceeded the fixed position analyzes, for after the reorganization business enterprise development provided four kinds of developments strategy that eligibility choose : the brave development strategy, request the resources advantage, funds advantage, human resource advantage, technique advantage that new company make the most of new business enterprise in empress in reorganization, is an essential condition to increases to manage the level, quickly technique reforms, develop the high and additional worth product with new product production line, as soon as quikly change to strong and large business enterprise, realizes soon steel aircraft carrier dream ; dispersion strategy, the technology market quota with deal with produce high additional worth product, completely promote business enterprise brand image, extend high carry product of the exaltation product, is a necessary means to increases business enterprise performance, realizes business enterprise target ; defense strategy, adjusting the business enterprise organizes construction, reducing the intensive type in labor and the low additional worth product line, lower bad the property saves the deal, alleviating the business enterprise burden, attaining the casual wear go to battle, benefitting to the challenge that make frontal attack the rival ; withdraw strategy, compress the production of the high depletion and high cost product, simplify the production craft, controlling the cost of the end product in the lower level, is a valid path to increases business enterprise competition ability
本論文以攀鋼集團內部的資產重組為研究對象，從成都無縫鋼管有限責任公司與成都鋼鐵廠重組前後的內外部環境入手，運用邁克爾?波特的五力競爭模型及因素分析法，分析了重組后的企業所面臨的行業競爭態勢。從國際國內行業競爭對手情況和本行業發展動態分析了重組后企業應確立的市場地位和發展戰略目標。運用swot分析法，對重組后企業的發展戰略，從管理角度進行了定位分析，為重組后企業發展提供了可選擇的四種發展戰略：即大膽發展戰略，要求新公司充分運用重組后新企業的資源優勢，資金優勢，人力資源優勢，技術優勢，是提高管理水平，加快技術改造，開發高附加值產品和新產品生產線，盡快立於強勢企業之林，早日實現「鋼鐵航母」夢的必要條件；分散性戰略，提高產品的科技含量和生產高附加值的產品，全面提升企業品牌形象，擴大高端產品的市場份額，是提高企業效益，實現企業目標的必要手段；防禦性戰略，調整企業組織結構，削減勞動密集型和低附加值產品生產線，降低不良資產存量，減輕企業包袱，做到輕裝上陣，有利於迎擊競爭對手的挑戰；退出性戰略，壓縮高消耗、高成本產品的生產，降低低端產品的比例，精簡生產工藝，將最終產品的成本控制在較低水平，是提高企業競爭力的有效途徑。 -
In accordance with relevant theory of regulation economics, the dissertation points out government regulation, while offering public goods, leads to negative effect due to regulation rent and regulation capture etc. combining with the analysis of regulation cost and benefit, the dissertation proves government must consider regulation cost while implementing essential regulation, and pay attention to the efficiency of regulation
結合監管的成本和效益分析，說明政府實施必要的監管的同時必須考慮監管的成本，注重監管的效率。其次，從公開、公平、公正的法學角度，闡述了期貨公司監管的法學基礎。 -
Steel - making process is key process in steel manufacture process. it is essential for someone to make reasonable planning and scheduling in order to achieve production of smooth logistics, quality steel and efficient cost
煉鋼生產作為鋼鐵製造過程的一個重要環節，合理的生產組織和調度是保證生產物流暢通，實現高效、優質和低成本生產的關鍵。 -
The security system of minimum living cost for rural residents has great realistic significance for safeguarding essential living for rural residents and promoting the social and economical development in rural areas and building the new socialist countryside
摘要完善農村居民最低生活保障制度對保障農民群眾的基本生活權益、促進農村社會經濟穩定協調發展以及盡快建設社會主義新農村有著重要的現實意義。 -
Finally, after the essential factors that effect the ticket price of chongqing light rail transit are analyzed theoretically, this paper conclude that the optimal price level, which is between the marginal cost and the average cost, can be determined by ramsey pricing model and the idea of “ peak - load pricing ”
從理論上分析了影響重慶輕軌2號線票價的主要因素，提出了這個介於邊際成本和盈虧平衡之間的最優票價水平可以由拉姆齊（ ramsey ）定價模型和「高峰負荷定價法」確定。 -
Consequently, in order to promote the application of water - saving irrigation technology. it is essential that ( 1 ) to strengthen farmers " participation in irrigation technology construction and management ; ( 2 ) to introduce credit means and scientific research of high technology and low cost ; ( 3 ) to carry out policy of adjustment of agricultural water price and product structure accordingly ; ( 4 ) to form system of water - saving irrigation technology according to water resource reserves and farmers " economical endurance in different areas
為此，提出以下促進中國農業節水灌溉技術應用的政策建議： （ 1 ）加強灌溉工程建設和管理中的農戶參與。 （ 2 ）運用信貸手段和加強高科技含量、低成本的節水技術的科研投入等政府政府支持政策來激勵農產的技術需求。 （ 3 ）實行灌溉水價的結構性調整和農業生產結構調整相結合的策略，以便增強農戶技術改造的積累能力； （ 4 ）依據農業資源的地區性差異和農戶的經濟承受能力，分區域構建節水灌溉技術體系。 -
Firstly, this paper advances these viewpoints about the mechanism of financial development : a ) the development of financial structure improves the sector configuration of capital ; b ) financial deepening intensifies the mechanism of cost - income about the sector distribution of capital ; c ) the theory of endogenetic financial development settles the ultimate power of the sector distribution of capital. secondly, this paper analyzes the exterior effects of the sector distribution of capital that financial development leads and disequilibrium effects of financial development. thirdly, the key of advancing the financial development is to keep the role of government rational so as to make financial development " essential "
