parameters of state 中文意思是什麼

Flight control system ( fcs ) sensor is used for measuring various kinds of mobile parameters of aerocraft, describing its mobile state and spacial position. it is the principal subunit in the fcs

飛控系統傳感器用於測量飛行器的各種運動參數，描述飛行器的運動狀態及其在空間的位置，是飛行控制系統的首要環節。

In view of this situation and the characteristic of qualitative variable as well as quantitative variable of the geological factors affecting coal seam affusion, put forward the application of numerical theory on the basis of optimization study of orthogonal design to confirm the optimal combination of the technical parameters of coal seam affusion when geological factors is in precarious state and then proceed optimization study with instances

針對這種情況及影響煤層注水的地質因素既有定性變量，又有定量變量的特徵，本文在利用正交設計優化研究的基礎上，提出利用數量化理論確定地質因素為不穩定狀態下的煤層注水工藝參數的最優組合，並結合實例進行了優化研究。

The mechanical index or parameters of rock is similar to those of other materials, they are understood and accepted easily. however geostress is one inner stress stored up in rock mass, it isn " t rock - mass " inhesion characteristics like mechanical index, but it is a mechanical state in rock masses. the stress state is generally different in similar engineering rock mass but in different space

巖石的力學性質和指標，類同其它材料的力學性質和指標，容易被人們認識和接受；而地應力是蓄存在巖體內部的一種內應力，並不是巖體的一種固有特性，而是巖體中存在的一種力學狀態，同類巖體的地應力狀態因地而異。

This paper focuses on the core part of the il & sm fixture system - information process system ( ips ). after relevant information is obtained from the current part, ips designs the roughcast and the parameters of stuffing, matches or designs rational locating box, positions all the locating bolt, finishes the procedure of datum conversion and ensures the communications between state shaping system, part fixing system and nc programming system

本文的研究對象為il & sm夾具系統的核心部分? ?信息處理系統（ informationprocessingsystem ? ips ） ，它通過獲取零件的相關信息，進行毛坯與填料厚度的設計，設計或配置出合理的尋位箱，智能布置尋位元件，完成基準轉換，並負責與狀態成型系統、工件安裝系統、 nc編程系統等模塊的通訊。

In this paper, firstly, the mechanism of laser plasma shock wave ' s form, the basic formula of the theory of shock wave, the state equation of the shock wave in the water and the relation of the parameters of the shock front are studied

本文首先討論了激光等離子體沖擊波的形成機理、沖擊波理論的基本關系式、水中沖擊波的狀態方程模型以及沖擊波波前參數的關系。

We firstly summarize the development of yb - doped fiber lasers, pumping methods and the applications of high - power fiber lasers. 2. considering the scattering loss, we deduce the relationships between laser performances of yb - doped double - clad fiber laser and parameters of laser cavity from the steady state rate equations, numerically analysis the changes of laser performances, such as laser power with the parameters of laser cavity, including output mirror reflectivity, optimum length of double clad fiber

研究主要內容包括如下幾個方面:一、首先對摻鐿光纖及摻鐿光纖激光器的發展狀況、包層泵浦技術和高功率光纖激光器的應用等進行了綜述;二、在前人對高功率雙包層光纖激光器的理論基礎上，在考慮了光纖散射損耗因子的情況對光纖激光器理論進行了推導，給出了準解析解，進一步完善了理論分析。

In this paper, the starting parameters of the motor is estimated by kalman filtering arithmetic that is a parameter test mehod that can be considered the running state. base on the basic kalman filtering arthmetic, linearization extended kalman filtering arthmetic that is fit to the motor system that is a non - linear controled system is got

因此本文利用卡爾曼濾波遞推演算法對電機起動時的參數進行估計，該方法是一種結合運行方式的參數測試方法，從基本的卡爾曼濾波遞推演算法出發，推得了適應電機這個非線性控制系統線性化的推廣卡爾曼濾遞推波演算法。

We also compare the deduced new eos to the other famous eos. in chapter three, some common isobaric equations of state and the related parameters are introduced. we list some empirical eos and clarify their models of theory

