first approximation 中文意思是什麼

first approximation 解釋
初步近似值
  • first : adj 1 最初的，最早的。2 最上等的，第一流的。3 基本的，概要的。4 高音（調）的。n 1 最初，第一；第...
  • approximation : n. 1. 接近；近似。2. 【數學】近似值。3. 概算，略計。
  1. The first approximation would make everything depend on the capitalized money value of the individual's prospective receipts.

    第一種近似意義是以個人預期進款的資本化的貨幣價值為其中心。
  2. At first, this paper analyzes the factors of water - sand influencing water level of yellow river and the feasibility just using the factors of water - sand to study water level, and collects the corresponding data ; secondly, because there are strong nonlinear relation in the corresponding data, by meticulous theory analysis, this paper integrates basic nonlinear analysis method, theory of random analysis, method of least squares and so on. it puts forward a method which can get the high accuracy simulation of the data, perfects the multi - factor analysis of variable ( over three factors ) of the statistic ; thirdly, it applies the method to the approximation of corresponding water level process which belong to the capacity of sand of middle - high and middle - low, and get the high - accuracy simulation about the typical nonlinear relation ; at last, this paper definitudes the main influence mode that the capacity of sand. it mainly unite with other factors to work on the water level in the yellow river lower reaches ; mor eover, this paper analyzes the difficult point and the direction of improvement to realize the accuracy forecasting of the flood level of erodible - bed channel

    首先，系統分析了影響黃河水位的水沙因素，及僅用水沙因素有效研究水位的可行性，並按變量對應思想採集它們的相應數據；其次，由於相應水位過程數據中含極強的非線性關系，本論文經細致的理論分析，將基本的非線性分析方法、統計建模方法、隨機分析理論、最小均方誤差原則等等數學理論及方法有機揉合，提出了能有效實現這類數據高精度擬合的分層篩選法，並改進了統計學中多因子（三個以上）方差分析法；再次，將這一方法用於黃河中高及中低含沙類洪水相應水位過程的擬合，實現了這一典型非線性關系的高精度擬合，各年汛期上下游相應洪水位過程的擬合誤差都較小；最後，明確黃河下游含沙量對水位的主要影響方式，即含沙量主要是與其它因素聯合對水位作用；另外分析了要實現變動河床洪水位過程準確預報的困難所在及改進方向。
  3. Rockfeller entered the room slapping the backs of the assembled academics grinning and calling each by the closest approximation of his first name that he could remember.

    洛克菲勒走進房間，拍拍每個與會學者的肩膀，微笑著，用與他記憶中各人的教名相近的稱呼叫每一個人。
  4. This paper starts with interrogatory with capm ; analyzes the most basic risk concept, the risk expression method ; clarify the concept of systematic risk with idiosyncratic risk ; questions about marketing portfolio, diversification investment. then, we accept the capm as a reasonable first order approximation

    本文的思路是先破后立，將研究的起點放在對capm的質疑上，從分析最基本的風險概念、風險的表示方法入手，層層抽絲撥繭，對系統性風險與非系統性風險的劃分、市場組合、組合投資等概念提出疑問。
  5. Collisonal quantum interference ( cqi ) was observed in the intramolecular rotational energy transfer in the experiment of the static cell, and the integral interference angles were measured. to observe more precise information, the experiment in the molecular beam should be taken, from which the differential interference angle can be obtained precisely. in this paper, the theoretical model of cqi is described in an atom - diatom system in the condition of the molecular beam, based on the first - born approximation of time dependent perturbation theory, taking into accounts the anisotropic lennard - jones interaction potentials. the method of observing and measuring correctly the differential interference angle is presented. the changing tendencies of the differential interference angle with the impact parameter, velocity, and et al. are discussed

    分子內部轉動傳能的靜態池實驗觀察到了碰撞量子干涉效應（ cqi ） ，並且測得積分干涉角，為了獲得更加精確的分子內部轉動傳能的碰撞量子干涉效應信息，實驗就必須要採用分子束實驗進行.本文理論上採用各項異性相互作用勢，應用含時微擾理論的一級波恩近似，假想在分子束實驗的條件下，建立在原子-雙原子分子體系中碰撞量子干涉的理論模型.理論上推導出微分干涉角具體表達式，通過計算定性地討論了微分干涉角隨著碰撞參數、速率等的變化趨勢，同時初步探討了實驗的正確觀測途徑，得出了採用分子束進行實驗觀測的實驗方法，為進一步進行分子束實驗提供了理論基礎，對實驗的進行起到了一定的借鑒作用
  6. A monotone approximation for a prey - predator system of first order

    被捕食系統的單調方法
  7. Equation(4－198)yields a first approximation for the change in the natural frequency of vibration.

