groundwater control 中文意思是什麼

In order to control the land subsidence, adjusting three dimensional exploitive positions and moderately utilizing the leakage recharge from its upper shallow groundwater play a key role in realizing the sustainable development of deep groundwater resources in this area

在控制地面沉降的條件下，深層地下水持續利用的對策是調整開采三維布局，適度開發利用淺層地下水對深層地下水的越流補給。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

Groundwater pollution control and remediation

地下水污染場地污染的控制與修復

In areas which are prone to salinization - alkalization and water - logging, measures shall be taken to control and lower the groundwater level

在容易發生鹽堿化和漬害的地區，應當採取措施，控制和降低地下水的水位。

A simple method for calculation of field drain spacing for groundwater level control

控制地下水位的田間排水溝間距簡捷計算方法

An active measure for ground subsidence control is to move the exploited horizon upward to shallow area and make it close to the recharge and discharge area of groundwater

控制地面沉降的一個積極措施是將開采層位上移至淺層，使其接近地下水的補給區和排泄區。

So, operation forms of groundwater are classified into physical operation, chemistry operation and biology operation, etc. environmental effect of geological hazard on the action of groundwater is classified into control effect, subsidiary effect and second effect, etc

將地下水的作用形式分為物理作用、化學作用和生物作用等；地下水對地質災害的環境效應分為、控制效應、輔助效應、次生效應等。

The metabolic adaptive control about groundwater surface

地下水位新陳代謝的自適應控制

Special plans for the prevention of floods, the control of water - logging, irrigation, navigation, urban and industrial water supply, hydro - electric power generation, bamboo or log rafting, fishery, water quality protection, hydrologic surveys, the general prospecting and dynamic monitoring of groundwater, etc., shall be formulated respectively by the competent departments of the people ' s governments at or above the county level and shall be submitted to the people ' s governments at the corresponding level for approval

防洪，治澇、灌溉、航運、城市和工業供水、水力發電、竹木流放、漁業、水質保護、水文測驗、地下水普查勘探和動態監測等專業規劃，由縣級以上人民政府有關主管部門編制，報同級人民政府批準。

Since the shallow depth excavation is the main factor to cause ground settlement in shenzhen subway tunnel, this paper discusses some corresponding countermeasures including the improvement of ground property, appropriate draining of groundwater, scheduled excavation depth and width, etc, to control strata distortion and surface settlement, and argues that these measures are expected to effectively control surface settlement while constructing city subway in soft ground excavation

摘要針對深圳地鐵淺埋暗挖隧道施工中影響地表下降及地層變形的因素，提出了遵循「十八字」原則、改善土體特性、適度排放地下水、根據地層條件選擇施工方法、增大左右線隧道開挖面的距離、合理確定開挖進尺、提高施工效率、加強初期支護、及時施作二次襯砌等對策。

In areas where groundwater has already been overdrawn, strict control on drawing shall be imposed and effective measures shall be taken to protect groundwater resources and control land subsidence

在地下水已經超採的地區，應當嚴格控制開采，並採取措施，保護地下水資源，防止地面沉降。

By analyzing existing situation of groundwater over - exploitation in the benefited regions of the south - north water transfer, based on the national and local legal systems, policies, we discuss the measures which should be taken to control groundwater tapping in the project

摘要通過分析南水北調受水區地下水超采現狀，在分析國家有關法制措施、政策以及南水北調受水區各地有關法制措施及工作成效基礎上，從法制建設角度對南水北調受水區地下水控制開采魚需採取的措施進行了初步探討。

This model reveals the characteristics of the system of the groundwater, reflect the pattern of change and transportation of groundwater, and it can give scientific support to the prediction of groundwater table, evaluation of resources and give scientific support to control the subsidence in yancheng

建立的三維模型反映了研究區地下水系統的本質特徵，再現了地下水的水位動態、運移規律，能為地下水水位預報、資源評價和地面沉降的控制提供科學依據。

Qualitative analysis on the effect of flood control and engineering safety -, seizing lots of water conservancy effective adjust storage. then making water level risen and reservoir backwater enlarged in the same flow level ? effect on beach and the buildings across river, soil salinization caused by flow from a lower to a higher place and unsmooth groundwater drainage destroy of travel resource caused by disorder enclose tideland for cultivation in reservoir silt up flood plain are given, then presents enclose tideland for cultivation dyke is important cause which water level rise in reservoir

本文從青銅峽水庫泥沙淤積入手，分析水庫泥沙淤積特性和庫區圍墾堤開發利用淤積灘地的現狀，對防洪安全及工程安全的影響、侵佔大量的有效調蓄庫容、造成同級流量下水庫水位抬升水庫回水上延、對沿岸及過河建築構成影響、因水位抬升致使庫區周邊灌區地下水排水不暢乃至倒灌而造成土地鹽堿化、對水庫庫區大量淤積灘地無序圍墾造成旅遊資源破壞等五方面影響的定性分析，提出庫區圍墾堤是水庫水位抬升的重要原因。

In order to optimize control and management groundwater resource, the paper ascertains hydrologic and geological parameter on the basis of single - and multi - well unbalance flow pumping experiment, establishes the model of groundwater management system using the theory of volume balance

本文在單、群井非穩定流抽水試驗的基礎上，確定水文地質參數，利用水平衡原理建立地下水系統管理模型，進行優化管理和調度。

According to the groundwater regulation rules, the authority has to control the amount of wells kaohsiung city for mitigating the degree of land - subsidence

依據地下水管制辦法，高雄市全區均為地下水管制區域，除自來水系統不能供應家用及公共給水地區者外，依法不得申請增設地下水井，以避免地層下陷之疑慮。

The water become groundwater and form dynamic system. under the control of hydrological an geological condition, groundwater which is replenished by wat

因此，研究粉細砂層的取水方法，已成為解決黃泛平原區工農業供水的關鍵問題。

According to the requirements of sustainable development in the headwater region of xiaofu river, the groundwater pumping is planned using the optimal control model

最後直接根據淄博市孝婦河源頭地區地下水資源的可持續利用需求，建立了該區的地下水最優控制模型，並求得了最優解。

Investigation and evaluation on groundwater resources. demonstration in water search and supply. demonstration of engineering and environmental geology. investigation and evaluation of geological disasters and design of control plan

地下水資源調查評價、找水供水論證、工程地質、環境地質評價論證、地質災害調查評價及防治規劃設計。

Topics include : site investigation ( with emphasis on in situ testing ), shallow ( footings and raftings ) and deep ( piles and caissons ) foundations, excavation support systems, groundwater control, slope stability, soil improvement ( compaction, soil reinforcement, etc. ), and construction monitoring

主題包含有工址調查（強調現地試驗） 、淺基礎（基腳式基礎與筏式基礎）和深基礎（樁基礎與沉箱） 、開挖之支撐系統、地下水控制、邊坡穩定、土壤改良（夯實與土壤加勁等）和施工監測等。