genetic effect 中文意思是什麼
genetic effect
解釋
基因突變-
A side effect of increasing genetic variance following disruptive selection is often greater genetic flexibility of the population.
經分裂選擇后遺傳變量增加的附帶作用，往往使種群的遺傳可塑性有所增加。 -
A side effect of increasing genetic variance following disruptive selection often causes greater genetic flexibility of the population.
經分裂選擇后遺傳變量增加的附帶作用，往往使種群的遺傳可塑性有所增加。 -
Genetic diversity and phylogeny of 55 slow - growing rhizobia isolated from peanut ( arachis hypogaea ) in china were determined by analysis of host - plant range, phynotype, 16s rrna rflp, 16s rrna sequence, 16s - 23s igs rflp, rapd, rep - pcr, dna - dna hybridization homology. at the same time, the competitive nodulation capacity of rhizobia, effect of host plants and soil ph on the rhizobia were determined for screening and improvement of high effective rhizobium inoculant
本研究採用宿主范圍試驗、表型性狀測定、 16srrna - rflp 、 16srrna序列分析、 16s - 23srdnaigsrflp分析、 rapd分析、 rep - pcr分析和dna - dna同源性分析等技術系統研究了從我國不同地域分離的55株花生根瘤菌的遺傳多樣性及其在根瘤菌系統發育中的地位和相互關系。 -
Since last spring, jeff cross, 29, had been tormented by night sweats, a side effect of the rare genetic illness that threatened to kill him unless he got a new liver
從去年春天起， 29歲的傑夫?克羅斯天天被盜汗所困擾，這源於一種罕見的基因遺傳病變，除非他獲得一個新的肝臟，否則疾病將威脅他的生命。 -
The results show that ( 1 ) loops are in general more variable than stems, and in loops a strong adenine bias are observed : ( 2 ) there does not exist a saturation effect in stems, loops or all positions of the 16s rrna gene fragments : ( 3 ) in the molecular cladogram, bagarius forms a sister group with glyptothorax, and euchiloganis forms a sister group with pareuchiloglanis, and exostoma forms a sister group with glyptosternum : ( 4 ) the phlogenetic positions of pseudecheneis, exostoma and glyptosternum are not recognized ; the glyptosternoid fishes are not monophyly although they are defined by 13 osteological apomorphies ; the incongruence of cladograms between molecular and morphological sets may be caused by less informative sites of the 550 homologous sites ; ( 5 ) e. davidi and e. kishinouyei could be the same species according to the genetic distances ; p. sinensis and p. anteanalis could be too
結果表明： （ 1 ）環區平均變異位點較莖區多，有很強的a偏好性； （ 2 ）沒有替代飽和現象； （ 3 ）分子系統樹上?屬和紋胸?屬構成姐妹群，石爬?屬和?屬構成姐妹群， ?屬和原?屬構成姐妹群； （ 4 ） ?屬、原?屬和褶?屬的系統發育位置不定， ? ?魚類並未形成一個單系類群；可能的原因是所得到的16srrna基因片段信息位點太少； （ 5 ）青石爬?和黃石爬?可能是同一物種，中華?和前臀?可能是同一物種。 -
Whether you inbreed, linebreed, or outcross may have an effect on the incidence of genetic disease in the offspring
無論是同系繁殖、同種異系交配、還是同種交配，後代都有可能有遺傳病。 -
Heredity modes of 6 traits were studied by analysis of population genetics, by the method of family combination analysis, by the methods of proband ' s sib analysis, segregation analysis, the threshold model of polygenes, and analysis of typical family trees, according to the data of the 72 families. the relative importance between genetic and environmental effect on each character was evaluated by comparing the coherence of twins. gene frequencies of 5 genetic characters, calculated from han group in huhhot, were compared with other groups by u - test so as to study the population or nationality difference in heredity
採用群體遺傳學分析、家系組合分析法、先證者同胞法、分離分析法及多基因閾值模式分析方法對所得家系資料進行了統計學分析，結合家繫系譜分析探討了上述6項特徵的遺傳方式；通過雙生子一致率的比較，對上述特徵的遺傳與環境效應的相對重要性進行了評價；計算了呼和浩特市漢族群體5對遺傳性狀的基因頻率，採用u檢驗方法與相關文獻報道的其他群體進行了比較，探討了不同種族間或民族間的遺傳差異性。 -
The positive correlation between 1000 - grain weight and grain numbers per spike, plant height and protein content, heading date and spikelet number per spike, have disadvantageous effect on the genetic improvement of wheat - rye recombinant lines
千粒重和穗粒數的負偏相關對小麥異源（黑麥）重組系的遺傳改良有重大影響，打破該相關也相當困難。 -
As a popular vegetable, tomato is rich in vatamin a, b, p and other nutrients ; among them, lyxopene can prevent prostate gland tumor. so introducing stilbene synthase gene into tomato to get new health - protection tomato will have important social and economic effect. our research is made up of four parts ; the cloning and sequencing of stilbene synthase ; tomato genetic transforming mediated by agrobacterium - lba4404 ; quantification of resveratrol in transgenic tomato by hplc analysis
