monopoly enterprise 中文意思是什麼

monopoly enterprise 解釋
壟斷/獨占企業
  • monopoly : n 1 壟斷[獨占]（權） 專利（權） （of 〈美國〉 on）。2 壟斷[專利]公司；獨占[專利]事業。3 專利品。 ...
  • enterprise : n. 1. （艱巨或帶有冒險性的）事業，計劃。2. 企[事]業單位。3. 企業心，事業心，進取心；冒險心；膽識。4. 興辦（企業）；開創（事業）。n. -priser ＝entrepreneur.
  1. Article 27 any enterprise engaged in the production of cigarette paper, filter rods, cigarette tow or cigarette manufacturing equipment may sell its products only to tobacco companies or enterprises producing tobacco products with the license for tobacco monopoly production enterprises

    第二十七條生產卷煙紙、濾嘴棒、煙用絲束、煙草專用機械的企業，只可將產品銷售給煙草公司和持有煙草專賣生產企業許可證的煙草製品生產企業。
  2. Annexation of enterprises under the market economy will not work without good legal environment, the forming of which also rests on the legislative completion and perfection of laws concerning annexation of enterprises, companies, management of fixed assets, authorization of state - owned enterprise property rights, banking, anti - monopoly and illegitimate competition, and social insurance

    市場化兼并離不開良好的法律環境，這種法律環境的建立直接有賴于企業兼并法、公司法、證券法、國有資產管理法、國有企業產權委?管理法、銀行法、反壟斷與不正當競爭法、社會保障法立法的完善。
  3. Article 29 any enterprise engaged in the import and export of tobacco monopoly commodities, the consignment for sale of foreign tobacco products or the purchase and sale of duty - free foreign tobacco products within a customs surveillance zone shall be subject to the approval of the department of tobacco monopoly administration under the state council or the department of tobacco monopoly administration at the provincial level and must obtain a special license for the tobacco monopoly operation enterprise

    第二十九條經營煙草專賣品進出口業務、經營外國煙草製品寄售業務或者在海關監督區域內經營免稅的外國煙草製品購銷業務的企業，必須經國務院煙草專賣行政主管部門或者省級煙草專賣行政主管部門批準，取得特種煙草專賣經營企業許可證。
  4. The conclusions are : under the case of monopoly, the enterprise has the ability to delay the investment, thus it can take the advantages of option value brought by uncertainty to select the optimal timing of investment in each phrase flexibly ; under the case of competition, enterprise will select the optimal investment timing by comparing the tradeoff between the benefits of option value and the strategic lost of competitor ' s preemption, because preemption of competitor will reduce the ability of enterprise to delay investment comparing with the case of monopoly, the enterprise usually invests early, hi the meantime, by comparing the outcomes of investment cooperation in the r & d phrase with that of competition, we can conclude that r & d investment cooperation is pareto dominant strategy, since enterprise can fully take advantage of the option value brought by uncertainty, and thus enhance the flexibility of decision - making

    得到的結論是：在壟斷情形下，企業具有延遲投資的能力，因而企業可以充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，在創新投資的各階段根據不確定性信息的獲得靈活地選擇最優的投資時機；在競爭情形下，企業延遲投資的能力受到局限，由於害怕競爭對手的佔先，企業為了獲得佔先效應，會考慮競爭對手的行為對自己的影響，通過在不確定性所帶來的期權價值與競爭對手的行為所帶來的戰略價值之間進行權衡，來選武漢理工大學博士學位論文擇最優的投資時機。與壟斷情形相比，一般企業會提早投資。同時通過分析說明，競爭企業間通過在創新投資的研究與開發階段進行合作，可以使兩家企業充分利用不確定性帶來的期權價值，增強決策的柔性，結論說明，合作創新投資是兩家企業的帕累托占優策略。
  5. So we should use the experience of developed countries, set up our own proper enterprise merger monitoring system, benefit our country ' s enterprises from the extraterritorial effect of anti - monopoly law, and actively intensify the cooperation and competition among countries

    對此，我國反壟斷法應借鑒發達國家經驗，建立起寬嚴適度的企業並購控制制度，利用反壟斷法的域外適用保護我國企業的利益，加強國際間的競爭與合作。
  6. On one side, tncs " m & a practices constitute a external force pushing china ' s further soes " reform, such as diversification of corporate ownership, enhancement of corporate governance structure, effective incentives mechanisms for corporate managers, upgrade of domestic enterprise ' s international competitiveness, introduce of competition mechanisms in monopoly industries, and so on. on the other side, tncs " m & a practices may bring some potential risks, such as soes " losing dominant position in strategic industries, costs of m & a failures, less employment opportunities, risks of embezzlement of stated owned assets, and tncs " abuse of market power

