inflation theory 中文意思是什麼
inflation theory
解釋
通貨膨脹論-
This paper analyses the theory of inflation targeting regime under capital account convertibility, and argues that with the openness of rmb, china should carry out inflation targeting regime while the choice of exchange rate regime should be inclined to flexible regime
本文分析了資本賬戶開放條件下通貨膨脹目標制理論，認?承受著人民幣資本賬戶開放度越來越大，我國應該實行通貨膨脹目標制，同時匯率制度的選擇應該傾向于浮動匯率。 -
Theory of demand - pull inflation
需求拉動通貨膨脹理論 -
In the viewpoint of prevailing monetary economics, the theoretical basis of implementing monetary policy are theories of the non - neutrality of monetary policy and the exogeneity of money supply. but the theory of exogenous money supply ca n ' t explain the ubiquitous phenomena of endogenous money supply in the field of economy, for example, there exists evident asymmetry when combating inflation and deflation applying monetary policy. this has rendered the theory of exogenous money supply to face a severe challenge of economy reality increasingly
按照主流貨幣經濟學的觀點，實施貨幣政策的理論基礎就是貨幣政策的非中性及貨幣供給的外生性理論，但這種外生貨幣供給理論對經濟領域中大量存在的內生貨幣供給現象無法做出合理的解釋，如貨幣政策在治理通貨膨脹與通貨緊縮的效果方面表現出了明顯的不對稱性，這使得外生貨幣供給理論日益面臨著經濟現實的嚴峻挑戰。 -
According to the rational expectations theory, expansionary monetary policy will : cause money wages to adjust upward to higher expected inflation almost immediately
根據理性預期理論，擴張性的貨幣政策差不多會立即使貨幣工資調升到與預期較高的通貨膨脹相適應的水平。 -
The theory of purchasing - power parity ( ppp ) implies that high - inflation currenciesshould depreciate, relative to harder monies
根據購買力平價理論推導，高通脹貨幣應當對低通脹者貶值。 -
With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior
傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。 -
3. feasibility analysis of mbs the paper introduces and explains the theory of mbs and analysis the feasibility of mbs in china from many aspects, such as system, laws, financial environment, the situation of housing markets, macroeconomic effect, etc. the reform of land - using system provides mbs system pre - requisite ; the interrelated laws offer the law guarantee for mbs ; the issue of " security act " indicates that the security market of china is being normalized, and the developing prospect of finance in china brings mbs effective support ; the dilemma between the surplus and the shortage of commercial housing gives mbs an important turning point ; the macroeconomic effect of mbs is that it accelerates the economy, reduces the pressure of currency inflation, dissolves the operating risks of finance organs and makes the finance system operate steadily
三、我國住房抵押證券化的可行性分析本文從住房抵押貨款證券化（ mbs ）的理論分析入手，結合我國住房抵押貸款的發展狀況，分別從制度、法律保障、金融環境、住房市場現狀、宏觀經濟效應等幾方面論述了mbs在我國的可行性：土地使用制度改革為實施mbs提供了制度前提；配套法律制度為實施mbs提供了法律保障； 《證券法》的正式出臺，標志著我國證券市場走向規范，我國良好的金融業發展前景為mbs提供了有效的支持；現階段住房市場的有效供給與有效需求雙重約束的矛盾存在，為證券化實施提供了重要契機； mbs的宏觀經濟效應在於拉動國內需求，促進經濟增長，減輕通貨膨脹壓力，化解金融機構經營風險，保持金融體系穩定運行。 -
Consequently, the core policy should be stability of macroeconomy - decreasing present high inflation ; guaranteeing the real yield rate of domestic money ; decreasing the internal impetus to substitute currency, etc. among them, " no action " theory is prime essential
這一攬子的解決措施之核心就是降低通脹，維護本幣的真實收益率，減少貨幣替代的可能性和危害性，其中反替代的「無行動區間」尤具有重要的政策啟發意義。 -
The thesis gives the background acknowledges and the developing procedure of the cosmological theory, summarizes the viewpoints in the standard cosmological model and the confirmations from observing experiments. and the thesis sums the problems in the standard cosmological model and the inflation theory that can solve these problems. the thesis also discusses the origin of the universe and the theory of quantum cosmology
=本文綜述了宇宙學的提出過程及其背景知識，概述了目前的主要的宇宙學模型? ?標準宇宙學模型的主要觀點和觀測證據，並總結了標準宇宙學模型中存在問題及為解決這些問題而提出的暴漲宇宙學理論。 -
As an extension of the big bang theory, inflation theory predicts the universe density is rather close to the critical density. thus, the universe is flat
根據為改進大爆炸理論而發展出來的暴脹理論，宇宙密度必定接近於臨界密度，所以宇宙應是平坦的。 -
Then expatiate the key role of rational expectations in the below theories : share prices " random walk " / ' efficiency markets ", " permanent income hypothesis " " life - cycle " of consumption, " super inflation theory ", " tax smoothing " and the design of economic stabilization policies
然後簡要闡述了理性預期在以下理論中扮演的關鍵角色：股票價格「隨機行走」 、 「有效市場理論」 ， 「超級通貨膨脹理論」 ， 「消費的永久收入」和「生命周期」理論， 「稅收平滑」理論，以及經濟穩定政策設計理論。 -
A theory holding that economic variations within a given system, such as changing rates of inflation, are most often caused by increases or decreases in the money supply