本研究包括四個方面的內容：芪合酶基因（ stilbenesynthasegene ）的克隆與全序列分析；芪合酶基因（ stilbenesynthasegene ）植物表達載體的構建；農桿菌lba4404介導的番茄遺傳轉化： hplc技術分析轉基因植株中表達白藜蘆醇的含量。 -
In study of the submarine movement in deep sea a new approach with fuzzy sliding - mode control and double - gene genetic algorithm is proposed for designing combined maneuvering control system of submarines. simulation results showed that the approach not only remains robustness of sliding - mode control, but also avoids thq effect of chattering phenomenon, possess better performance of the system
在研究潛艇在深海航行的操縱控制中，首次提出了具有雙基因遺傳演算法的模糊滑模控制器的新方法，模擬結果表明了該方法不僅避免了抖振的影響，而且具有很好的系統性能。 -
Effect of filter paper on shoot induction and genetic transformation of artemisia annua l
銀型磷酸鋯鹽抗菌粉對青蒿根生長的影響及生長動力學研究 -
Then, pattern synthesis for sparse array antenna using genetic algorithms is researched. at last, we researched on conformal patch on the surface of cylinder and the effect of conformal antenna platform on the radiations of patches in different positions. how to get a good feeding for conformal array antenna by genetic algorithms is presented in the end
文中介紹了遺傳演算法在綜合低副瓣陣列中的應用;採用遺傳演算法給陣列天線的方向圖賦形，其結果優于同種條件下用woodward法得到的結果;同時，考察了遺傳演算法的穩定性;分析討論了遺傳演算法在綜合稀疏相控陣方向圖綜合中的應用。 -
In this sense, the production of ri with native function by genetic engineering will undoubtedly bring far - reaching effect
因此，通過基因工程的方法生產具有生物活性的ri無疑具有重要作用。 -
Twenty f1 combinations crossed among 5 varieties and strains different in fiber properties according to complete diallel crossing design were used to evaluate the heterosis and gene action of boll weight and lint percentage in high quality fiber property varieties in upland cotton in 1998 1999 for two year successively at nanjing. it was indicated that there existed small interactions with the environmental factors without maternal effects and the additive gene effect was in chief, attaining to 51. 2 % and 65. 4 % respectively for boll weight and lint percentage. the dominant effect was also in higher rate, 32. 6 % and 16. 8 % respectively. the population mean heterosis of boll weight and lint percentage over the mid - parental mean were relatively prominent 13. 3 % and 3. 5 % respectively in extreme significance. however, boll weight showed no significantly surpassing parental f1 heterosis over the better parent based on population mean ( 2. 0 % ) ; while the lint percentage expressed significant negative heterosis value ( - 2. 1 % ). the gene actions were in conformity with the heterosis expression. it was shown clearly that the f1 combinations crossed between parents with similar performances had relatively high dominant effects and significant positive f1 surpassing parental heterosis ( f1 heterosis over the better parent ) ; while no f1 combination crossed between the parents with prominent mutual difference surpassed the higher parent in yield components, which indicated that among those parents with less difference and close relationships, there still existed sufficient genetic variation or certain mechanism for creating variation and achieving greater advances in breeding. correlation analyses also indicated that there still existed severely undesirable negative correlation between yield and fiber properties as well as the difficulties for their simultaneous improvements
利用5個具有不同纖維品質性狀的品種（系）配製完全雙列雜交組合20個，通過親本和f1的2年隨機區組試驗發現產量性狀的鈴重和衣分與環境的互作效應小，不存在母體效應，並以加性遺傳效應為主，分別占表型方差的51 . 2 %和65 . 4 % ;顯性遺傳效應所佔的比率也較高，分別為32 . 6 %和16 . 8 % .鈴重和衣分的群體平均優勢較大，分別為13 . 3 %和3 . 5 % ，達到了極顯著;鈴重的超親優勢為2 . 0 % ，不顯著;衣分為顯著的負值（ - 2 . 1 % ） .遺傳分析與雜種優勢結果一致.具體表現在產量性狀上，親本相當配製的組合雜合顯性較高，其超親優勢正向顯著，而極值親本（差異較大）所配組合沒有超過高親的.這表明親本差異小、親源關系較近的親本中仍然存在足夠的遺傳變異或某種機制以創造變異使育種取得更大的進展.相關分析表明了仍然存在嚴重的品質與產量的負相關，遺傳改良的難度較大 -
