negative zone 中文意思是什麼

The meso - cenozoic evolution of bachu fault - uplift is closely related to its south and north subsiding foredeep. under the background of indian plate subducting under asia - europe plate, bachu forebulge was greatly affected by the development of southwest depression and awati depression. almost all of its structure reversed, and as a result of it, both of its south and north boundary migrated. according to its evolution history and its feature, the authors tentatively use both - side migration model to interpret the evolution of compound forebulge. since triassic, almost all the spheres above lithosphere synchronously became flexure. because transpressional stress field became increasingly strong, bachu forebulge continued uplifting and big faults formed. then, bachu uplift, as a whole, slipped upward along those big faults and showed migrating toward thrust zone in plane. in tectonic tranquility, the lithosphere bounded back and in consequence of it, bachu uplift slipped down and showed migration toward craton, at that moment negative inversion structures developed. while the forebulge migrated toward its south and north foredeep, it was very possible that locally extensional stress appeared in the forebulge

在印度板塊向歐亞板塊俯沖的大背景下，巴楚前緣斷隆受西南坳陷和阿瓦提凹陷的影響，新生代時構造體制發生反轉，邊界向南北遷移。根據其發育過程特徵，作者用復合前緣隆起兩端遷移模式對復合前緣隆起獨特的構造發育史進行了解釋：即三疊紀以來巖石圈各圈層同步撓曲變形。隨著擠壓應力場的增大，巴楚隆起在撓曲基礎上不斷抬升，形成幾條大型斷裂帶。

Data used in this work are north pacific ssta, 160 stations precipitation of china, and ncep reanalysis data. main results are as follow : ( 1 ) it is found that a apparent transition of north pacific ssta in later 1970 ' s : eastern and middle - equatorial pacific ssta turns from cold to warm with area extending, and mid - latitude pacific ( west wind drift zone ) turns from warm to cold. during this transition of ssta, different characters also appear in el nino and la nina : before 1976, la nina happens more frequently, and its duration is longer, el nino zone develops from negative ssta in the early stage ; after 1976, el nino happens a little bit frequent and longer with more intensity than before, el nino zone develops from positive ssta in the early stage ; the course of ssta variation has an enso cycle of 2 - 6 years, annual oscillation of 8 - 9 years, and decadal variation of about 22 years

本文採用1950 - 1999年北太平洋海表溫度（ sst ） 、中國160站夏季降水和ncep再分析的歐亞500hpa高度場等資料，利用eof 、 svd 、小波分析、合成分析和相關分析等方法，在分析北太平洋海溫時空分佈特徵的基礎上，著重探討了海溫異常及其年代際變化對我國東部降水的影響，並對降水、高度場和海溫三者之間的關系進行了分析，以試圖尋找三者異常之間可能的聯系，主要結論如下： （ 1 ） 1976年前後，北太平洋海溫經歷了一次明顯的轉變，赤道中、東太平洋厄爾尼諾海區由冷轉暖，暖水范圍增大，中緯度西風漂流區海溫由暖轉冷；在這樣的年代際背景下，厄爾尼諾、拉尼娜事件在不同的時期也有不同的特徵：在76年前，拉尼娜事件發生頻率高，持續時間長，事件起始於負海溫距平；而76年後，則是厄爾尼諾事件發生頻率略高，持續時間長，強度增大，事件起始於正海溫距平。

In this paper, it is proposed as a new mechanism that when a solidifying billet is in the stirring zone during continuous casting of steel, a thin steel shell is formed in front of the freezing interface, which results in a white band with a negative segregation followed by a positive one

作者提出了一個新的機制來解釋白亮帶的形成原因，即正在凝固的連鑄鋼坯位於攪拌區時，在凝固前沿形成一個薄殼，由此導致先發生負偏析，緊隨其後又發生正偏析的白亮帶。

For the cantilever beam, the theoretical stiffness and limited capacity are slightly less than the test ones if considering only the steel beam and the reinforced bars in the negative moment zone with the concrete in the tension zone ignored

結果表明：簡支組合扁梁，忽略彈性中和軸以下受拉的混凝土的影響，採用等效換算截面方法計算所得的剛度和極限承載力與試驗結果比較吻合；懸臂梁只考慮混凝土板中配置的負彎矩鋼筋，忽略混凝土，計算所得的剛度和極限承載力比試驗結果略微偏小，但相差不大。

At the same time, plastic hinge, rigid zone, negative stiffness, load relaxing and so on are taken into account

該方法一併考慮了塑性鉸、節點剛域、負剛度及單元卸荷等問題。

According to the effective field expression which has been derived in former, the phenomenon that the tangential component of magnetic leakage field has maximum value and the normal component of magnetic leakage field acquires zero value at the stress concentration zone of positive magnetostriction ferromagnetism materials under the application of tensile stress and negative magnetostriction ferromagnetism materials under the application of compressive stress is explained theoretically through analyzing and discussing

根據所得到的地磁場中受力鐵磁性材料有效場表達式，通過分析討論，解釋了受拉力作用的正磁致伸縮鐵磁材料和受壓力作用的負磁致伸縮材料在應力集中處漏磁場切向分量出現最大值、同時法向分量為零值的現象。

Consequently time and cost can be saved greatly. ( 3 ) design method for controlling cracks in the negative moment zone of the continuous composite girder the crack mechanism of the concrete deck in the negative moment zone of the coniinuous composite girder, the relationship between the crack and the int

分析認為，採用中間支點升降法與調整混凝土板施工順序相結合的施工方法，不僅可以避免負彎矩區混凝土裂紋，還可以合理調整鋼梁和混凝土板的內力，並使端支點與中間支點反力更均勻，使組合梁橋的結構更加經濟合理。

