low column 中文意思是什麼
low column
解釋
低料柱-
In this paper, we focus on the following three topics : ( i ) density distribution of dusty plasma in the low - pressure collisionless positive column the radial density distributions of electron, ion and dust particle in the low - pressure collisionless positive column are investigated with a fluid theory and a self - consistent dust - charging model
本文著重以下三個方面的研究： （ ）低氣壓無碰撞輝光放電正柱區塵埃等離子體密度徑向分佈本文採用流體模型和自洽的塵埃充電模型，研究了低氣壓無碰撞輝光放電正柱區的電子密度、離子密度和塵埃粒子密度的徑向分佈。 -
Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings, the structure method, structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form. through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure, including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings, the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base, and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions, destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions, many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings, the static function, the seismic performance, energy dissipation, vibration reduction, energy - loss mechanism, nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied. aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained, such as the natural period of structure, vibration modes, damping ratio, factor of vibration isolation, oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration, velocity and displacement, magnitude of slippage, and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc. based on these research, the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method, calculating mode, strength analysis of members and joints, strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account
依照宋代《營造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木結構構件及結構模型，對中國古代木結構中的典型構造如：柱腳在礎石頂面平擱簡支、柱架榫卯連接、柱高不越間之廣、側腳、生起、斗拱等的構造機理及結構功能進行了量化分析和實驗研究： （一）通過木柱石礎靜摩擦試驗，測定了柱腳與石礎古鏡面間的摩擦系數及摩擦力隨上部結構荷載變化的規律； （二）通過單柱承載力試驗，測定了古建築中木柱的受力變形特徵、破壞模式、及模型材料的變形模量、極限承載力、極限變形等參量； （三）通過柱架低周反復荷載試驗，測定了柱架的抗側移剛度、柱架恢復力特性及滯回曲線、榫卯張角剛度及其變化規律、柱架及榫卯的極限承載力和極限變形、及榫卯減振參數； （四）通過斗?低周反復荷載試驗和受壓試驗，測定了古建築木構件與木構件間摩擦系數，斗?抗側移剛度，斗?恢復力特性及滯回曲線，斗?抗壓極限承載力及受力變形規律； （五）通過抬梁式殿堂間架模型振動臺試驗，測定了殿堂木構架結構自振周期，地震反應振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比；按結構分層特點對柱腳、柱頭和斗?層上的屋蓋的地震反應採用多點同步測量，對柱根滑移、榫卯變形、斗?的變形、復位、耗能減振參數等進行了定量分析。 -
In this thesis, four types of steel beam - rectangular cfst column connections, including normal welded flange plate ( wfp ) connection, bolted flange plate ( bfp ) connection, stiffened end plate ( sep ) connection and double split - tee plate ( dst ) connection, were designed based on the configuration of steel frame connection. total 8 models, 2 models of each kind of connections were tested under low - reversed cyclic loading at the end of cfst columns. the relationships between force and displacement at the end of columns, the relationships between the moment and rotation of the joints, degradations of strength and stiffness, ductility, failure mechanism and failure characteristics of these four connections under different axial - compression ratios were presented
本文借鑒鋼框架節點構造，設計了四種類型矩形鋼管混凝土柱與鋼梁連接節點，包括常規栓焊（ wfp ）節點、翼緣全螺栓連接（ bfp ）節點、雙t板連接（ dst ）節點以及加勁端板連接（ sep ）節點，進行了四類節點8個模型試件在柱端低周反復荷載作用下的抗震性能試驗研究，比較了不同軸壓比下節點的滯回性能、強度與剛度退化、延性、破壞機理與破壞特徵，主要結論有： 1 、節點的位移滯回曲線與轉角滯回曲線為塊型分佈，沒有或略有捏攏現象，耗能能力強； 2 、軸壓比對節點滯回曲線有顯著影響，全部節點都有顯著的剛度退化； 3 、位移與轉角骨架曲線在峰值荷載後有較長的水平或下降段，具有良好的延性性能； 4 、從整體抗震性能上看，翼緣全螺栓連接節點、雙t板連接與加勁端板連接節點都優于常規栓焊節點，可在實際工程中加以推廣。 -
According to a series of experimental data, the effect of following factors on the temperature in the ultra - low temperature box and cop are analyzed : the mixture composition, the pressure ratio and the return fluid extraction ratio of the rectifying column, the refrigeration capacity and the flow rate through throttle valve
並根據一系列實驗結果，分析了工質配比、循環壓比及精餾柱迴流液的抽取率、加熱量和節流元件對低溫箱內溫度和系統cop的影響，為今後的進一步研究指明了方向。 -
Numerical simulation results indicate that, for low temperature dust particles, dust particles mainly exist in the area near the column center and their charge - number can be considered as a constant, while in the area where there are no dust particles, ion and electrons are in ambipolar diffusion ; for high temperature dust particles, both the distribution regions of dust particle and high ion density are expanded and dust charge - number is increasing with the distance from the center
