mode substitutive 中文意思是什麼
mode substitutive
解釋
運具替代- mode : n 1 法，樣，方法，方式。2 模，型；樣式，體裁，款式；習慣。3 風尚；〈the mode〉流行，時髦。4 【語...
- substitutive : adj. 代替的，代用的；取代的；補充的。
-
For the especial political regime in our nation avianizes the rural fiscal system of inward function, which induce phenomena as follows, during producing or providing public products as the deputy of rural residents ( mostly, peasantry ), whose are the village and town governments and their superior governments ( from the clientage aspect ). not only the substitutive costs from the village and town governments represent their revenue and expenditure, and that from superior governments transfer to it by the stimulant mode of them and their superior governments, but also the governments show the substitutive costs from their superior governments transferring as the form of the rural expenditure, which will increase their revenue and expenditure. it is village and town indebtedness of inherent mechanism
由於我國特殊的政治體制弱化了農村財政體制應有的功能，致使作為鄉鎮居民（主要為農民）代理人的鄉鎮政府及上級政府（從委託? ?代理關系的角度看）在生產或提供農村公共品時會產生以下現象：不僅鄉鎮政府產生的代理成本表現為鄉鎮支出，上級政府產生的代理成本會通過上級政府與鄉鎮政府激勵相容的方式而層層轉嫁給鄉鎮政府，而且鄉鎮政府有著將上級政府所轉嫁的代理成本進一步以鄉鎮支出的形式表現出來的激勵，從而加大了鄉鎮支出，這是鄉鎮負債產生的內在機理。 -
Secondly, the diversion is applied in the procedure stages, even covers the whole criminal procedure, ie form the substitutive measure for the early execution mode to the diversion of the complicated trial procedure and the simple one, then to the multitudinous application in pre - trial stage
由此，立法思想上對分流的拒斥，並沒有落實為實踐中的全面追訴，反而卻導致了刑事法執行中令人擔憂的隨意和失范，民眾對司法權威和司法公正的信任感日漸淪喪，刑事法的整體控制能力令人憂慮。
分享友人