export substitution 中文意思是什麼

export substitution 解釋
出口替代
  • export : n 1 輸出，出口。2 出口貨；〈pl 〉輸出額。3 【無線電】呼叫，振鈴。adj 輸出的，出口的。vt 1 輸出，...
  • substitution : n. 1. 代，代用，代替，更替，置換。2. 【化學】取代；【數學】代換；代入；【法律】預定繼承人；【語法】詞的代用。adj. -al ,-ary adj.
  1. Especially. the cotton textile industry. after the development of import substitution, obtained the ability which leaded to the exportment, the ability of international competition was powered because of the above change of export process industry and the lift of the level of export substitution, its played an important role to push economic development in modem china

    正是由於出口加工業的上述變化和出口替代水平的提高，它對近代中國的經濟發展所起的推動作用也是重大的。它擴大了出口，奠定了創匯的堅實基礎，很大程度上平衡了外貿上的赤字差距，提供了工業化所需的資金。
  2. The industrial strategy is geared towards export - oriented manufacture, although there is plenty of room to invest in the import - substitution sector

    產業戰略的目標是出口型製造業，雖然進口替代部門也有很大的投資空間。
  3. The thesis offers propositions in three levels ： the suitable strategy for chinese auto industry should be the combination of the import - substitution strategy, the export - orientation strategy and the cut - across strategy

    作者認為，我國汽車工業應把進口替代戰略、出口導向戰略和超越戰略有機結合起來，形成「創新力跨越戰略」 。
  4. On the base, the cheap labor resources in china, the expensive international long distance freight, the seasonal delicacy of many raw materials and its inconvenience in storage forwarded the process of the product that had been exported. and also because of the incitement of high profit of the export product, modern chinese inflexible pursuit of the industrialization and the severely patriotic spirit, pushed the convert of export process industry : from foreign merchant controlling the process industry alone to the native people investing in the expert process industry, from the raw material and elementary product to the deep finished goods, from semi - processed goods to terminal products, from light industry goods to heavy chemical industry goods, and so export substitution developed silk - spinning, silk - weaving, cotton - spinning and weaving, the bean process, the egg process, noodle industry and etc were most outstanding. and also some heavy chemical industry products such as steel cement sour alkali and etc beginned to be exported

    其中有一點就是中國成了工業列強的原料品供應地，正是在此基礎上，由於中國勞力資源的便宜，國際長途運費的昂貴，以及許多原料品的時鮮性和不便於儲存，它們推動了該類產品的出口加工；也由於出口品高利潤的刺激，和近代中國人對工業化的執著追求以及強烈的愛國精神，促使出口加工業的發展由外商控制到國人投資經營轉化，由加工原料初級品向一定的深加工品轉化，由生產半成品向終端產品轉化，由輕工業品向重化工業品加工轉化，出口替代就這樣發展了起來。它以生絲、絲織、棉紡織、豆類加工、蛋製品、麵粉等加工最為突出，同時也興起一部分重化工業產品如鋼鐵、水泥、酸堿等的加工出口，呈現出一些較明顯的積極的發展趨勢。
  5. In this thesis, abundant statistical data are contained, two methods are employed to give a positive analysis on the elasticity of demand ( eod ) of i & e in china during the period from 1990 to 2001 from the following three aspects : firstly, regression analysis is applied to calculate the average eod of the general i & e. generally speaking, the export is rich in price eod while the import has a poor one. in addition, the absolute value of the sum of these two kinds of elasticity is higher than 1, which accords with marshall - lener condition and proves that devaluation of rmb should be helpful to improve the trade balance. suggestion is further provided such as cutting off producing cost of export, improving technology and implementing strategy of import substitution to improve trade balance

    本文運用豐富的統計數據資料、兩種方法、從三個層次實證分析了1990 - 2001年我國進出口商品的需求彈性：首先，運用回歸分析法計算總體進出口商品的平均彈性，得出我國出口商品總體富有價格彈性，而進口商品總體缺乏價格彈性，進出口需求價格彈性之和的絕對值大於1 ，符合馬歇爾?勒納條件，人民幣貶值有助於改善貿易收支的結論，並提出降低出口商品生產成本、提高生產技術水平、實施進口替代戰略來改善貿易收支；其次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算約100種主要出口商品和約50種主要進口商品的總體需求價格彈性，對其結果進行分析，進一步驗證了前述結論；再次，運用彈性定義法逐年計算農產品、鋼鐵、汽車、醫藥等五大類八種商品的進出口需求價格彈性，根據其不同的分佈狀況，聯系實際經濟情況，提出相應的匯率、價格及產業政策以改善貿易收支。
  6. On the basis of brief reviewing the progress of the researches about the relative fields at home and abroad, the system of economic sustainable development of huangling county was qualitatively analyzed in the thesis according to the life - cycle theory of products and industries, the theory of export guiding and the theory of economic sustainable development. and the method of systematic dynamics was applied in programming and mockingly regulating the ec onomic sustainable development of huangling, the best model for the economic sustainable development of county regions was discussed. and pointed out that the key to realizing the economic sustainable development of county regions was to suitably adjust the industrial structure, to transform the single structure into the multiple - levels and diversified structure and then to realize the recreation and substitution of advantages by developing coal industry and some non - coal industries such as agriculture and tourism that possess the regional advantages

    本論文在簡要回顧國內外相關領域研究進展的基礎上，依據產業和產品的生命周期理論、出口導向理論和經濟可持續發展理論，對黃陵縣域經濟可持續發展系統進行定性分析，並運用系統動力學方法對其進行規劃與模擬調控，探討了縣域經濟可持續發展的最優模式，指出實現縣域經濟可持續發展的關鍵是適時進行產業結構調整，由單一的結構向多元化、多層次轉變，通過發展煤炭產業和具有區域優勢的農業、旅遊等非煤產業實現優勢再造和優勢替代。
  7. In comparison with other east asian developing countries in particular, malaysian industrialization has undergone the development stage of heavy industry, or, import substitution that has greatly strengthened its economic strength as well as competitiveness of export commodities

    尤其是馬來西亞的工業化經歷了進口替代第二階段重化工業的發展，其經濟實力與商品貿易出口能力大為加強。
  8. In comparison with other east asian developing countries in particular, malaysian industrialization has undergone the development stage of heavy industry, or, import substitution ii that has greatly strengthened its economic position of strength as well as competitiveness of export commodities

    尤其是馬來西亞的工業化經歷了進口替代第二階段重化工業的發展，使其經濟實力與商品貿易出口能力大為加強。
  9. In fact, whether the government implements import substitution or export oriented industrialization policies, the low interest rate regulation and credit rationing policies are essential for two reasons. one is to call together financial resources for realizing the government ' s strategy, the other is to increase exports as well as to decrease imports

    實際上，無論是進口替代還是出口導向的工業化政策，低利率管制和信貸配給政策除了按照政府的戰略意圖動員金融資源之外，低利率政策本身也是出於保持一個弱勢貨幣以增加出口同時削減進口的戰略需要。
  10. The determinants of german fdi to four main latin american economies reflect the stringent limitations german mncs had to export their products when the import substitution industrialization strategy was implemented throughout the region

    摘要德國在四個拉丁美洲經濟體海外投資中，反應了當區域進口替代產業策略普遍實施時，德國多國企業面臨嚴格出口限制的情境因素。
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