l-t method 中文意思是什麼

The purposes of the present study were to investigate ( 1 ) the hemodynamic effects of agmatine in anaesthetized dahl salt - sensitive ( ds ) hypertensive and dahl salt - resistant ( dr ) rats ; ( 2 ) the effect of agmatine on vascular tension in the isolated aortic artery of rats and the underlying receptor mechanism ; ( 3 ) the effects of local injection of agmatine on femoral, renal, and mesenteric vascular beds by constant flow perfusion method ; ( 4 ) the effect of agmatine on l - type calcium current ( / ca - t ) in rat ventricular myocytes with whole - cell configuration of the patch - clamp technique ; ( 5 ) the effects of agmatine on free intracellular calcium concentration ( ca2 + d of isolated rat ventricular myocytes

（ 3 ）採用後肢、腎臟和腸系膜動脈在體恆流灌注法，觀察向灌流環路中直接注射胍丁胺的血管效應。 （ 4 ）應用全細胞膜片箝技術，觀察胍丁胺對大鼠心室肌細胞l -型鈣通道電流（ i _ （ ca - l ） ）的影響。 （ 5 ）用fluo3 - am負載分離的大鼠心室肌細胞后，由激光共聚焦法測定單個心室肌細胞[ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i的熒光強度，觀察胍丁胺對分離大鼠心室肌細胞內游離鈣濃度（ [ ca ~ （ 2 + ） ] _ i ）的影響。

After the recombinant plasmid pcdna3. 1 / ts87 was identified by digestion of hindlll and bamh i, it transformed into cos7 by lipofectamine. expression product was identified by immunohistochemical method, sds - page and western - blot. the immunocytochemistry result has shown that specific brown - staining grains were found in the cytoplasm of cells transformed by recombinant plasmid versus not seen in cells transformed by pcdna3. 1 or normal cells ; the sds - page result has revealed that a band about 3 8kb was found in cell lysis transformed by recombinant plasmid versus not in cells transformed by pcdnas. l or normal cells ; the western - blot result has showed that only the band about 38kd was recognized by sera from rabbit infected by t. s artificially and sera from rabbit immunized with soluble antigen of t. s and with protein expressed by ts87 gene and by a monoclonal antibody of t. s

通過細胞的免疫組化，細胞裂解物的sds - page電泳， westem - blot分析檢測目的基因的表達情況。免疫組化結果顯示：重組質粒轉染的細胞質中有棕褐色顆粒，而空載體轉染細胞及正常細胞無此現象；細胞裂解物sds - page電泳結果顯示：只有重組質粒轉染的細胞在約38kd處有明顯的蛋白帶，這與理論計算的ts87基因表達蛋白的分子量為38kd基本一致； western - blot分析結果顯示：約38kd的蛋白帶能夠分別被旋毛蟲感染兔血清，成蟲蟲體可溶性抗原免疫兔血清， ts87基因原核表達蛋白免疫兔血清（ ts87血清）以及一株具保護性的旋毛蟲單抗特異識別。

Cot1s i deri ng that t he exte ] - ioi - in t el - ference mai n1 y comes from t 11e sea fl o v l11elj i t i s un ( lel ' - i1 t el ", thi s nfr ) j { j1t i ; fi + lk, 7 : f } itft, ? } { t ! : i / cx pal7er veri fj ed t he st i ~ ol1g 1 ~ oi ) ust ness of th is fuxzy va1 - iilb1 e st l ' uctul ' c control method against the mode1 uncertainties and external disturhances, such as the variat ions of the sea current i s sdeed and direct ion, ancl it a1 so coinpared it se1f wi t. h the l > ji ) contl ~ o1 ler in comnlon use and the regu1ar variable structure contro11 er

論文分別討論了潛器縱向，橫向和航向三個子系統在不同條件下的控制問題，考慮到該潛器潛航時外界干擾主要來自海流，驗證了模糊變結構控制方法對模型參數時變及海流速度、方向變化的強魯棒性，同時將該控制器跟實際工程中常用的pid控制器和常規的變結構控制器的控制效果進行比較，並結合實際情況，將該控制器同縱傾調節相結合進行控制以更好地滿足實際工程的需要。

Considering the theoretical differences of t. l. method and u. l. method, this paper discusses the time efficiency and applicability approximately

針對t . l .法和u . l .法的差別，對比分析了二者的時間效率，並對二者的適用性作了初步探討。

In the last part, an experiential formula for nondimensional thermal stratification height is obtained, which includes inlet temperature t, inlet velocity v, heat transfer of the wall body q and the distance of heat source l. in order to obtain a more realistic result, the ? model is used to simulate the airflow and the buoyancy item is treated by boussinesq hypothesis. the paper investigates the flow field of the displacement ventilation in an office by a numerical method