    方程（4198）給出了一級近似下的固有振動頻率的改變量。
  8. The dissertation proposes originally the idea of decomposing the time - variant load to solve this problem. first, the time - variant load is decomposed into the time - variant load characteristic and the time - variant load model due to the modeling method. second, the multi - curve approximation method is proposed to identify the load parameters, which to a great extent, reduces the effects on the time - variation of the load model from modeling method

    針對負荷的時變性，論文首次提出了將負荷時變性分解的思想，首先將負荷的時變性分解為負荷特性的時變性和由建模方法引起的負荷模型的時變性，然後提出了多曲線擬合參數辨識方法，很大程度上消除了建模方法引起的負荷模型的時變性。
  9. The equation including the nonlinear dispersion, i. e. the modified nonlinear schrodinger ( mnls ) equation, is a better model. in this thesis, we take mnls solitons as a model for femtosecond soltions. then based on the recently developed direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, we study the raman self - frequency shift of femtosecond solitons and its suppression by the means of frequency filters. for this purpose, first, we define the physical parameters of mnls solitons ; next, through the direct perturbation theory for perturbed mnls equation, under adiabatic approximation, we obtain the evolving parameters of mnls soliton on our questions and then choose the parameters of frequency filters based on it ; at last, we directly numerically simulated our questions by split - step fourier ( ssf ) method after improving the arithmetic of the differentiation of the nonlinear item for satisfying mnls equation

    本論文以mnls孤子作為光纖飛秒孤子的模型，通過新近建立的mnls孤子直接微擾理論，研究光纖中由拉曼效應引起的飛秒孤子在傳輸中的自頻移，以及通過頻率濾波對自頻移的抑制。為此，首先給出描述mnls孤子的各物理量，然後用mnls孤子直接微擾理論，解析地得到這些問題絕熱近似下的孤子參數演化，並由此選擇頻率濾波的參數，最後用分步傅里葉方法，在對非線性項微商的演算法做出了適合於mnls孤子的改善後，對拉曼效應及頻率濾波進行了直接數值模擬，其中頻率濾波參數用微擾理論確定。
  10. The first order weakly - guiding approximation for the eigenvalue equation of hybrid modes in a step - index optical fiber

    階躍光纖中混合模式特徵方程的一階弱導近似
  11. The relativistic random phase approximation ( rrpa ) is a relativistic extension of the random phase approximation for studying microscopically nuclear dynamical excitations and giant resonances. the consistency of rrpa calculations requires two aspects : first, it demands that the relativistic mean - field wave " function of nucleus and the particle - hole residual interactions in the rrpa are calculated in a same effective lagrangian. second, the consistent treatment of rrpa within rmf approximation requires the configurations including not only the pairs formed from the occupied fermi states and unoccupied stat es but also the pairs formed from the dirac states and occupied fermi states

    自洽的相對論無規位相近似理論的自洽性要求有兩方面的內容：第一，描述原子核的激發態性質和基態性質時必須從同一個有效的拉矢量出發；第二，相對論無規位相近似計算，不但要考慮正能的粒子-空穴組態的貢獻，而且還要考慮從fermi海核子態到dirac海負能核子態形成的對激發的貢獻。
  12. In soft - photon approximation, the average excitation energy only appears in the first and second order terms of field frequency

    在軟光子近似下，平均激發能僅出現在光場頻率的一階和二階項上。
  13. The first one is based on approximating the measured vapor pressure decrease by least square method, then inserting this approximation into the ideal gas equation to get ammonia absorption rate

    一種方法是基於理想氣體方程。首先，對實驗中測量到的壓力降曲線用最小二乘法進行處理，將處理后的數據代入理想氣體方程，從而求得氨蒸汽的吸收量。
  14. Secondly, the effectiveness and limitation of the classical perturbation, such as the method of multiple scales and the poincare - lindstedt method, are discussed in detail through a duffing oscillator with delayed velocity feedback. it is shown that the two perturbation methods are effective only in solving the approximate solution of the first two orders. an ambiguity or paradox will be encountered when they are used to seeking for the third or higher order approximation of solution

    其次，以一具有時滯速度反饋的duffing系統為例，研究了經典攝動法如多尺度法， poincar - lindstedt法等在求解時滯微分方程級數解時的適用性和局限性問題，指出利用這些方法只能有效求得系統的前兩階近似解，而在求系統的三次以上近似解時會出現矛盾或二義性。
  15. In the first part, the simultaneous approximation of this kind of operators is studied ; in the second part the approximation in c [ 0, ) of their linear combination is discussed. absorbing the method of paper [ 20 ], the inverse theorem of a new kind of linear combination operators is obtained in the third part

    第一節研究這類運算元的同時逼近；第二節討論該運算元線性組合在c _ [ 0 ， ）上的逼近；第三節吸收[ 20 ]的思想，得到了該運算元線性組合逼近的逆定理；第四節討論該線性組合運算元在c _ [ 0 ， ）逼近的飽和定理。
  16. This approach is mathematically a first approximation to messages with a variable size bear with me, i will keep it short and simple

    這個方法在算術上最接近大小不定的消息（請原諒，我將盡量使它簡短） 。
  17. Equation ( 4 198 ) yields a first approximation for the change in the natural frequency of vibration

    方程（ 4 198 ）給出了一級近似下的固有振動頻率的改變量。
  18. And responses are a reasonable first approximation in evaluating marketing investment

    （消費者的）回應是評價推銷投資的第一手合理近似值。
  19. In a first approximation, the departure from a constant amplitude vs frequency characteristic will be a characteristics with a linear slop that will vary with time

    採用一級近似，則可認為對頻率特性曲線的等幅偏移是一具有時變線性斜率的特性曲線
  20. Before the beginning of the seventies, in a first approximation, the carbon cycle due to energy production was " closed ", in an equilibrium situation until human activities did start to tilt the balance

    在上個世紀七十年代開始之前，由於能源生產的碳循環在人類的活動使其失去平衡前首次接近平衡狀態。
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