permanent consumption 中文意思是什麼

permanent consumption 解釋
長期消費
  • permanent : adj. 1. 永久的，不變的，耐久的；持久的，經久的。2. 常務的，常設的 （opp. temporary）。n. 電燙發 （＝permanent wave）。adv. -ly
  • consumption : n. 1. 消費（量）；消盡，消耗，滅絕。2. 【醫學】結核病；癆病，肺癆 （＝pulmonary consumption）。
  1. Both measured income and measured consumption, the theory suggests, contain a permanent and a transitory element.

    該理論提出，可計量的收入和可計量的消費二者都包含有一個恆常性的部分和一個暫時性的部分。
  2. Then expatiate the key role of rational expectations in the below theories : share prices " random walk " / ' efficiency markets ", " permanent income hypothesis " " life - cycle " of consumption, " super inflation theory ", " tax smoothing " and the design of economic stabilization policies

    然後簡要闡述了理性預期在以下理論中扮演的關鍵角色：股票價格「隨機行走」 、 「有效市場理論」 ， 「超級通貨膨脹理論」 ， 「消費的永久收入」和「生命周期」理論， 「稅收平滑」理論，以及經濟穩定政策設計理論。
  3. Part 2 is composed of five parts, they arc fujian rural households consumption under the influence of current income, fujian rural households consumption under the influence of past income, fujian rural households consumption under the influence of permanent income, consume highly sensitive and wealth effect

    文章的第二部分可分為五個組成部分，分別為：現期收入對福建農村居民消費的影響、過去收入對福建農村居民消費的影響、持久收入對福建農村居民消費的影響、福建農村居民消費的過度敏感性以及財富效應。
  4. The findings show that ever since the policy of reform and opening to the outside world, the consumers in the rural areas have turned from the consumption of keynes model to those of modiniliary ' s life periodical hypothesis and friedman ' s permanent income hypothesis

    結果表明：改革開放以來的農村消費者，已由近似凱恩斯模型向莫迪利亞尼的生命周期假說和弗里德曼的持久收入假說的消費者轉變。
  5. This paper introduces that the united theory of high capability permanent material and electromagnetic iron designs a new - type valve with the function of self - holding and self - closedown. and the valve can not only achieve zero consumption of the self - holding state, but also is used in the intellectualized instrument that can refuse the use if the user owes money by optimizing magnetic circuit and the design of electric circuit

    本文採用高性能的永磁材料和電磁鐵聯合作用原理設計研究具有自保持功能和自關閉功能的新型電磁閥，通過優化磁路和電路設計，不僅可以實現保持狀態的零功耗，並可用於具有欠費拒用功能的智能化儀表上。
  6. The main conclusions are that : ( 1 ) the consumption of urban and rural households is sensitive to current income changing ; ( 2 ) the consumption of urban and rural households is sensitive to permanent income changing, and rural household ' s reaction is stronger than that of urban households ; ( 3 ) " the demonstrative effect " of rural households is stronger than that urban households ; ( 4 ) the consumption of urban and rural households is less sensitive to the interest rate changing ; ( 5 ) the consumption of urban and rur

    制度因素對農村居民消費的影響亦很大，本文著重從農村城鎮化與農村公共產品的供給制度兩方面進行了分析。定性分析表明農村城鎮化具有收入、消費、資源配置效應，定量分析則表明城鎮化的消費效應是顯著的，這表明加快農村城鎮化的發展對于增加農村居民的消費有著積極意義。農村公共產品供給不足，對消費帶來了許多負面效應，它不僅影響了農村居民收入的持續增長
  7. Conclusion : the consumption and income of the rural farmers are positively related ; the farmer ' s income, esp. the permanent income becomes the essential factor that influences farmer ' s consumption and the fundamental reason why it is hard to start rural resident ' s consumption results from the slow growth of farmer ' s income

    結論：農村居民的消費和收入呈正相關關系；收入尤其是持久收入是影響農民消費的主要因素；農村居民消費難以啟動的根本原因是農民收入增長緩慢。
  8. The diesis studies many prevalent consumption theories and functions, such as keynesian consumption theories with absolute income hypothesis and relative income hypothesis as representatives, certainty - type consumption decision theories with permanent income hypothesis and life cycle hypothesis as representatives, uncertainty - type consumption decision theories with random - walk hypothesis as representative. some consumption functions under complicate conditions have also been given in die diesis

    論文對以絕對收入假說相對收入假說為代表的凱恩斯主義消費理論、以生命周期持久收入假說為代表的確定型消費決策理論、以隨機行走假說為代表的不確定型消費決策理論等主流消費理論進行了剖析，並給出了一些在復雜的消費決策條件下的消費函數。
  9. The economists concluded that, just as theory predicts, most people ' s consumption varies as permanent income changes, but barely responds to temporary shocks

    這幾位經濟學家的結論是，就像理論預測的那樣，大多數人的消費隨著永久收入的改變而改變，對短期的沖擊卻很少調整。
  10. Measures people s ability to pay over their life time on permanent income basis e. g. consumption more stable with borrowings and savings while income fluctuate

    以永久收入為計算基礎，評估納稅人付稅能力，例如個人收入可能每年都不同，但支出會因為有借貸和儲蓄而顯得較為穩定。
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