market rate of exchange 中文意思是什麼
market rate of exchange
解釋
市場匯率-
Market expectation of renminbi exchange rate movements
市場對人民幣匯率變動的預期 -
For drawing the capital factor into the supplying function and considering the microcosmic structure of the exchange market, a springy exchange rate system and a macrocosmic economic model under the limited capital float condition may be set up
摘要將資本因素引入供給函數，並考慮到外匯市場微觀結構，可以構建一個彈性匯率制和資本有限流動下的宏觀經濟模型。 -
This convergence will be reflected in some appreciation in what economists call the real effective exchange rate of the renminbi against other currencies. this will take the form of appreciation in the nominal exchange rate observed in the spot market, most notably the one against the us dollar, currently the main reserve currency of the world
價格融合將會使經濟學家所指人民幣兌其他貨幣的實質有效匯率上升，這調整可以透過名義匯率，尤其是兌美元現時全球的主要儲備貨幣的匯價在現貨市場上升。 -
The rational development of the development of real estate industry of new era are as follows : removal of obstacle of insurance capital ' s entry into real estate industry, increase of exchange rate elasticity and more foreign capital ' s entry into real estate market, improvement of inequilibrium between real estate ' s value increment and stock market, and the ensuring house supply through establishment of individual credit system
新時期房地產業步入理性發展的相關動力有：保險資金投資房地產業的政策障礙已掃除；匯率彈性增強，使外資更多地進入房地產市場；改變房地產增量與存量市場不平衡狀態；建立個人信用體系，加快保障性住房供應。 -
Model analysis shows that relaxation of the control of investment capital will increase the unfavorable balance of international payments and the correcting difficulty of the excess commodity supply in the market at home ; relaxation of speculative capital control will increase the correcting difficulty for outer unbalance ; under the springy exchange rate system, the action of fair mechanism of interest rate will make the economic shock of the international market interest rate increase with the decrease of the capital control system, thus the over regulation of exchange rate will easily happen
模型分析顯示：投資性資本管制放鬆會增大國際收支逆差和國內商品市場超額供給的矯正難度，投機性資本管制放鬆會增大外部失衡的矯正難度；彈性匯率制下，利率平價機製作用使國際市場利率變化的經濟沖擊隨資本管制度降低而增強，更易發生匯率超調。 -
Take the foreign exchange market as an example. the daily turnover is enormous and the livelihood of many market participants depends on keeping the rate of turnover, earning from the buy - sell spread, charging brokerage fees, or even making short - term bets in that market
以外匯市場為例，每日的成交量非常大，當中的市場參與者從買賣差價中賺取利潤收取經紀費，甚或在市場中作短炒，他們的生計在於能否維持暢旺的成交量。 -
With the trend of openness and integration of globlal economy, exchange rate is playing more and more important role in influencing the allocation of global resources. the sensitivity of the price of tradale goods to exchange rate fluctuation becomes the focus of international economics because it is a critical vector and transmitter when an economy is confronted of exogenous impact. traditional international economics theory assume that nominal exchange rate fluctuation has complete pass - through effect, namely it ’ s change will introduce proportional change of tradable goods, then it will influence such macroeconomic vector as term of trade, import and export, inflation, employment, productivity, income allocation, and so on. from a microeconomic angle, including pricing to market, innovative behavior, menu cost and sunk cost, the paper probe into the pricing model of international enterprices under floating exchange rate and testify the incomplete pass - through of exchange rate and it ’ s detailed reason, then discuss the inspiration it has on china. it ’ s believable this kind of research will play a big part in china ’ s exchange rate scheme and some macroeconomic problems such as exchange rate tranmitting channel and effects, exchange rate fluctuating behavior
傳統的國際經濟學理論認為，名義匯率的波動具有完全的傳遞性（ completepass - through ） ，即它的變化會引起同比例的進出口貿易品相對價格以及貿易品和非貿易品相對價格的變化，然後通過需求變動的支出轉移效應（ expenditureswitching ）來影響國內經濟的諸多宏觀變量，如貿易條件、進出口貿易額、通脹水平、就業量、勞動生產率以及收入分配等，本文從依市定價（ pricingtomarket ） 、創新行為、菜單成本以及沉澱成本等四個不同的微觀角度，通過對浮動匯率下國際壟斷競爭性生產廠商的定價模型具體而透徹的探討，論證了匯率的不完全傳遞性並深入分析了決定匯率傳遞彈性的重要影響因素，闡述了該理論對人民幣匯率的啟示，這樣的研究會對我國今後的匯率政策以及匯率的傳導機制、傳導效應、波動行為等宏觀經濟問題起到重要的作用。 -
At present, there is flexibility in the exchange rate of the renminbi, in that the exchange rate is determined by " market " supply and demand, although the central bank remains the ultimate banker in the market
或靈活性指匯率限定的波動范圍，央行在匯率超出此范圍時會進行干預。根據目前人民幣匯率浮動范圍的安排，匯率水平由市場供求決定，但央行仍負責處理市場交易的最終結算。 -
Such arbitrage opportunities, however, would not close the gap between the market exchange rate and the linked rate of 7. 80, since the hkma would stand ready to convert the aggregate balance at a rate stronger than 7. 80 until the convertibility rate converged to 7. 80
盡管如此，但由於在兌換匯率尚未統一前金管局都會以較7 . 80為強的匯率兌換總結餘，因此上述套戥活動不會令市場匯率和聯系匯率之間的差距消失。 -
In the foreign exchange market, the spot rate of the hong kong dollar against the us dollar remained close to the convertibility rate of 7. 80 throughout 2001