計算結果表明：當塵埃粒子的溫度較低時，塵埃粒子主要集中在圓柱形放電器的中心很小的區域，塵埃粒子攜帶的電荷幾乎是一個常數，受塵埃粒子空間電荷的影響，離子在該區域的密度最高。在遠離中心區域，離子和電子呈現雙及擴散特點；當塵埃粒子的溫度較高時，塵埃粒子分佈的區域和高離子密度區域擴大，塵埃粒子離放電器中心越遠，攜帶的負電荷越多。 -
Column and content as a journal in the electro - optic field, it is an application technology oriented journal, it covers almost all the topics relevant with optics, such as optical design, optical fabrication and integration, image processing, optical metrology, electro - optic engineering, optical communication, low - light - level night vision, ir and laser technology, thin - film optics, electro - optic countermeasures, etc
同時，應用光學也受到國外著名檢索機構網路的關注， 2006年被俄羅斯文摘雜志aj美國化學文摘ca和劍橋科學文摘csa收錄， coden碼為yguae4 ，在國際上有了一定的影響力。 -
Through analysis of potential vorticity in isobaric surface field, in low - troposphere a positive potential vorticity disturbance exist and form incline disturbance column northward before rainstorm generation, at the same time have also reflected positive potential vorticity disturbance for severe convection weather trigger role in lower - troposphere ; soon positive potential vorticity disturbance in high - troposphere downward, form one vertical disturbance column, now corresponding precipitation develop stage ; in the prosperous stage of rainstorm that maintains isolines of horizontal distribution and still have straight positive potential vorticity disturbance in 600 - 700 hpa isobaric surface field ; when near ground arises negative potential vorticity disturbance, precipitation also weaken
通過對等壓面的位渦分析，發現了在暴雨發生前，在對流層低層有正位渦擾動存在並向北形成傾斜的擾動柱，同時也反映了對流層低層正位渦擾動對強對流天氣的觸發作用；隨后高層正位渦向下擾動，形成一個垂直擾動柱，這時對應降水的發展階段：在暴雨的鼎盛階段， 600 700hpa上空維持水平分佈的等值線，在其上還有正的位渦擾動；當近地面出現負的位渦擾動時，降水隨之也減弱。 -
According to the demand of 《 code for seismic design of building 》 ( gb50011 - 2001 ), furthermore, based on the experimental study of two 1 / 15 reduced - scale shear wall models under low frequency cyclic and reversed lateral loads, the interacting behavior of the r. c frame column and the shear wall is studied, the failure mechanism and energy dissipation mechanism of moderate and tall shear wall with r. c frame column are compared, the seismic behavior is evaluated by the comparison of strength, stiffness, ductility, restoring force characteristics as well as energy consumption ability. it was showed by the experimental results that the earthquake resistant energy dissipation ability of the shear wall with frame column is satisfactory
因此，為了探討這類剪力墻結構的抗震性能，本文以我國現行《建築抗震設計規范》 （ gb50011 - 2001 ）的要求為基礎，通過1 15的縮尺比，將一縱向框架一剪力墻原型結構中的剪力墻結構模擬為一個試驗模型並對其進行了偽靜力加載試驗，研究了墻板與邊框柱的共同工作性能，分析了帶邊框柱中高剪力墻的受力特點、破壞及耗能機理，並從承載力、剛度、變形、延性及恢復力特性等方面綜合評價了其抗震性能，得出了一些有益的設計理念和方法。 -
After the acet is vaporized, the active substance in water is gotten. and which is vaporized at low temperature. then the crude active substance is purified by column chromatography on sephadex g - 75. after a series of purifications again, we could get some white powder at last. though the active substance is diluted to50 g / ml, the activity is still checkeded - up through phyto phtnora casicileon. the purified active substance is insensitive to heat, resistant to chloroform 、 ethanol and the orhers. in addition, the active substance is sensitive to high ph ( 10 ~ 14 ), but it is not sensitive to low ph ( 1 ~ 5 ). furthermre, when the ph is made to low again, the activity of it ' s comes back
用蒸餾水對菌體稀釋；加入適量吸附樹脂在150rpm 、 28下振蕩吸附4h ， 80 %的丙酮解吸，過濾解吸液得到活性物質的澄清溶液，旋轉蒸發儀旋轉蒸發去處丙酮，經sephadexg - 75分子篩層析得單一活性峰，收集峰值部分樣品液經冷凍乾燥得到淡褐色粉末，該活性物質用丙酮充分洗滌、甲醇-乙醚重結晶獲得略帶微黃的白色粉末，該活性物質50 g / ml仍可對蘇雲金芽孢桿菌hd - 1產生明顯的抑制作用。 -
In the ansys software environment, two three - dimensional finite models are constructed, based the experiments of four steel beam - steel reinforced concrete column joints under low reversed cyclic loading by beijing polytechnic university ( 2000 )
本文在鋼梁?鋼骨混凝土柱節點抗震性能試驗研究的基礎上，應用大型有限元軟體ansys對其中兩個不同類型的節點試件進行了非線性有限元分析。 -