列出了一些常用的經驗物態方程，並闡述了它們的理論模型，同時也對本文提出的物態方程進行了驗證、比較。

The precondition of establishing mathematics model of torpedo turbine system in design condition is to fulfill the external conditions ( such as torpedo sailing speed and depth etc. ) and inner conditions ( such as turbine power and efficiency etc. ). after establishing mathematics model of torpedo turbine system in design condition, we compiled simulation program to compute all kinds of inner parameters of turbine engine include engine type, principal layout of turbine, inner structure of turbine and state parameters of gases

首先分析設計工況時渦輪機動力系統，在滿足魚雷動力系統的各項外部條件（如魚雷航深、航速等）和內部條件（如渦輪機功率、效率，燃燒室壓力、溫度，轉子機械強度等）的前提下，建立起設計工況渦輪發動機的數學模型，編程計算並確定渦輪機內部機械結構和燃氣熱力學狀態各參數。

To find the parameters of preparation and annealing process associated with the best electrochromic properties of these films, following researches and experiments were carried out : to compare the visible light transmittance of the colored state with bleaching state of the electrochromic films which were annealed at different temperatures and for different duration, to count the dynamic optical density change, and to test the i - v relations of these films " electrochromic cycles and their colored / bleaching response time

對經過不同熱處理溫度和不同熱處理持續時間得到的薄膜樣品的著色褪色可見光范圍內透射光譜的比較，計算薄膜動態光密度變化量的大小，測試薄膜著色褪色循環伏-安關系以及薄膜著色褪色響應時間的快慢，尋求到薄膜呈現最佳電致變色性能時所對應的制備參數與熱處理參數。

Equation of state ( eos ) is, in a broad sense, the functional expression which gives the relationship of the vary parameters for the substance system, which shows the properties of the substance in the condition of thermodynamics

從廣義上講，物態方程是泛指描述處于熱力學平衡態的物質系統的各種狀態參量之間關系的函數表達式，用來表達在一定熱力學條件下物質的性狀。

This text completely and systematically studies the status and the development of the pyrolysis and the fluidization of biomass, which distill the bio - oil in the domestic and international area, as well as the existing problems. this thesis primarily include following aspects : ( l ), by experimenting and measuring the energy ( heat value ) and the content of c, h, n chemical element of right 20 kinds of common biomass, on the base of the experimental result, and respectively established the biomass energy predict experiment formula with the element of h and c is from change, and passed the ro. os examination, which provides the basis and convenience for flash pyrolysis fluidization device energy to convert the rate to compute with biomass energy utilization calculation ; ( 2 ), proceeded the tg and dtg experimentation equal velocity ( 10 ? / min, 20 ? / min, 40 ? / min, 60 ? / min ) heating and constant temperature heating by studying on eight kinds of biomass samples, according to the experimental data and arrhenius formula, we established the dynamics model of pyrolysis of, then, using the goast - redfern and p function, we also solved the dynamics parameters and analyze out every kind of biomass ' s frequency factor and parameters of activation energy, and established the every kind of dynamics model of pyrolysis of biomass, all of these provide the theories and basis to make sure the reactor ' s flash pyrolysis work temperature scope design and the describing of pyrolysis reactor dynamics ; ( 3 ), in order to study and ascertain the process of heat completely getting to pyrolysis time of varied size biomass particles, we observed and measured the ratio of length and diameter ( l / d ) with the varied biomass through electron microscope, we concluded the l / d ratios usually is from 5. 0 to 6. 0, the average is 5. 3 ; ( 4 ), we studied the process of biomass transiting and the theory of complete pyrolysis time with the theory of complicated heat field, we got the time ( t ) of the varied size biomass particles arriving to complete pyrolysis, and we knew that the complete pyrolysis time and the time which get to the biggest production ratio are identical, all of these studies provide the theory base for design and forecasting the flash pyrolysis reactor solid state resort time ; ( 5 ), according to the above experiment result, synthesize to make use of the engineering the mechanics, engineering the material, machine the design to learn the principle, deduce, establish the theory of rotation cone flash pyrolysis reactor material resort time ( t ) and reasonable rotation velocity ( or frequency ) relation theory ; and ( 6 ), we gave the reactor ' s smallest cone angle certain, reactor cone wall strength design theory, the reactor production ability theory, the power design method and the critical rotation velocity theory