貨幣主義一種認為在某一特定系統內的經濟變動，如通貨膨脹的利率變動，主要是由貨幣供應量的增減引起的理論 -
As far as the quantity theory of money goes, inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon
而本文的切入角度是國際收支的貨幣因素。 -
There are five sections in this paper. in the first section, the definition of the welfare costs of inflation is introduced and a brief summary about the previous researches is done to show where this line of research stands today. in a word, an assessment of the welfare costs of inflation requires a sound understanding of the benefits of monetary exchange relative to alternative payment arrangement or, equivalently, a theory of why money is useful
第一部分給出了平穩通貨膨脹（各期的通貨膨脹水平保持相同）下，通貨膨脹福利成本的定義，即在某一通貨膨脹水平下，需要補貼給公眾多少收入，才能使他們的效用水平與帕累托最優狀態下的效用水平保持一致;並對前人關于這一問題的研究做了較為詳細的綜述。 -
They are agricultural productive materials price growth rate, sown area of grain crops growth rate, grain yield per area growth rate -, natural disaster covered grain areas growth rate, net grain import change rate, grain reserve change rate, population growth rate, per income growth rate, city and town population growth rate, food industry production value growth rate, year - end pig number growth rate, medical & pharmaceutical and textile industry production value growth rate, grain marketization degree, inflation rate using the previous year as base year ( preceding year = 100 ), public grain purchases price growth rate, investment in agricultural science and technology growth rate, investment in agricultural infrastructure growth rate, growth rate of graduates number from agriculture, forestry, science & technology universities and colleges and specialized secondary schools, government expenditure for agriculture and agricultural credit growth rate, international grain price growth rate, rmb exchange rate growth rate, last grain price growth rate, economic crop price growth rate, meanwhile, a new method is attempted to be used in this paper and the grain price early - warning problem is transformed into machine learning problem by introducing statistic learning theory and svm method which are gaining popularity in machine learning field at present in the world
在此基礎上，篩選出23個警兆指標：農用生產資料價格增長率、糧食播種面積增長率、糧食單產增長率、糧食受災面積增長率、糧食凈進口量變化率、糧食儲備變動率、人口增長率、人均收入增長率、城鎮人口增長率、食品工業產值增長率、豬年末頭數增長率、醫藥紡織工業產值增長率、糧食市場化程度、以上年為基年的通貨膨脹率、國家糧食定購價格增長率、農業科技投入增長率、農業基礎設施投入增長率、農、林、科技高校大、中專畢業生人數增長率、財政支農資金比重及農業信貸增長率、國際糧食市場價格增長率、人民幣匯率增長率、上期糧食價格增長率、經濟作物價格增長率。同時論文在預警方法上作了新的嘗試，把糧食價格預警問題轉換成一個機器學習問題，引進當前國際上機器學習領域中比較熱門的統計學習理論和支持向量機方法，用順序回歸演算法對歷史數據進行學習建立了糧食價格預警模型。 -
The creation of too many qq coins, he notes, could, in theory, create a surge in china ' s total money supply, leading to inflation
如果創造出過多q幣，他說，理論上的推論就是，造成中國貨幣攻擊總量的激增，有可能導致通貨膨脹。 -
" how to design the new mortgage products corresponding with chinese conditions ? " is the main thread of this study. centralizing on it, the author makes the systematic design for chinese mortgage instruments from four aspects including borrowers " risk bearablity, life - span theory, tendency of flexible payment and dodge inflation risk
筆者以「如何設計符合本國國情的新型住房抵押貸款方式」為論文主線，從貸款客戶風險承受能力、生命周期理論、靈活還款趨勢、規避通貨膨脹風險等四個方面對我國住房抵押貸款進行了一個全方位的設計。 -
Based on the summary of previous evaluation methods, this paper points out the shortcomings of them, then draw the theory of artificial neural network into risk evaluation, through an example of some kind of investment project and the training and examination of a group investigation sample, it sets up the artificial neural network model. at last, this model is applied to the real case of an engineering project to evaluate its risk level and satisfactory result is made ; in the fifth chapter of this paper, the main risk factors that affect the economic appraisal of the engineering investment project are described through the form of relationship chart. then it is proved by way of deduction of formula that the risky influence that is brought by inflation must be considered in the engineering investment project
本文在對以往評價方法進行歸納總結的基礎上，指出其中存在的不足之處，將人工神經網路理論引入到風險評價中，以某一類投資項目為例，通過對一組調查樣本的訓練和檢測，建立了工程投資項目風險評價的人工神經網路模型，並通過實例對模型進行了驗證，取得了滿意結果；在本文第五部分，對影響工程投資項目經濟評價的主要風險因素以關系圖的形式進行了描述，然後通過公式推導證明了在工程投資項目中應該考慮通貨膨脹帶來的風險影響，接著在分析以往建立的經濟評價凈現金流量表達式存在不足的基礎上提出了另外一種方式的表達式，即凈現值解析模型，對該模型的求解進行了詳細的說明，並分析了如何恰當的選擇各風險變量的概率分佈，最後在考慮投資者風險偏好的前提下，提出了工程投資項目新的風險度量模型。
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