A coefficient of 0. 9 can be multiplied to ensure the safety of structures. by and large, the back covered porous brick wall with constructional column and gird beam has the same shearing strength under low circulated load as other porous brick wall, so the shear resistance and aseismatic capability can be calculated by the standard method. the experiment indicates that the back covered porous brick wall has good energy absorbing as well as deforming capability, and it can satisfy the requirement of aseismatic structures
盲孔多孔磚砌體的通縫抗剪強度略低於規范計算值，為保證結構安全，建議設計時乘以系數0 . 9 ；盲孔多孔磚墻片在低周反復荷載作用下抗剪承載力與其它多孔磚墻片基本相當，可按規范方法計算其抗震抗剪承載力；試驗證明帶構造柱及圈樑的盲孔多孔磚墻片有較好的吸能、變形能力，可以滿足抗震結構的要求。 -
Packing : teflon or graphite packing protected from low temperatures by a column of insulating gas
填料：通過保溫絕緣氣體來保護聚四氟乙烯或石墨免受低溫影響。 -
For column zone where vertical quite low resistance anomaly exists in deep basin, zone where specific resistance is less than 40 m in shell, they are related to heat power action in deep place which is resemble to mantle ( crust ) sub plume
對盆地深部存在的垂向極低阻異常柱區和殼內電阻率值40 ? m的區帶與深部熱力作用活動相聯系，類似於地幔（地殼）亞熱柱。 -
The study on the behavior of semi - rigid joints in steel - concrete composite frames gets widely attention recently. a high degree of continuity can be achieved at a very low cost just providing the slab with rebar running along the column. furthermore, stiffness and ultimate resistance can be controlled in a rather simple way by a suitable selection of steel connection detailing and amount of reinforcement
鋼-混凝土組合框架中半剛性組合節點性能的研究近來引起了廣泛的關注，這種節點形式花很低的成本就可以通過混凝土板內的縱向鋼筋實現組合梁在不同跨之間的連續性，而且通過選擇合適的型鋼樑柱連接方式和縱向鋼筋數量，可以有效地控制節點的剛度與承載能力。 -
The molecularly imprinted monolithic column is developed in hplc, due to its simple preparation, high selectivity and low flow resistance. its progress of the preparation, characteristic and mechanism are reviewed
分子印跡整體柱具有制備簡單、特異選擇好及傳質阻力低等優點，在高效液相色譜中的應用發展迅速。本文綜述了分子印跡整體柱的制備、表徵及分離機制等的研究進展。 -
Single phase ac reactive power meter : light column display single screen digital display, outline dimension 80160 mm, rs - 485 standard serial communication ; transmission output ma ; high low limit alarm function switch power supply input voltage 380 v input current 05 a display range 01900 var
單相交流無功功率表光柱顯示單屏數字顯示外形尺寸80160 rs - 485標準串列通訊變送輸出4 20 ma ，上下限報警功能開關電源供電;輸入電壓380v ;輸入電流05a ;顯示量程0 1900var 。 -
Study on euler column spring used in ultra - low frequency vertical vibration isolation system
歐拉壓桿在超低頻垂直隔振系統中的應用研究 -
An experimental apparatus has been set up and experiments have been carried out successfully. it is the first time to use a kind of environment - friendly refrigerant, a rectifying column and an air - conditioning compressor in the ultra - low temperature refrigeration cycle. high boiling component, low boiling component and lubricant can be separated effectively
本文自製了一臺自動復疊製冷循環樣機，採用環保型製冷工質、精餾裝置和單級油潤滑空調壓縮機，實現了混合工質高低沸點組元和潤滑油的高效分離，成功地把低溫箱內的溫度降到- 80 。 -
The threshold speed and the typical characteristics of the oil whip of the system are simulated under the nonlinear model of oil film force, and the state of motion and type of the bifurcation are analyzed by floquet multiplicators which is computed by the shooting method. secondly, the the nonlinear dynamical model of the low - pressure rotor - bearing system by column bearing with reduced dimensions is presented. the numerical results show the rule of the amplitude with the eccentricity of rotor, the length - to - diameter ratio, oil viscosity and the clearance - to - radius ratio of the bearing under the definite speed
其次，對降維后的低壓轉子?軸承系統的非線性動力學方程，計算了圓柱瓦軸承支撐的轉子系統的振動穩定性在固定轉速下隨偏心距、軸承長徑比、潤滑油動力粘度和軸承間隙比的變化規律，並分析了轉子前軸承軸頸的失穩轉速與轉子偏心距、軸承長徑比、潤滑油動力粘度和軸承間隙比之間的關系，同時利用floquet理論分析其運動狀態和分岔類型。 -
With the increase in production load, there is heavy liquid entrainment from the rectification column, resulting in a rise in urea content in the low - pressure ammonium carbamate solution, bringing about the cold crystallization of the low - pressure carbamate, cavitation erosion of the carbamate pump, and a decrease in decomposition of the carbamate in the rectification column, thereby impairing safety in production
摘要生產負荷提高后，精餾塔帶液嚴重，使低壓甲銨液中的尿素含量增加，引起低壓甲按冷凝器結晶、甲銨泵氣性、精餾塔甲按分解率下降等現象，嚴重影響安全生產。
分享友人