本文較全面、系統地綜述了國內外生物質熱解液化制取生物燃油技術研究發展現狀及存在的問題，主要研究內容有： （ 1 ）實驗、測定了20種常見生物質的能量（發熱量）和c 、 h 、 n元素含量，根據實驗結果分別建立了以h和c為自變量的生物質能量預測經驗公式，並通過r _ （ 0 . 05 ）檢驗；為閃速熱解液化裝置能量轉化率計算和生物質能量利用率計算提供了依據和方便； （ 2 ）選擇了8種生物質試樣作了等加熱速率（ 10 min 、 20 min 、 40 min 、 60 min ）和恆溫加熱的tg和dtg實驗，根據實驗數據和阿倫尼烏斯公式建立了生物質熱解反應動力學微分方程，並採用goast - redfem積分法和p函數對其動力學參數進行了求解，解析出各種生物質的頻率因子和活化能參數，進而建立了各種生物質的熱解動力學模型，為科學確定反應器的閃速熱解工作溫度范圍及熱解反應動力學描述，提供了理論和依據； （ 3 ）為研究和確定不同尺度的生物質顆粒中心達到全熱解的時間，在體視顯微鏡下對不同粒度的生物質顆粒的長徑比進行了實驗觀察和測定，得出生物質的長徑比（ l d ）一般在5 . 0 6 . 0之間，平均為5 . 3的結果； （ 4 ）採用復雜溫度場傳熱學理論對生物質傳熱過程及充分熱解時間理論進行了研究，解析推導出了不同尺寸生物質顆粒中心溫度達到充分熱解溫度的時間（ t ） ，得出了理論推導的充分熱解時間與最大產油率的熱解時間相一致的結果，為閃速熱解反應器固相滯留時間設計和預測提供了理論依據； （ 5 ）根據上述實驗結果，綜合運用工程力學、工程材料、機械設計學原理，推導、建立了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器物料滯留時間（ ）與轉速（或頻率）合理匹配理論； （ 6 ）提出了轉錐式閃速熱解反應器的最小錐角設計、錐壁強度設計、生產能力設計理論和功率計算方法及臨界轉速理論等。

The paper calculates and analyzes the influences of the initial pressure, the volume of the expansion chamber, and the throat diameter of the nozzle on the non - loaded performance of the circuit breaker, and presents the variation of the state parameters of the expansion volume and the flow field during interruption period, also predicts the nature of the self - extinguishing circuit breaker

本文分析計算了起始壓力、膨脹室體積及噴口喉部直徑的變化對斷路器空載特性的影響，給出了斷路器膨脹室狀態參數及滅弧室內氣流場在斷路器開斷過程中的變化，得到了自能式sf _ 6斷路器固有的特性。

A full mathematical model of optimal flow pattern design withengineering constraints was put forward, based on modern optimal control theory. an optimal flow pattern design was presented for optimizing meridional channel of axial flow turbine. according to integral optimization of turbine stages, a full physical model and mathematical expression were put forward for proposition of optimal flow pattern, including all performance parameters in turbine stages. this problem was further recast into a typical form control to maximize specific performance index such as work or efficiency of stage with given initial state, fixed terminal condition and constraints for part of state terminal variables. the program was also worked out according penalty function method and conjugate gradient method. the optimal distribution of c1ur1 ( r1 ) was obtained according to constraint conditions and maximized objective function

把近代最優控制論方法引入軸流透平葉片的設計，在優化的軸流透平子午通道內，建立包括透平級內所有性能參量的最優流型命題的完整的物理模型及其數學表達式，並歸化為一個在給定初始狀態、自變量終端固定、部分狀態變量終端受有約束的條件下，使級的某一性能指標（如級的功率）達到最優的最優控制問題，應用「代價函數法」及「共軛梯度法」編制計算程序，計算得到符合給定約束條件、並使目標函數取極值的最優環量分佈，結果是令人滿意的。

Based on the experiment of nimh battery, investigations on characteristics of discharging and charging of nimh battery, and analysis of influencing factor of nimh battery, an approach of ah ? coe ? ocu has been carried out to estimate an accurate surplus energy and state of charge of nimh batteries, and consider the compensation of the temperature, aging and self - discharging etc. after theoretic analysis has been completed, simulations are given to determine parameters of batteries for changan hev

