judge-made 中文意思是什麼
judge-made
解釋
由法官[判決]創造的（the judge-made law 【法律】判例法）。-
The judge made a cold appraisal of the evidence.
法官對這一證據作了一番毫無偏見的估計。 -
The bulk of american contract law is judge - made case law
美國合同法的大部分是由法官創制的判例法 -
The judge made recommendations to the court.
法官向法庭提出建議。 -
We vacate the judgment on remedies, because the trial judge engaged in impermissible ex parte contacts by holding secret interviews with members of the media and made numerous offensive comments about microsoft officials in public statements outside of the courtroom, giving rise to an appearance of partiality, ' ' the court said
判決說： "由於傑克遜法官同外界進行了法律不允許的接觸，比如同媒體進行秘密談話，在法庭外公開對微軟做出了許多攻擊性的評論，因此給人留下一種對微軟持有偏見的印象，因此我們推翻原判，以進行補救。 -
We vacate the judgment on remedies, because the trial judge engaged in impermissible ex parte contacts by holding secret interviews with members of the media and made numerous offensive comments about microsoft officials in public statements outside of the courtroom, giving rise to an appearance of partiality, " the court said
判決說： "由於傑克遜法官同外界進行了法律不允許的接觸，比如同媒體進行秘密談話，在法庭外公開對微軟做出了許多攻擊性的評論，因此給人留下一種對微軟持有偏見的印象，因此我們推翻原判，以進行補救。 -
Next, ( normal procedure ) general court is assure order of front courtyard careful, the presiding judge is checking the court is made after party record general still was not pressed to the litigant of front courtyard on time be less than front courtyard to handle without warrant refus, make judgment by default
其次， （正規程序）一般法院為保證庭審秩序，審判長在核對當事人之後並作法庭記錄將仍未按時到庭的訴訟當事人按無正當理由拒不到庭處理，作缺席判決。 -
A simple analysis on the differences among conversion words and homophones, polysemants and flexible uses of words are made so as to confirm judge - standard of conversion words
通過兼類詞與同音詞、多義詞、詞的活用等語言現象之間區別的淺析，便可以初步確定兼類詞的判定標準。 -
After reviewing the venation of judge pao ' s story at large, comparisons made between the image in popular narration and in historic narration show consistence as well as inconsistence
總之，民間敘事中的包公形象與歷史敘事中的包公形象，既有一致的地方，也有背離的地方。 -
Part three the study of lattice - valued modal first - order logic system and its resolution principle in this part, we introduced quantifiers and predicate into lmp ( x ), put up lattice - valued modal first - order logic system lmf ( x ), and gave its semantic interpretation and syntax structure, proved soundness theorem and consistence theorem. moreover, in order to judge the satisfiability of formula, defined skolem standard type and h - interpretation. based on these work, made a primary discussion of a - resolution principle based on lmf ( x )
第三部分：關于格值模態一階邏輯系統及其歸結原理的研究第n頁西南交通大學博士研究生學位論文這一部分主要是在格值模態命題邏輯系統lmp隊）中引進量詞和謂詞，建立格值模態一階邏輯系統lmf （廣並給出其語又解釋和語法結構，證明了系統的可靠性和協調性；另外，為了判斷公式的可滿足性，定義了格值模態一階公式的skolem標準型和體解釋；在此基礎上，對基於系統lmf （ ）的a一歸結原理進行了初步探討 -
I believe it a more rational mode of law - making to give priority to enacted law with judge - made law as supplement
我認為，採取以制定法為主以法官造法為輔才是一種比較合理造法模式。 -
However, the complicated proceedings needed in enacted law also lead to lower efficiency compared with judge - made law
但是，也正因為立法者造法需要通過復雜的程序來集思廣益，所以效率比較低；而司法者造法的效率則比較高。 -
In general, judge - made law is also called judiciary - made law, case law and unwritten law, which means judicial functionaries formulate laws applied to individual cases by adjudicating specific lawsuits
法官造法通常也稱為「司法者造法」 、 「判例法」或「不成文法」 ，是指由司法人員通過審判具體案件而制定出適用於個案的法律。 -
If judges can create laws at will beyond or even discarding the spirits and principles of present laws, authority - exceeding as far as arbitrariness of judicature will occur, which over - magnifies the power of judges with civil rights open to the threats of new judge - made law all the time
如果法官可以超越甚至拋棄現行法律的精神和原則，隨心所欲地創造法律，那就會導致司法越權甚至司法專橫，這將會使法官的權力過大而使公民的權利隨時面臨著法官新造之法的威脅。 -
Because of the common law tradition, american law comes from four basic sources : the federal and state constitutions, statutes made by the united states congress and the legislatures of the various states, case law or judge - made law ( uncodified law based on judicial decisions ), and rules and decisions formulated by administrative agencies collectively known as administrative law
由於普通法系統的傳統，美國法律有4個基本來源：聯邦和州憲法，美國國會和各州議會通過的成文法，判例法或者說法官制定的法律（基於法院判決的不成文法） ，以及統稱為行政法的由各行政機關制定的規則和決議。 -
Enacted law helps to maintain the universal applicability and relative stability of law, the respect of which is the general conditions of the whole society, while judge - made law takes more advantages in particular and flexible applicability of law, focusing on specific situations of individual cases
制定法的著眼點是全社會的普遍情況，因此有利於保障法律的普遍適用性和相對穩定性；而法官造法的著眼點是個案的具體情況，因此可以更好地保障法律的個別適用性和靈活適用性。 -
. firstlv we should exert the ability of judge to overcome the shortage of positive law, and aeeepl judge - made law. secondly we should absorb the law development mode of precedent in the case that we are lack of enough positive law. thirdly for the sack of the aim ruled by law, we should set up the authority of judge
在法官擁有個案解釋后不可避免的會產生創造性的適用法律，我們可在最高人民法院院設立判例委員會，通過法定的程序將這部分案例上升為判例，使其產生法的效力，對今後法官審理相同或類似的案件產生拘束力。 -
The judge made recommendations to the court
法官向審判人員提出建議。 -
After hearing all the statements, the judge made a sentence
聽完所有的陳述后，法官作出了判決。 -
Some judge made in executing procedure may be titles
執行程序中作出的某些裁定可以成為執行根據。 -
On their views, the judge just have the power to apply law, the determination that the judge made only has binding force on the case he handled it could not be seen as law in order to keep the authority of the code and the security that all people need
在他們看來，法官只是適用法律，個案判決只對該案產生拘束力，而不能將其上升為判例產生普遍的拘束力，以此確保法典的權威以及人們對安全的訴求。
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