兩方程湍流模型為基礎的壁面函數處理方法，對熱浮升力項採用了boussinesq假設，得到了收斂的溫度場、速度場分佈。在此基礎上，給出了熱力分層高度的計算方法，並分析了送風溫度、送風速度、圍護結構傳熱和熱源分佈等因素對熱力分層高度的影響。

5 hong x l, jing t, xu j y, bao h y, gu j. cnb : a critical - network - based timing optimization method for standard cell global routing

即：每隻螞蟻各自維護一個訪問結點列表，記錄已經訪問過的結點，以此避免重復訪問同一個結點。

In this article, the author amplified dna sequences encoding the mature peptides of human intact and truncated igf - 1 gene from human genomic dna by the new way of alternative pcr established and named as exons - piecing together method by this laboratory. the igf - 1 and des ( l - 3 ) igf - l gene were cloned in pgem - t vector and then subcloned in expression plasmid pgex - 3x. two recombinant constructs known as pgex - 3x - igf - l and pgex - 3x - des ( l - 3 ) igf - l were transformed to e. coli dh5 a respectively

我們利用外顯子拼接法從人的基因組dna中擴增了編碼完整型及截短型人igf - 1基因成熟肽的dna片段，並將其克隆至pgem - t載體中；經測序證明正確后，又構建了表達載體pgex - 3x - igf - 1及pgex - 3x - des （ 1 - 3 ） igf - 1 ，在大腸桿菌中進行了表達研究。

Choosing the 1 # hydraulic lp system of casting and rolling in zhujiang steel l. t. d as the researching object, the paper provides the method of appropriately dealing with initial data and judging the acute wear of equipment by using pls arithmetic which is fit for the condition of fewer samples and more variables

論文以珠江鋼鐵公司連鑄連軋生產線上1 #液壓lp系統為一研究對象，對原始放射光譜數據進行適當的預處理，運用適合於少樣本多相關變量回歸分析的偏最小二乘演算法，判斷設備是否存在劇烈磨損。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

The fourth method of calculation of the transient distribution l ( t ) will be covered in chapter 4

還有計算l （ t ）的瞬時分佈的第四種方法，這將在第四章中介紹。

The paper introduced the space stability theory based on the method of the rotation of a cross section around a fixed axis of the thin - walled member, and made some simply discursions. according to the theory, a programme was worked out to analyse [ - shaped, t - shaped and l - shaped axes columns. using the results of the programme, the paper has made the graph of the critical force changing by, and furthermore analysed the characteristic of the thin - walled members " space stability

本文對基於繞定軸轉動理論的薄壁構件的空間穩定理論進行了介紹和簡單的分析論證，並根據此理論編程對「 [ 」形、 「 t 」形和「 l 」形軸壓構件進行了大量計算，作出其空間穩定臨界力隨長細比的變化曲線圖，對其空間穩定特性作了一定的分析。

The apbf can be characterized in eight aspects : policy - oriented operation, non - profitable target, specified domain, stability of economic resources, favorable charges, certainty of compensatory interest, complementary with commercial finance, specialty in regulation. under the guide of theoretical framework and with the comparison with foreign apbf institutions, we can explains the theoretical basis at large : ( l ) as a developing country, the saving level is low in rural area and capital for investment is scarce so that finances ca n ' t be allocated by market fully when the agriculture protect strategy is applied. the apbf institution supplys low - interest loan which is a selective credit supply method to avoid it ; ( 2 ) taking advantage of the function of the " adverse selection ", apbf can be developed to solve the problems such as scarcity of agriculture information, unsymmetrical information and scarcity of long - term capital

總量方面，資金來源與其所承擔的任務所需資金之間存在著較大的缺口，也缺乏長期穩定的資金來源，資金來源渠道過于單一，籌資功能不健全，且在期限結構上存在突出矛盾；三是不良資產比例居高不下，危及農業政策性金融機構生存和發展的基礎，也潛伏著較大的金融風險；四是貸款業務范圍偏窄，功能發揮受限，嚴重缺乏用於農業基本建設、技術改造、林業、治沙以及農業科技改良等方面的中長期貸款，這與農業政策性金融增加農業投入、增強農業發展后勁、支持農村特別是貧困地區經濟發展的重任很不相稱；五是利益補償不足，弱化了農業政策性金融機構的自我積累能力；六是外部環境不佳。

With the recent advent of deep submicron technology and new packing schemes, the components in the integrated circuit are often not rectangular. on the basis of the representation of corner block list, we propose a new method of handling rectilinear blocks. in this paper, the handling of the rectilinear blocks is simplified by transforming the l t - shaped block problem into the align - abutment constraint problem

