observed variance 中文意思是什麼
observed variance
解釋
觀測方差-
Based on the thermohaline data in august of 1958 and 2000, january of 2001, january and august in the marine atlas of bohai sea, yellow sea, east china sea ( hydrology, 1992 ), the normal annual wind field data in bohai sea, and the near forty years sss data observed in the four measurement stations beihuangcheng, tanggu, qinhuangdao, huludao of bohai sea : the thermohaline field ' s variance characteristics are analysed
基於1958年8月、 2000年8月、 2001年1月、 《渤海、黃海、東海海洋圖集（ 1992 ） 》中的1月和8月份溫鹽資料、渤海多年平均風場資料以及渤海北隍城、塘沽、秦皇島和葫蘆島4個水文測站近40年的sss觀測資料，分析了渤海溫鹽場的變異特徵。 -
Smooth order amplitude variance was expressed by using state equation, and measurement error and noise were expressed by adopting observed equation
狀態方程表示了階比幅值的平滑變化，觀測方程表示了測量誤差和噪聲。 -
The empirical results show that stock returns are more volatile during exchange trading hours than during non - trading hours. french and roll consider three possible explanations for the observed variance pattern. ? high trading - time volatility is caused by public information which is more likely to be observed during normal business hours ; ? high trading - time volatility is caused by private information which is more likely to affect prices when the exchanges are open ; ? high trading - time volatility is caused by pricing errors that occur during trading
對于股票收益在交易時刻波動明顯大於非交易時刻波動的現象， french與roll提出了三個可能的原因： ?在正常的工作日產生的公有信息導致高的交易時刻波動； ?私有信息導致高的交易時刻波動，並且只有在交易時刻影響價格； ?交易中產生的錯誤定價導致高的交易時刻波動。
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