    五、跨國公司對中國企業的並購猶如一把雙刃劍，一方面它將有利於國有產權的多元化、公司治理結構的完善、控制權市場的形成、經營者的有效激勵約束、企業國際競爭力的提升、以及壟斷行業競爭機制的引入；另一方面，它也會產生各種風險，如國有經濟戰略性地位喪失的風險、整合失敗的風險、就業減少的風險、國內資產流失的風險、以及跨國公司非競爭性行為發生的風險等。
  7. Market predominance, monopoly, and market control strength. the constitute of market predominance is divided into three parts : the definition of relevant market including product market, geographic market, and time market ; the criteria of market predominance ; and the market predominance resulting from the relying between the enterprise and another two enterprises or above

    市場優勢地位的構成分為三個方面：相關市場的界定，包括相關產品市場、相關地理市場和相關時間市場；市場優勢地位的標準；以及因兩家或者兩家以上企業與一家企業之間因依賴性而形成的市場優勢地位。
  8. Article 23 manager of public facility enterprise or the other enterprises with a legal monopoly position force others to purchase the commodities which the manager manages, or put the other managers out of competition, the supervisor in the provincial or city with directions administration shall order to stop illegal activities, and may fine amount from more than 50, 000 to less than 200, 000 rmb yuan in accordance with the facts

    第二十三條公用企業或者其他依法具有獨佔地位的經營者，限定他人購買其指定的經營者的商品，以排擠其他經營者的公平競爭的，省級或者設區的市的監督檢查部門應當責令停止違法行為，可以根據情節處以五萬元以上二十萬元以下的罰款。
  9. Immediately after, this article analyzed gains or losses of standardize, analyzed the two greatest irregularities because of standardize : standardize monopoly and international trade technical barrier. standardize monopoly comes from the abuse of patent right, because of the close relation between standardize and patent right. through the article listed a lot of examples, introduced the proceeding how enterprise abuse patent right to restrict competition

    接著，分析了標準化的利弊，重點分析了標準化所產生的兩大弊端:標準化壟斷和國際貿易技術壁壘。由於標準化和專利權有著密切聯系，標準化壟斷基本上是由於專利權的濫用所產生的，詳細介紹了企業在標準化戰略中，如何濫用專利權限制競爭。
  10. Article 16 any enterprise or individual that is to engage in the retail trade of tobacco products shall be subject to the examination and approval of, before the issuance of a license for tobacco monopoly retail trade by, the administrative department for industry and commerce under the people ' s government at the county level on the commission of the department of tobacco monopoly administration at the next higher level

    第十六條經營煙草製品零售業務的企業或者個人，由縣級人民政府工商行政管理部門根據上一級煙草專賣行政主管部門的委託，審查批準發給煙草專賣零售許可證。
  11. The reason the constitution limits the recipient of the monopoly power to authors resides in the single, unifying theme of the entire constitutional enterprise : the decentralization of power

    憲法限製作者對其作品的獨占權的原因在於貫穿于整個憲法的單一而統一的主題:分權。
  12. In our country, there is much flaw in pricing making in natural monopoly profession. many enterprise waste resource through invest which is blindness and repetitive construction

    我國自然壟斷行業的定價本身存在缺陷，多企業盲目投資，形成重復建設，造成社會資源浪費。
  13. Article 26 any enterprise engaged in the production of cigarette paper, filter rods, cigarette tow or cigarette manufacturing equipment shall organize production in accordance with the plans assigned by the department of tobacco monopoly administration under the state council and the order contracts concluded with the enterprises producing tobacco products

    第二十六條生產卷煙紙、濾嘴棒、煙用絲束、煙草專用機械的企業，應當按照國務院煙草專賣行政主管部門的計劃以及與煙草製品生產企業簽訂的訂貨合同組織生產。
  14. The company introduces someone the electronic technology limited liability company is the specialized production babies and infants thing enterprise, has the formidable independent research and development ability and the productivity, guides the colleague industry product the development direction, many item of products have the honor to receive the national monopoly

    某某電子技術有限責任公司是專業生產嬰幼兒用品的企業，具有強大的自主研發能力和生產能力，引導同行業產品的發展方向，多項產品榮獲國家專利。
  15. State tobacco monopoly bureau entire industry to " comprehensively promote city - focused tobacco sales network construction, and further improve our overall work to build a network level, to accelerate the achievement of a tobacco business enterprises to a modern circulation changes " logistics building guidelines, the national tobacco system in accelerating the " modern movement ", and actively introduce new ideas, new technologies, new methods for tobacco commercial enterprises business processes reorganization, the integration of resources and processes recycling and achieve telephone orders, online peihuo, electronic clearing and modern logistics and distribution, and improve enterprise