本文在蓄電池試驗的基礎上，分析和研究ni - mh蓄電池充放電特性及其影響因素，建立了電池內阻、電動勢模型，提出了安時?能量守恆?開路電壓演算法（ ah ? coe ? ocu法）預測蓄電池的剩餘能量和荷電狀態計算方法，並進行溫度、循環使用壽命、自放電等補償，從而建立了蓄電池的充放電模型。

Through the comparative text of the four reinforced concrete frames braced with the eccentric steel, which have the same shapes, materials, dimension and the different brace form, several parameters of these frame behavior, such as side stiffness, limit load and energy consume ability, were studied. the limit state of these frames were analyzed

本文通過對四榀具有同一外形尺寸及配筋而具有不同型式的偏心角鋼支撐的鋼筋砼框架和一榀相同尺寸及配筋的鋼筋砼框架的對比性試驗，研究了上述結構的抗側剛度、極限承載力及結構的耗能等各項指標，探討了偏心角鋼支撐鋼筋砼框架結構的受力特點，並對其極限狀態進行了理論上的分析。

By means of chemical - displacement and orthogonal test method, the various technological parameters of the colorant for steel at normal temperature are determined. and simultaneously their effect regulation for steel of various state and constituent on coloring film quality are also discussed in detail. a new bronze - colored treating solution and technology for steel at normal temperature has been developed with stable and high quality performance

運用化學置換法和正交試驗法測定常溫著色液的溫度、酸度、成分、含量等參數及其對不同狀態及成分的鋼鐵色膜質量的影響規律，研製出了一種性能優良的鋼鐵常溫古銅色處理液及處理新工藝。

Abstract : by means of chemical - displacement and orthogonal test method, the various technological parameters of the colorant for steel at normal temperature are determined. and simultaneously their effect regulation for steel of various state and constituent on coloring film quality are also discussed in detail. a new bronze - colored treating solution and technology for steel at normal temperature has been developed with stable and high quality performance

文摘:運用化學置換法和正交試驗法測定常溫著色液的溫度、酸度、成分、含量等參數及其對不同狀態及成分的鋼鐵色膜質量的影響規律，研製出了一種性能優良的鋼鐵常溫古銅色處理液及處理新工藝。

In this paper, some investigation and design as following. have been carried out on er - yb codoped phosphate glass waveguide laser first, three primary performance parameters of er - yb waveguide laser pump threshold power ; output power and slope efficiency have been commulated and analysed theoretically based on er ~ ( 3 + ) - yb ~ ( 3 + ) energy configuration ; rate equation of stable state and transmitting equation. the influences of er - yb ions concentration ; enabled waveguide length ; light dot radius of signal light and pump light ; reflectivity of output lens on three above parameters have been researched

首先，從er ~ （ 3 + ） - yb ~ （ 3 + ）能級結構出發，結合激光穩態速率方程與傳輸方程，對鉺鐿波導激光器的三個主要性能參數:閾值功率、輸出功率、斜率效率作了理論計算分析，並研究了鉺、鐿離子濃度、光波導激活長度、信號光與泵浦光光斑半徑比例、輸出耦合鏡反射率對這三個關鍵性能參數的影響。

Firstly, the performance is calculated at the design point of the ws - 9 aeroengine by using the numerical model established. secondly, after obtaining the performance coupling parameters, the steady - state performance of the non - designed points is caculated. third, respectively make the limitation of rotate speed of the high pressure rotor and low pressure rotor equal to corresponding parameters of designed point, after the data calculated compared with those of designed point and actual testing of the manufactory, the error is obtained

首先，用所建立的發動機數學模型計算了發動機在設計點的各項性能，第二，根據發動機各部件的耦合特性參數計算得到發動機在非設計點狀態下的各項穩態性能，第三，分別設定限制高壓轉子轉速和低壓轉子轉速逼近設計點條件下對應的參數，將計算得到的性能數據與設計點性能進行了比較，並將非設計點的計算結果與生產試車過程實測的性能數據進行對比，給出了該穩態模型計算結果與實際試車數據的誤差。