In growth season, computed daily npp has some negative correlation with precipitation and the monthly npp has apparently active correlation with monthly average air temperature. 5. the results of experiment in vegetation growing model show that co2 increasing and its resulting in climate change would make npp of deciduos needleleaf forest in the cold - temperate zone apparently higher

5 ）對co _ 2濃度增加后以及可能產生的氣候變化對植被生長影響的模擬試驗結果表明，落葉針葉林的npp將可能會有明顯提高，但如果只是溫度增加，而降水保持不變的話，生產力水平提高不明顯甚至會出現下降。

But for some people, there ' s something about the negative zone that tempts them,

但對有些人來說，會有些負次元世界的事物引誘他們，

Long distance negative winning only eight kilometres from the shizhushan with production zone close

距久負勝名的石竹山只有八公里，與融僑開發區近在咫尺。

Usually we linearize them approximately in industrial process, but in some cases this ca n ' t satisfy the request of automatic control which makes us consider the nonlinear factors in the industrial process. in practical process of power plants the typical structure nonlinear case is dead - zone and the latter case is the nonlinear variance of objects ' parametres with the changes of working condition. the nonlinear research is parallel with the linearity and adaptive method can be used to deal with nonlinear cases. in this paper two adaptive control methods are used to solve the problems brought by the dead - zone of boiler negative pressure system and the nonlinear changes of the milling system ' s character parameters, which achieved good results

在生產中通常對非線性作近似線性化處理；但在某些情況下線性近似達不到自動控制的要求，必須對生產過程中的非線性情況進行考慮。在火電廠的實際生產中，典型的結構非線性之一是死區；參數非線性多發生在控制對象特性隨工況變化而變化，表徵其特徵參數變化呈非線性。非線性控制的研究與線性控制的研究是并行的，針對非線性情況，可以採用自適應的控制方法。

( 2 ) because of t he variability of rock subjected to outside action, three new conceptions : postive damage basic damage and negative damage, are suggested, which can deal with the condition that rock density became large. ( 3 ) the present damage variables based on ct number mostly include ct average number of the rock without damage, which is difficult to measure, so a new damage variable, which includes the average ct number is proposed, on the other hand, strain equal theory is generalized because the one put foreword by lemaitre is not good enough to use. ( 4 ) a axial damage constitutive equation is proposed and testified. ( 5 ) with the circle times, the damage propagation laws of two different rocks, subjected to circle of freezing and thawing, are studied, and in the analysis process, traditional analysis method including average ct number and is used, some important conclusions are reached : inner damage of soft rock containing a large mount of apertures is largely propagating with the time increasement of circle, however, at the preliminary time, the hard rock containing a small mount of aperture is a little propagating, at late time, the influence become large ; ( 6 ) zone separation and statistics frequency put forward is used to analysized the three different damage propagation in the open circumstance, when they are subjected to the different circle times of freezing and thawing, in which the temperature variability is linear, different freezing rate, and different freezing temperature, and no water is supplied during the test

在研究過程中本文主要做了以下工作： （ 1 ）針對巖石損傷變化較小時，運用ct均值和方差分析不方便的缺陷，本文提出運用對ct數范圍劃分區段的方法，根據各區段統計頻率的變化規律來分析損傷擴展狀況； （ 2 ）針對巖石受到外部作用的多變性，本文提出了基準損傷，正損傷，負損傷的概念，在某種程度上考慮了巖石受到外部作用時的壓密情況； （ 3 ）現有的基於ct數的損傷變量大多需要用到巖石基體的ct均值，這實際上是很難觀測到的，因此本文建議了一個可運用巖石初始狀態ct均值的損傷變量，由於現有的勒邁特教授應變等價原理使用上的不便，本文在其基礎上進行了推廣； （ 4 ）建議了一個可用巖石初始狀態ct數和彈性模量的單軸損傷本構方程，並用算例進行了驗證； （ 5 ）對兩種不同巖石在開放環境下受到凍融循環作用且融化過程中補水時，內部損傷隨凍融循環次數增加的擴展規律進行了探討，主要運用了常規的ct均值和ct方差的分析方法進行分析，試驗發現：對于孔隙率和含水率較高，密度和強度較低的軟弱巖石，凍融循環次數對損傷結構的擴展有明顯的影響，而對于孔隙率和含水率較低，密度和強度較高的硬巖，凍融循環次數對其損傷結構擴展初期由於含水率低的原因，影響不是太大，而後期由於水補給后，含水率較高的原因，凍融影響逐漸增大； （ 6 ）運用了本文提出的區段劃分和統計頻率的方法，深入地分析了開放環境下的線性溫度變化的凍融循環次數，凍結溫度，凍結速度不同巖石作用時，其內部損傷隨凍融循環次數，凍結速度和凍結溫度變化的擴展規律，需要指出的是除了在試驗前飽水外，凍融過程中沒有補水。

The emphases of the research works of this thesis are laid on the mechanical performance of the shear connector of the continuous composite bridge, the crack status and design method for crack control of the concrete deck in the negative moment zone of the continuous composite bridge, the influence of the connecting rigidity and the construction method over the structural mechanical characteristics of the continuous composite bridge, and the force transmission mechanism and the stress distribution of the rigid node connecting the girder and the pier in the mixed bridge and so on

其中重點研究了組合結構橋梁中剪力鍵性能，負彎矩區混凝土板裂紋狀態及控制裂紋的設計方法，鋼與混凝土的接合剛度和施工方法對結構受力特性的影響，以及混合結構橋梁中梁墩剛性連接的傳力途徑及應力分佈等。