hand excavation 中文意思是什麼

hand excavation 解釋
人工開挖
  • hand : n 漢德〈姓氏〉。n 1 手；（猴子等的）腳；（一般四足獸的）前腳。2 （鐘表的）指針，（工具等的）把，...
  • excavation : n. 1. 開鑿；發掘；挖掘；挖土，剜通。2. 穴，洞；坑道，開鑿成的山路。3. 【考古】出土文物，發掘物。
  1. Due to exceedingly flat arched vault of the flat tunnel with outsized span and renewed stress allocation in surrounding rock after excavation, which would inevitably induce some excessively large load on the base of arch, therefore, larger load - bearing capability in the is " foundation is a must. on the other hand, smooth face explosion must be applied to excavation of the arch base to further ensure the integrity and continuity of country rock around tunnel

    特大跨超淺埋隧道拱部結構過于扁平，開挖后發生二次應力分佈，拱腳處的應力過大，要求有較大的地基承載力，拱腳開挖時必須採用光面爆破，保證圍巖的完整性和不受擾動，開挖后及時封閉，防止該處積水軟化圍巖。
  2. On the other hand, the velocity may also be increased by excavating another channel, which should be treated cautiously. ( 2 ) the change of flow rate in a typical branching rocky channel is related to excavation area scope and mode. more excavation area scope and width, more increase in flow rate

    （ 2 ）石質汊流灘汊道分流比的變化一般與汊道的開挖面積、開挖范圍以及開挖方式等因素有關，即開挖面積越大，則分流比增加越多；開挖范圍越廣，分流比增加越多；相同開挖面積情況下，寬淺開挖比深窄開挖對分流比的影響要大。
  3. Confirm the location of the underground electricity cable by exposing the cable using hand - dug trial holes should the depth of excavation be 450 mm or more under the ground

    如地下挖掘深度為450毫米或以上，必須透過手挖試孔使地下電纜顯露以確定電纜的位置。
  4. In this paper, in order to solve the difficulties in the rain pipe construction in jianyu road of yulin city, the pipe - pushing technique for the hand - type tool pipe in the sand soil layer has been researched by experiments in which many practice problems were considered such as the movement and deformation of sand soil, the difficulties for the pipe to enter the scheduled work soil, the collapse of excavation surface, the departure of pipe center and the difficulties to correct this departure. by both the calculations for the stabilities of back - supporting soil body and excavation surface and the theoretical analysis on the reasons for the departure ' s producing, some construction techniques were introduced and adopted in this paper which include not only the change and reinforcement to both the back - supporting soil body and the scheduled work soil body but also the settings of pipe cap, lattice and correcting system on the head of the tool pipe

    本文針對榆林市建榆路雨水管道中遇到的技術難題，進行手掘式工具管砂土層頂管法施工技術試驗研究，在研究中考慮砂土層存在的后靠土體移位、變形，工具管難以進入出洞土體，挖掘面易坍塌、管道中心易偏差及難糾偏等問題，通過對后靠土體和挖掘面的穩定計算及偏差產生原因的理論分析，提出並採用后靠土體換填加固，出洞土體換填加固，以及在工具管頭部設置管帽、格柵、糾偏系統等技術措施
  5. As a basic energy of our counrry. the determination of calorific value of coal is very important to the excavation and efficient exploitation of energy. the traditional method of determination has many complicated coursese and always needs much work made by man. so the research of automatic calorie meter makes significentthrough the detailed analysis of principle and method of measurement, an automatic measuring instrument controlled by microcomputer is designed in this paper in order to take the place of manual operations. the instrument can almost do every operation by itself, such as the control of experimental progress, data collection, data computation and the printout of experimental results. furthermore, a distributing system of measurement building on field bus is designed too. under the control of personal computer, several calorie meters can work independently and simultaneously. on the other hand, a powerful measuring and control software is developed using visual computer language - visual basic and visual c + +

    設計不但能自動完成整個實驗過程的控制和實驗數據的自動採集，並且能自動完成數據計算和實驗結果的列印輸出。在此基礎上，本文進一步設計出了基於現場總線技術的分散式測試系統，將多臺自動熱量計置於一臺pc機的控制之下，極大地提高了測量的效率。並利用可視化語言visualbasic和visualc + +設計出功能強大的系統監控軟體，以動畫和實時曲線的形式動態模擬出整個實驗的進程（包括故障顯示） ，使得整個測量工作自動化、智能化。
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