negative cost 中文意思是什麼
negative cost
解釋
一部影片的拍攝成本,即進行到第一個底片所產生的成本,不包括拷貝復制,宣傳和發行費用-
At the same time, the kangda corporation firstly faced the negative saleroom, the salesman sending in one ' s papers and the cost of marketing increasing and increasing. the key problem is that the existing no - difference marketing strategy can not adapt the change of market and the demand of culturist. so, kangda corporation need institute differential marketing strategy to guidance the future marketing work to decrease the marketing cost, enhance customer satisfaction, and advance the competition of company so that the company can gain the excess profit
同時康大公司也遇到公司歷史上首次銷量負增長、營銷人員高流失、營銷成本大增等問題，原因在於現行的無差異化營銷策略不能適應市場變化和養殖戶的需求，故需要制定差異化營銷策略來指導未來營銷工作，以減少公司營銷成本，增加養殖戶和經銷商滿意度，提升公司競爭力，使公司獲得高於行業平均的利潤。 -
Such social cost elusion or transfer has resulted in a series of negative consequences, including a paradox of policy choice
社會成本規避與轉嫁帶來了一系列的不良後果，從而形成了政策選擇上的悖論。 -
The estimation result calculates the elasticities of the average cost to the output, prices of labor, fertilizer, fuel, seeds, and animal power was respectively at - 0. 26, 0. 43, 0. 23, 0. 21, 0. 074 and 0. 056 on a 5 - year - average base while the impacts of technological changes is negative in most provinces and years
單位成本對勞動、化肥、農機用油、種子和畜力各要素價格的彈性則為0 . 43 、 0 . 24 、 0 . 21 、 0 . 074和0 . 056左右。技術進步效應的估計結果表明多數省區在這一時期內的技術效應不顯著，從而構成了玉米成本的一個增長因素。 -
In accordance with such negative situation as higher cost, lower benefit, worse fund revolving, and deficit, the paper suggests a new concept to improve financial management and economy benefit, and to adapt the market economy
針對國有企業普遍面臨成本過高、長期虧損、資金周轉不靈、經濟效益低下等不利局面，文章就如何加強企業財務管理，在適應市場經濟發展的客觀條件下，充分發揮財務管理的功能和作用提出了新的思路，以改善企業財務狀況，提高企業經濟效益。 -
The impacts of other price - distorting institutions and policies, including tax, domestic support, logistics expenses, exchange rate were also discussed on a comparison base between china and usa : china ' s tax and local non - tax charges imposed on corn production total a distortion of 15 % of the " practical cost " since 1998, while us ' s tax, insurance expenditure and land total a distortion of 25 % of her " practical cost " ; us ' s domestic support has substantially lowered her domestic price while the protective - price policy taken by china since 1993 helped boost her domestic price, which made a negative impacts on chinese corn ' s price competitiveness
在長期內，考慮到主要要素價格的上漲趨勢，我國玉米現實成本和美國現實成本的膠著狀態不會維持多久，前景堪憂；中美兩國主產區玉米成本的對比表明目前我國主產區玉米的可比成本比之於美國的主產區heanland尚有一定優勢，現實成本也是具有優勢的。降低我國成本外支出和稅收的水平可以在一定程度上緩解現實成本的競爭壓力；美國的國內支持措施體系使得其國內玉米價格經常處于生產成本之下。 -
Since the project profits, the underlying assets, could become negative, a strategy of dividing the profits into the price and the cost is adopted to reduce the three uncertain factors to two. and then the stochastic partial differential equation is derived to satisfy the real options price that is induced by two underlying assets
針對項目收益即標的資產不滿足恆正的問題，提出價格與成本分離的對策，把三種不確定因素簡化成兩種不確定因素，進而推導出源於兩種標的資產的實物期權價格所滿足的隨機偏微分方程。 -
In accordance with relevant theory of regulation economics, the dissertation points out government regulation, while offering public goods, leads to negative effect due to regulation rent and regulation capture etc. combining with the analysis of regulation cost and benefit, the dissertation proves government must consider regulation cost while implementing essential regulation, and pay attention to the efficiency of regulation
結合監管的成本和效益分析，說明政府實施必要的監管的同時必須考慮監管的成本，注重監管的效率。其次，從公開、公平、公正的法學角度，闡述了期貨公司監管的法學基礎。 -
His negative attitude finally cost him his job
他消極的態度最終使他丟了工作。 -
The findings show that ( 1 ) most acceleration mechanisms would facilitate npd speed effectively except the external sourcing of knowledge ; ( 2 ) internal corporate - level acceleration mechanism has a positive direct and indirect influences on project success, while two acceleration mechanisms of internal project - level and external sourcing of knowledge only have indirect effects ; ( 3 ) the result identifies a significant positive relationship between npd speed and quality as well as a significant negative relationship between npd speed and cost
主要研究發現為： （ 1 ）除了外部技術來源加速機制一項外，其他加速機制都能有效加速新產品開發速度； （ 2 ）內部公司層級加速機制對專案成功有正向的直接效果與間接效果，而內部計畫層級加速機制與外部技術來源加速機制兩項則僅有間接效果； （ 3 ）新產品開發速度愈快，愈能降低開發成本以及提升開發品質。 -
On the negative agent cost of the investment of social security fund
試論社保基金投資的負代理成本 -