以下三點構成本文的基本成果：第一、系統總結了金融發展理論關于資本部門分配的觀點，提出金融結構發展具有改善資本部門結構作用、摘要金融深化強化資本部門分配的成本收益機制、內生金融發展則解決了資本部門分配的根本動力的新見解;第二、分析了中國金融發展對經濟增長的外部效應、金融發展對資本部門分配效率的實際影響、資本分配「部門歧視」的不合理金融制度安排以及金融發展與經濟增長可能產生的多重均衡;第三、文章由此得出了別具一格的原則性建議:我國金融發展優化資本部門分配的關鍵在於實現金融發展「實質化」 ，而金融發展「實質化」的關鍵是優化金融制度安排，優化金融制度安排的核心是政府作用理性。 -
The efficiency of institutional change lies on the coupling extent of market mechanism and macro - policy, therefore how to reduce the cost of institutional change, how to shorten the duration of institutional innovation, and how to bui ld the effective pattern of the grain market - oriented reform, and so forth, these issues " essential rests with whether the economic main body have impetus to stand by the institutional arrangement according to government thought at the given seedtime
糧食制度變遷的效率取決於市場運行機制與宏觀政策的耦合程度，因此，如何減少糧食制度變遷的成本、如何縮短糧食制度創新的時間、如何建立有效率的糧食市場化模式等一系列問題的實質在於：在特定的糧食發展階段上，經濟主體是否有動力按照政府的思路去遵守糧食制度安排。 -
Aiming at the concrete need in srttep construction and embodying the managing theory of the combination of the prearranging programming and comprehensive control, the article proposes the cpm - based schedule operating program of srttep on the basis of the relationship among schedule program, cost and quality which thus realizes the close combination of schedule program and project control ; based on the comparative analysis of experience estimation method, factor estimation method, wbs estimation method and comparison estimation method, the cost controlling strategy is worked out that attaches importance to the srttep cost budget and market economy situation. meanwhile, comprehensive quality management theory is introduced in the project " s schedule program. aiming at subsidiary project bidding, equipment purchase, essential quality inspection, detailed quality insurance system and rules are worked out so as to achieve the goal of high - quality construction of srttep
（ 3 ）針對川塔項目施工建設具體需要，在充分體現項目事前規劃與全面控制相結合管理思想和所進行的項目wbs結構分解基礎上，基於項目進度? ?費用成本? ?質量三者之間的關系，提出了基於cpm關鍵路線法的川塔項目進度計劃制定方案，實現了進度規劃與控制的緊密結合；在對比分析經驗估演算法、因素估演算法、 wbs估演算法、類比估算等方法和技術基礎上，制定了側重於預算的川塔項目成本基本規劃方法，以及結合市場經濟情況的成本控制策略；同時將全面質量管理思想，引入了項目施工方案中，針對子項目招標、設備采購、重點質量監控點等設立了詳細的質量保障機制和細則，以確保達到工程優質建設的目標。 -
Whether the control progress of the project is effective, it will decide the final benefit of society and economy on the protection. however, it ' s the key of the success or failure whether we could valid and accurately fix the control goal and effectively command the project according to it during the project implementation. in the light of cybernetics, a works project is a goal system composed of many goals and inherent interaction, among which cost, progress, quality are three essential goals
本文將工程項目管理的理論方法應用於數控銑床的改造項目，此項目在實施過程中採用工程項目管理的控制論方法進行全面控制，進行了項目成本的概預算以及項目實施中的各階段控制，在滿足要求的基礎上不斷完善;採用邀請招標的方法，確定最終技術方案，簽訂技術合同;針對項目的具體情況進行了項目進程式控制制，使項目的周期縮至最短;採用全面質量管理對項目的質量進行控制，使之達到預期的質量目標;對項目的成本控制是此次項目最基本、最關鍵的，也是最難點，從招標到項目結束，成本控制貫串始終，最終對項目需要驗收的內容進行檢驗。 -
To limit the cost, enhancement of foundational institutions is essential, especially the enhancement of those aiming at regularizing behavior of fiscal department and other departments and those related with stimulating the use of budgets
因此，應加強基礎性制度構建，使財政部門與其它部門的工作規則制度化，建立預算資金使用的激勵機制。 -
Directing against some unreasonable practices of evaluation organizations in china at present, combined with evaluation work practices of more than ten years, requirements for strengthening preparation work before assets evaluation in power industry have been put forward, and essential factors for assets evaluation in power industry, such as capital cost, reasonable construction period, interest rate in the construction period, economic depreciation resulting from environmental protection etc., being expounded
摘要針對當前我國評估機構的一些不合理之處，結合十多年評估工作實踐，從電力資產的特點出發，對電力資產評估要素，如資金成本、合理建設工期、建設期利率、環保因素產生的經濟性貶值等分別進行了論述。 -
Power plants converse elementary energy into electric power most of which are coal - burned power plants with a efficiency from 25 percent to 40 percent because of technology limit. as competition mechanism has been introduced into electric market and the identity of electric production, cost competition become the essential competition in electric market at present
發電廠是將一次能源轉換成二次能源的企業，在我國，絕大多數電能是由火電廠生產的，總體能耗成本十分高，受熱機技術的限制，燃料的化學能轉換成電能的效率不高，僅在25 ? 40之間。 -
Viewing of the angle of kitchen production, the reasonable allocation of kitchen staff can not only guarantee the kitchen production in a systematic fashion, but also assure essential cost of labor force, thus avoiding unnecessary fund waste
從廚房生產的角度來說，廚房人員的合理配置既可以保證廚房生產的有序進行，又可以保證必須的勞動力成本，避免不必要的資金浪費。
分享友人