尤其在深亞微米工藝設計中， ip模塊的廣泛使用和新的封裝工藝的使用使得集成電路器件並不局限於矩形的模塊，如數據電路模塊data path block由於其相互關聯的控制關系使其具有特殊的形狀l t型，這使得電路設計中需要考慮l t型模塊的處理。

Introduced infected by the turnip mosaic virus. there are many useful objective genes can be used in vegetable genetic transformation, but the research work of chinese cabbage genetic transformation is little. the reaserch on transforming chinese cabbage using agrobacterium - med ated method has n ' t been report at home and abroad. ln the test, tumv - cp gene was transferred into chinese cabbage ( brassica campestris l. ssp. pekinensis ) via agrobacterium - mediated method. a high effective regeneration and genetic transformatin system has been established, the detection by the method of molecular biology, has proved that the regenerative plants are transgenic plants and the target genes have been expressed transgenic plants partly. meanwhile transgenic progenies were traced and investigated so that heredity, stability and expression of target gene were researched. the virus resistant, stable plants were expected to obt ain so that theoretical base can be established for chinese cabbage breeding by gene engineering

利用農桿菌介導法轉化大白菜抗病基因的研究工作在國內外未見報道。本課試驗採用農桿菌介導法將tumv - cp基因導入大白菜中，建立了高效的大白菜離體再生、遺傳轉化體系，並對轉基因植株進行分子生物學檢測，證實得到的再生植株為轉基因植株，目的基因已在部分植株上表達。同時，對轉基因植株的後代進行檢測，分析該基因所控制性狀的遺傳穩定性以及基因表達情況，為大白菜基因工程抗病育種提供理論依據。

Abstract : an integrating model combining the artificial neura l network with the linear arx model and its identification method is proposed. based on that model, a multivariable nonlinear predictive control algorithm is persented. the algorithm employs the result of the linear predictive control, obtains explicit nonlinear optimal controlling inputs and doesn " t need on - line numerical optimizing which is necessary in general nonlinear model ( including ann model ) predictive control. that greatly decreases on - line computing consumption, strengthens the reliability of the algorithm and the stability of the system. the simulation results in cstr are shown

文摘:提出了一種由人工神經網路與線性arx模型相結合的集成模型，給出了其辨識訓練方法.以此模型為基礎，提出了一種多變量非線性預測控制演算法.它利用線性預測控制的成果，得到一解析式的非線性優化控制輸入，避免了通常非線性模型（包括普通人工神經網路模型）預測控制所需的在線數值尋優計算，節約了在線計算時間，提高了演算法的可靠性和穩定性.進一步給出了在cstr反應器上的模擬實驗結果

Editing statement on gb t 18449. 1 - 2001metallic materials knoop hardness test part l : test method

復合材料力學性能的試驗評價方法及其標準化動向

Introduced the second order analysis of the thin - walled members based on the theory of the rotation of a cross section around a fixed axis, and discussed the general methods of the loading capacity and the space stability coefficient for the thin - walled columns. used a programme, a large amount of space stability coefficient of t - shaped and l - shaped axes columns with a initial bend was computed to gain the curves of the columns. the procedure of the computation behaved the simplification and the convenience of the method

介紹了以定軸轉動理論為基礎的薄壁柱空間穩定二階分析方法，初步論證了以此為基礎的薄壁柱空間穩定承載力的驗算及空間穩定系數的計算方法，並藉助程序對具有初彎曲的各種「 t 」形和「 l 」形軸壓柱的空間穩定系數進行了計算，作出其柱子曲線圖，從而驗證了此方法的可行性和簡便性，同時提出以此為基礎對鋼結構截面優化的方法。

There is a little of difference between [ l ] and [ 2 ] in the method of prov - ing. in solving ( l ), we use different methods with [ 1 ], the authors did n ' t obtain the green ' s functions in [ l ], they estimated the properties of the green ' s functions directly, but in this paper, we calculated firstly the green ' s functions, then estimated the properties using the green ' s functions ; we use the similar method with [ 2 ] in solving ( 2 ). to obtain the results, we turn it from high dimension to low dimension in solving ( 2 )

在證明方法上，本文對這兩類邊值問題進行了不同方式的處理：邊值問題（ 1 ）的思想方法與[ 1 ]略有不同， [ 1 ]沒有給出green函數的具體表達式，採取了估計格林函數性質的方式，而本文則先計算出了格林函數的具體表達式，再利用green函數進行估計；邊值問題（ 2 ）則採取了與[ 2 ]相似的證明方法，將高維方程的格林函數轉化到低維上，再利用低維方程green函數的性質得到結果。