This study was conducted to examine the interrelationship of 10 seed vigor traits in 12 wheat genotypes through variance, co - variance and path coefficient analysis, to determine broad - sense heritability, and to estimate genetic advance under selection. the genotypes showed significant difference for all traits, except for percentage of normal seedling. genetic correlation between conversion efficiency of seed reserve, electrical conductivity with other traits were not significant, showed that selection for any of them might be possible without hampering any other traits. however path coefficient analysis indicated that conversion efficiency of seed reserve, seed reserve utilization ratio have strong direct effect in affecting seedling weight, and that mean germination time has significantly negatively correlated in affecting gi. moderate to high estimates of broad - sense heritability, genetic coefficient of variation and expected genetic advance were obtained for electrical conductivity, germination index, mean germination time, seed dry weigh, seedling dry weigh, seed reserve depletion ratio indicating the possibility for improving these traits
本研究利用12個普通小麥品種對10個種子活力性狀的遺傳變異和相關研究，表明除正常幼苗百分率外，其餘種子活力性狀在品種間均存在顯著的差異.種子貯藏物質轉換效率、電導率兩個性狀間及與其它性狀均無顯著的遺傳相關，因此對他們的選擇不會影響到其它性狀.通徑分析表明幼苗干重主要取決于種子貯藏物質轉換效率、種子貯藏物質利用速率;發芽指數主要由平均發芽時間決定.電導率、發芽勢、幼苗干重、種子干重、發芽指數、種子貯藏物質消耗比率6個性狀表現中到高的遺傳力、遺傳變異系數和相對遺傳進展，指明通過遺傳育種手段改良這些性狀是可能的 -
Example : radiation induced cancer, genetic effect
例子:輻射引致的癌病，遺傳效應 -
In this text, we first do some research on the genetic algorithm about clustering, discuss about the way of coding and the construction of fitness function, analyze the influence that different genetic manipulation do to the effect of cluster algorithm. then analyze and research on the way that select the initial value in the k - means algorithm, we propose a mix clustering algorithm to improve the k - means algorithm by using genetic algorithm. first we use k - learning genetic algorithm to identify the number of the clusters, then use the clustering result of the genetic clustering algorithm as the initial cluster center of k - means clustering. these two steps are finished based on small database which equably sampling from the whole database, now we have known the number of the clusters and initial cluster center, finally we use k - means algorithm to finish the clustering on the whole database. because genetic algorithm search for the best solution by simulating the process of evolution, the most distinct trait of the algorithm is connotative parallelism and the ability to take advantage of the global information, so the algorithm take on strong steadiness, avoid getting into the local
本文首先對聚類分析的遺傳演算法進行了研究，討論了聚類問題的編碼方式和適應度函數的構造方案與計算方法，分析了不同遺傳操作對聚類演算法的性能和聚類效果的影響意義。然後對k - means演算法中初值的選取方法進行了分析和研究，提出了一種基於遺傳演算法的k - means聚類改進（混合聚類演算法） ，在基於均勻采樣的小樣本集上用k值學習遺傳演算法確定聚類數k ，用遺傳聚類演算法的聚類結果作為k - means聚類的初始聚類中心，最後在已知初始聚類數和初始聚類中心的情況下用k - means演算法對完整數據集進行聚類。由於遺傳演算法是一種通過模擬自然進化過程搜索最優解的方法，其顯著特點是隱含并行性和對全局信息的有效利用的能力，所以新的改進演算法具有較強的穩健性，可避免陷入局部最優，大大提高聚類效果。 -
Effect of 60co irradiation on growth and genetic mutation of chrysanthemum cuttings
射線輻照菊花對其遺傳性狀的影響 -
Firstly, in this thesis, we discuss the development of one - dimensional cutting stock problems and other well - known algorithms about them, summarize the basic principle of genetic algorithms, and analyze the effect of coding, fitness function, crossover operators and mutation operators in the genetic process of genetic algorithms
本文首先介紹了一維下料問題的研究概況及其已有的著名演算法，綜述了遺傳演算法的基本原理和方法，分析了遺傳演算法的編碼、適應度函數、交叉和變異運算元在整個遺傳演算法的運算過程中的作用。 -
Abstract : in this paper, we report a rare karyotype of complex translocation : 46, xx, t ( 1 ; 14 ; 10 ). based on sufficient published data, we discussed and analyzed the genetic effect of complex translocation and general balanced translocation on phenotype and fertilization. the results show that general balanced translocation caused 3. 57 % low intelligence and multi - deformation while complex translocation caused 21. 73 % low intelligence and 17. 39 % multi - deformation respectively. these results sugget that there is a higher incedence of low intelligence and multi - deformation caused by complex translocation than that caused by general balanced translocation
摘要本文報道一例罕見復雜易位核型: 46 ， xx ， t （ 1 ; 14 ; 10 ） .並結合以往資料，探討和分析復雜易位和一般平衡易位對表型及生育的遺傳效應.結果顯示，一般易位導致智能低下和多發畸形的頻率各為3 . 57 % ;復雜易位所致智能低下頻率為21 . 73 % ，多發畸形的頻率為17 . 39 % .提示復雜易位所致智能低下和畸形頻率明顯高於一般易位。
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