And those countries have set up an appropriate mechanism separately to deal with the withdrawing behavior to minimize its cost and the negative effect on other institutions
這些國家有較為妥善的退出機制使其退出成本較小，且對金融秩序的影響較小。 -
Consequently time and cost can be saved greatly. ( 3 ) design method for controlling cracks in the negative moment zone of the continuous composite girder the crack mechanism of the concrete deck in the negative moment zone of the coniinuous composite girder, the relationship between the crack and the int
分析認為，採用中間支點升降法與調整混凝土板施工順序相結合的施工方法，不僅可以避免負彎矩區混凝土裂紋，還可以合理調整鋼梁和混凝土板的內力，並使端支點與中間支點反力更均勻，使組合梁橋的結構更加經濟合理。 -
Secondly, the content, evaluating guideline system of the food security cost were discussed, and the quantitative analysis of the food security cost at the view point of center finance expend from reform and opening of china was given. threely, the influnce factors of chinese food security under wto were analyzed thoroughly, and the new stratagem of food security - - big food and little grain ration was proposed, and the food security and its types were discussed. the article thought that ensureing the food security hi the reason cost is the process both food security control was improved and microcosmic foundation was intensified increasingly, that the moderation scale of chinese food security repertory, that the rules, which includes negative correlation alteration of agriculture proportion and modern, etc. must be followed, and that the project of water from south to north must give attention to two or more things water need of food produce ability and output
認為中國糧食安全與成本優化的過程是一個不斷改進糧食安全調控工作的過程，也是使微觀基礎得以強化的過程；按照社會可承受2的糧食可供波動與控制糧食儲備成本的標準計算，中國糧食安全儲備的適度規模為48872千噸；應根據「農業比重與農業現代化的負相關變動」 、 「比較優勢與農業保護的平衡運用」 、 「大糧食消費與增值的備擇性」 、 「產業結構調整與糧食產能保護的兼容性」等要求建立與實施旨在謀求糧食安全與產業結構調整協調的評價指標體系；北方地區對中國糧食生產與增產具有很強的正相關性，然而它正遭受著越來越嚴重的水缺乏的影響；南水北調工程必須兼顧糧食產能的用水需要，以有效緩解糧食需求的相對穩定與糧食產量波動相對較大之間的矛盾，從而達到減少儲備、節約成本的目的。 -
In the plan economics period, policymaker were usually fond of raising money greedily and detailed without considering cost and benefit and made investing and circulating funds repeated and lower benefit even negative benefit, which leaded to the current result of income falling short of expenditure and accumulated debts and an inferior using effect of society funds
在計劃經濟年代，企業決策者往往不講效益地籌措資金進行低效益甚至負效益的投融資，結果是企業入不敷出，債務累累，社會資金利用效果極差。 -
But at the same time, too much foreign exchange reserves can also bring negative influence to a county ’ s economy, which include the high opportunity cost and the restriction to monetary policy. so, moderate scale of foreign exchange reserves is so important to economic development
在縱觀西方各主要外匯儲備需求理論的基礎之上，我們認定國際收支變動、進口水平、機會成本、進口傾向、經濟規模、貨幣供應量、外債規模和央行干預需求八個變量是影響外匯儲備需求的主要經濟要素。 -
On the negative effect of china ' s higher education cost compensation localization
論我國高等教育成本補償屬地化的負面效應 -
If continue to develop, the limit cost that the enterprise pays to win place of accrual of a limit will be more than limit accrual, bring negative profit
假如繼續發展下去，企業為獲得一個邊際收益所付出的邊際成本就將大於邊際收益，帶來負利潤。 -
For the government bot has seven advantages : to utilize the capital, to transfer the risk, to diminish the responsibility, to control cost, to satisfy the need, to study the advanced technology and experience of management, to exploit the local capital market and to attract the foreign capital. but at the same time bot also has the latent negative effects : to lose higher returns of investment, to lose a large number of foreign exchanges and also the government will lose its ownership and the control of operating authority for the project in the concession period
對于政府來說， bot方式具有利用資金、風險轉移、減輕責任、成本控制、滿足需求、學習先進技術和管理經驗、開發當地資本市場和吸引外資等七條優點；但同時bot投資方式也存在較高的融資費用、大量外匯流失、在特許權期限內政府將失去對項目所有權及經營權控制等潛在的負面效應。 -
Zinc acts as negative material of zinc manganese dioxide batteries, with the advantages of low cost, little poison and easy treatment. in another way, as the material of batteries, zinc electrode has many problems, such as dendrite growth, shape - changing, passivation, corrosion and so on. at present, the main way to solve these problems is to add mercury and its oxide to zinc electrode
鋅錳電池採用鋅粉作為電池的負極材料，鋅資源豐富、價格低廉、毒性小、易處理，但是鋅作為電極材料使用存在枝晶、形變、鈍化和腐蝕等問題，目前，解決這些問題的主要方法是加入汞及其氧化物。 -
If a task or project has a negative cost variance ( cv ), you might have to increase your budget or accept reduced profit margins
如果任務或項目中出現了負成本差異（ cv ） ，也許您必須增加預算或接受減少的邊際利潤。
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