外匯市場方面，港元兌美元的現貨匯率全年均貼近兌換保證匯率7 . 80的水平。 -
So in order to speed up the marketization of exchange rate, our government should set the exchange market growth as a continual goal so that the marketization of exchange rate could run in a benign circle
所以，為了促進匯率的進一步市場化，我國政府應該將外匯市場的市場培育作為其一貫目標，以使得匯率的市場化走上一條良性循環的道路。 -
At the first level, the influence of the monetary policy on the price of currency which takes interest rate and exchange rate as its central variables is illustrated, emphases are placed on the influence channel and the impact during the system transmission period under the open - economy conditions ; at the second level, the author analyzed the mutual influence between interest rate and exchange rate and placed emphasis on the equilibrium of the above two central variables when the management differentials ( or control methods differentials ) exists in the market in the open economy ; at the third level, through the influence of the changes of interest rate and exchange rate and other information on the price of the general financial assets, the author tried to analyze the transferable system of price at different levels and the formation of equilibrium
第一層次是貨幣政策實施過程中對以利率和匯率為中心變量的貨幣價格的影響，重點分析經濟開放條件下處于制度轉換過程中的市場影響途徑及效應；第二層次是利率與匯率之間的相互影響，重點探討開放條件下市場存在管理差別（或控制手段差異）時的兩中心變量的均衡關系；第三層次是利率和匯率及其它信息變化對一般性金融資產價格的影響，試圖分析各層價格的傳導原理及均衡關系的形成。並對已有價格關系式和結論進行修正和推廣。 -
At the same time, made amen dements and promotions to the price equation and the conclusions. this article can be divided into four parts : the first part ( chapterl, 2 ) analyzed the transferable channel of interest and exchange rate, the principle of general price transferable system and the formation of equilibrium of transferable system of general price and the formation of equilibrium of them in the money market, capital market and foreign exchange market. the second part ( chapters, 4 ) probes transferable system of the security an bond price from theoretical and practical aspects
本文分為四個部分：第一部分（第一章，第二章）分析利率、匯率的傳導途徑，探討利率和匯率在貨幣市場、資本市場、外匯市場的一般價格傳導原理及均衡關系的形成，對mundellflemingmodel在資本流動沖擊下的模型進行了修正，並給出了開放條件下匯率和利率對證券價格（以債券為代表）產生影響的基本模型。 -
For the market exchange rate of the hong kong dollar has strengthened over the past two or three weeks to the extent that it has been necessary for the hkma to inject liquidity into the system in order to dampen excessive volatility
過去兩三個星期，港元的市場匯率大為轉強，以致金管局要對市場注入港元，以免市場過度波動。 -
In the forward market payment is made upon delivery, but the rate of exchange is agreen upon when the contract is made
遠期交易在交割時付款，但是匯率是在簽訂合同時商定的。 -
I hope they also agree that the system, as originally designed in 1983, would not have survived the continuing uncertainties over the years : the signing of the joint declaration and promulgation of the basic law, the stock market crash in 1987, the sensitive period leading to the resumption of sovereignty in 1997, the asian financial crisis immediately after, and the introduction of flexibility to the exchange rate of the renminbi
相信他們亦會同意，聯匯制度以其最初的設計應該無法安然渡過多年來的種種不明朗因素：聯合聲明的簽署基本法的頒布1987年股災九七回歸前的敏感過渡期回歸后隨即爆發的亞洲金融風暴，以及人民幣匯率引入更大靈活性。 -
Viewpoint : market expectation of renminbi exchange rate movements
觀點:市場對人民幣匯率變動的預期 -
If without the interference of the non - market factors, the exchange rate will follow the general principle of any commodity markets, say, it will be decided by the supply of and demand for the currency arising from the international economic activities
在沒有其他非市場因素影響的條件下，匯率應遵循商品市場的一般規律，即它是由經濟活動導致的對這種貨幣的供給和需求決定的。 -
The classic exchange rate determination theory includes the theory of purchasing power parity and the theory of interest - rate parity. as the main part of modern exchange rate determination theory, the capital market method of exchange rate determination theory includes the currency model which includes elastic price model and viscous price model, the currency substitution model and the portfolio model. the contemporary exchange rate determination theory includes the speculation foam theory, the news model and the chaotic model
經典匯率決定理論主要是指購買力平價理論和利率平價理論；現代匯率決定理論主要是指匯率決定理論的資產市場方法，包括：貨幣模型、貨幣替代模型和資產組合模型，其中貨幣模型可以分為彈性價格模型和粘性價格模型；當代匯率決定理論主要包括：投機泡沫理論、新聞模型和混沌分析方法。 -
If the invest ors use land to build the items of industry, commerce, market, travel, export products, according to the amount of the investment ( the investment of per mu should not be below 1, 000, 000 rmb averagely, foreign exchange converts to rmb according to the exchange rate of the time, same to the below ), the commission for land first turn in then return to the investors in the foundation of proportion, thereof the investment below 5, 000, 000 yuan, we return 50 % ; above 5, 000, 000 yuan, return 85 % ; above 10, 000, 000 yuan, return 100 %
投資興辦工業、商業、市場、旅遊、產品出口項目使用存量建設用地的，根據投資額度（平均每畝固定資產投資應不低於100萬元人民幣，外匯投入按當時匯率折算，下同） ，土地出讓金市、縣部分按比例先繳后返，其中投資在500萬元以下返還75 % ；超過500萬元的返還85 % ；超過1000萬元的全部返還。
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