hamburg rules 中文意思是什麼
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Having this in mind, researching methodologies and ideas of this paper are based on the analysis of general principles of burden of proof in civil law. meanwhile, taking into account the specialties of shipping law, this paper compared the rules of burden of proof among hague rules, hague - visby rules, hamburg rules, draft of united states carriage of goods by sea act 1999 ( cogsa ), china maritime code and china contract act 2000
有鑒於此，本論文對海運貨損索賠舉證責任的研究是建立在對一般民事舉證責任分析的基礎上，結合海商法特點，重點對《海牙規則》 、 《海牙威斯比規則》 、 《漢堡規則》 、美國1999年海上貨物運輸法草案以及我國《合同法》 、 《海商法》對海運貨損索賠舉證責任的規定做了具體的比較和分析。 -
The degree of uniformity decreased as the visby protocol amendment to the hague rules was adopted in 1968. afterthe hamburg rules entered into force which brought about a system of liability which is significantly different from that of the hague rules and hague - visby rules, the pace of disunification increased significantly
漢堡規則引進了完全不同於海牙規則和維斯比規則的責任制度，它的生效致使分裂的進程進一步加快。另外有一些國家游離于公約之外，形成自己的承運人責任制度。 -
In the third part, the writer firstly is in an attempt to analyze rules of burden of proof in the importantly international conventions, namely hague rules, hague - visby rules and hamburg rules. by paying a close scrutiny on judicial precedents in different countries, the different approaches on the burden of proof in these conventions have been further stressed. under the international criticisms towards these approaches, the united states has drafted its carriage of goods by
另一方面，在各國對規則要求進行修改的呼聲中，美國已推出了1999年海上貨物運輸法草案，美國作為世界上經濟一大強國，這部法律的出臺肯定會對我國海商領域產生重大的影響，在該草案中在舉證責任方面做了許多有別于現有國際公約的規定，因此在本論文中對美國99cogsa的相關規定也做了具體評析。 -
Nevertheless, china maritime code does not regulate issues concerning bill of lading negotiation roundly and systematically. and it cannot seek a better resolution by international conventions such as hague rules, hamburg rules. so there remains many matters and disputes unresolved in practice
然而，我國《海商法》對于提單轉讓相關問題規定的不盡系統和全面，而通過《海牙規則》和《漢堡規則》國際公約中關于提單的規定也不能夠很好地解決問題，導致實踐中諸多問題的出現。 -
The 4th section analyses the carrier ' s delay in delivery. the draft outline instrument should use the hamburg rules for reference and enlarge the compensation
建議稿應當借鑒漢堡規則關于遲延交付的規定，並擴大遲延交付的賠償數額。 -
The scope of performing party is broader than actual carrier in hamburg rules, but narrower than performing carrier in the u. s. cogsa 1999. the definition of performing party enacts the himalaya clause
履約人的范圍相比漢堡規則的實際承運人有所擴大，但比美國cogsa1999的履約承運人有所縮小。履約人的規定將「喜馬拉雅條款」從法律上固定下來。 -
As we know, the legal effect of send - out goods letter of indemnity is solved by the " hamburg rules " for the first time. the author thinks chinese maritime law should prescribe the legal effect of two types of letter of indemnity
我國應結合司法實踐，借鑒《漢堡規則》關于保函的規定，以立法的形式明確規定兩種保函的法律效力，以便人們有法可依，從而彌補我國《海商法》的缺憾。 -
In this thesis, the tides and tidal currents in the seas adjacent to zhejiang province are simulated with a three - dimensional baroclinic primitive equation model - hamburg shelf ocean model ( hamsom ). two numerical techniques - nested grid and moving boundary method are used successfully and high precision results which compared with the observed ones are obtained. these results reveal the characteristics and the moving rules of the tides and tidal currents in this area
本文採用三維陸架海模式（ hamsom ）對整個浙江近海的潮汐和潮流進行了三維數值模擬，成功地應用網格嵌套和動邊界技術獲得了和實測資料相吻合的較高精度的結果，揭示了浙江近海潮汐、潮流的主要特徵和運動規律。
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