    幾年來吉林煙草在不斷學習現代物流方面的新技術、考察新工藝，結合吉林煙草商業配送物流特點，對吉林煙草的物流配送進行了深入探討和研究。本文通過研究吉林煙草在物流配送建設中，存在缺乏總體戰略、缺少原動力、對新技術新工藝應用不夠積極和整體技術含量低等現象，分析吉林煙草所處環境，揭示物流配送中心建設中面臨的問題，對其物流配送系統的網路構建、系統設計、設備設計、安全管控設計和信息系統設計。
  16. Article 33 where an enterprise that does not hold a license for the tobacco monopoly wholesale enterprise engages in the wholesale trade of tobacco products, the department of tobacco monopoly administration shall order it to close down or to stop the wholesale trade of tobacco products, confiscate the illegal income derived therefrom and concurrently impose a fine

    第三十三條無煙草專賣批發生產許可證經營煙草製品批發業務的，由煙草專賣行政主管部門責令關閉或者停止經營煙草製品批發業務，沒收違法所得，並處罰款。
  17. Article 15 any enterprise which is to engage in the wholesale trade of tobacco products shall be subject to the approval of the department of tobacco monopoly administration under the state council or the department of tobacco monopoly administration at the provincial level, and the acquisition of a license for the tobacco monopoly wholesale enterprise, and then to the approval and registration by the administrative department for industry and commerce

    第十五條經營煙草製品批發業務的企業，必須經國務院煙草專賣行政主管部門或者省級煙草專行政主管部門批準，取得煙草專賣批發企業許可證，並經工商行政管理部門核準登記。
  18. The legislative bases are as follows : the first, enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule should accord with the reality of one ’ s own country ; the second, the legislation of enterprise - combining rule gives closer contact to social economic developing level at that time and changes of times than traditional laws such as civil law, criminal law and constitution ; the third, enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule and law should be means of economic analysis. in the third part, the author puts forward the theory of competition tort, which is regarded as the essence of enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule, namely, enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule is needed precisely because of avoiding the happening of competition tort. in the fourth part, combining with chinese reality and directed by legislative bases and essence theory of enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule, the author analyzes the maintenance standard of enterprise - combining and counter - monopoly rule

    本文第一部分對企業合併反壟斷規制的基礎理論的若干概念進行明晰並闡述筆者對這些概念的理解;第二部分對西方發達國家立法和實踐進行比較，得出企業合併反壟斷法的立法依據，即: 1 、企業合併反壟斷規制必須要符合本國的實際情況， 2 、企業合併的規制立法較之傳統的法律（如民法、刑法，憲法等）與當時社會經濟發展水平和時代的變遷有著更為緊密的聯系， 3 、企業合併反壟斷規制和立法應當注重經濟分析的方法;第三部分提出了競爭侵權這一理論，並認為競爭侵權是企業合併反壟斷規制的實質:即正是為了防止競爭侵權的發生，才需要企業合併的反壟斷規制;第四部分是在企業合併反壟斷規制立法依據和實質理論的指導下，並結合我國的實際情況對企業合併反壟斷規制的認定標準進行分析。
  19. There is a positive correlativity among industrial concentration and enterprise market performance, which accord with conclusion of foreign industrial organization theory. the positive correlativity does n ' t represent threat of monopoly but represent the deficiency of scale of economy in china manufacture industry

    從我國製造業的實際情況來看，規模報酬遞增是一個客觀規律，大企業經營效率普遍優于中小企業，產業集中度與績效存在顯著的正相關關系，這與國外產業組織實證研究的結論是相同的。
  20. In addition, under the background of china accession to the wto, domestic market opening to the outside world, the gradually integrated international economy, some monopoly enterprise ugly need go out as soon as possible and accumulate internationalized experience, in the hope of expanding international influence, promoting the international competitiveness. the overseas security market has offered the broad stage for these companies

    另外，伴隨著中國加入wto ，在國內市場逐漸對外開放，世界經濟漸趨一體化的大背景下，一些壟斷型企業強烈地需要盡快走出國門，積累國際化發展的經驗，以期擴大國際影響，提升國際競爭力，境外證券市場為這一要求提供了廣闊的舞臺。
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