population exploitation 中文意思是什麼

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

This paper concerns studies on rhizobia in symbiosis with important legume soybean and peanut crops in china, following : 1 ) summarized bio - diversity of rhizobia, including indigeneous population, isolation frequency, strain type, distribution, and strain - host promiscuity and compatibility from large and small samples. 2 ) reviewed symbiont improvement in both sides of rhizobia and hosts, involving selection of effective rhizobial strains, evoluation and utilization of the host germplasm for symbiotic properties, and selection of the both sides for special characters. 3 ) discussed the subject on the rich symbiont germplasm resource in china and on further research being necessary to exploitation and utilization of the benificial germplasm

針對我國主要豆科作物大豆和花生的研究成果，並結合本身研究工作內容， （ 1 ）總結了與宿主共生的根瘤菌生物學多樣性，包括大、小樣本的土著根瘤菌群體數量、分離頻率、類型與分佈及其菌株宿主共生混交性與親和性； （ 2 ）評述了根瘤菌宿主植物共生體雙邊固氮改良，包括優良菌株的選育、宿主品種資源共生特性的評價與利用及特異性狀的選擇； （ 3 ）討論了我國這一類共生體資源的豐富性以及有必要進一步加大力度研究有益資源的開發和利用的問題。

Abstract : this paper concerns studies on rhizobia in symbiosis with important legume soybean and peanut crops in china, following : 1 ) summarized bio - diversity of rhizobia, including indigeneous population, isolation frequency, strain type, distribution, and strain - host promiscuity and compatibility from large and small samples. 2 ) reviewed symbiont improvement in both sides of rhizobia and hosts, involving selection of effective rhizobial strains, evoluation and utilization of the host germplasm for symbiotic properties, and selection of the both sides for special characters. 3 ) discussed the subject on the rich symbiont germplasm resource in china and on further research being necessary to exploitation and utilization of the benificial germplasm

文摘:針對我國主要豆科作物大豆和花生的研究成果，並結合本身研究工作內容， （ 1 ）總結了與宿主共生的根瘤菌生物學多樣性，包括大、小樣本的土著根瘤菌群體數量、分離頻率、類型與分佈及其菌株宿主共生混交性與親和性； （ 2 ）評述了根瘤菌宿主植物共生體雙邊固氮改良，包括優良菌株的選育、宿主品種資源共生特性的評價與利用及特異性狀的選擇； （ 3 ）討論了我國這一類共生體資源的豐富性以及有必要進一步加大力度研究有益資源的開發和利用的問題。

( 3 ) by analysis the environmental bearing capacity of emphasis leakage catchment water area, the main factor of limiting the development of the study area is the exploitation of the underground water resource and the population, thus when further constructed, it should not broaden the population scale and should to save the water quantity. dajiangou and beikang are out of the bearing capacity. real estate construction must avoid the two fields

（ 3 ）分析研究區內重點滲漏區匯水范圍區域的環境承載力，得出限制研究區發展的主導因素就是地下水資源開采量及人口規模，因此研究區進行建設時，不易再擴大人口規模，應盡量節約水資源用量，可引用外水，大澗溝、北康2個匯水區均超出環境承載力，在進行區域開發建設過程中，應盡可能的避開這2個匯水區。

With the rapid development of population and economy, water resource has been excessively exploited and the balance of ecosystem has been seriously changed and destroyed. the problem of water resource pollution and shortage is becoming more and more serious. the contradiction between exploitation water resource and environment is becoming more and more acute

隨著人口與經濟的迅速發展，人類過度的開發水資源生態空間，生態系統的平衡受到了嚴重地改變和破壞，水環境污染和水資源短缺問題日益嚴重，水資源開發利用與生態環境的矛盾愈顯突出。

Thirdly, the mathematics model of forecasting low flow was established in fengcong and fenglin regions according to these factors influencing the amount of low flow in karst drainage ( the area of drainage, lithology, the type of landforms and its special assembly and forest ) the conception of low water resources carrying capacity was first put forward according to the changing law of low water resources in space and the situation of exploitation and utilization in karst drainage ( ie, under the condition of the virtuous ecological environment and the available technology, the explorable amount of water resources in certain areas is capacity and limitation which is able to coordinate the development of population, enviroment and economy during the period of low flow seasons ) and preliminarily analyzed its connotation, characteristic and established the index system of low flow in karst drainage

三是根據影響喀斯特流域枯水徑流的下墊面因素（空間尺度、巖性、地貌類型、植被） ，分別對峰叢和峰林等喀斯特地區建立枯水徑流預測模型。根據喀斯特流域枯水資源的空間變化規律以及實際開發利用狀況，首次提出了枯水資源承載力的概念，即在枯水季節期間，保持良性的生態環境和現有的技術條件下，某一區域內可開採的水資源量對支持該地區人口、經濟與環境協調發展的能力和限度。並初步分析了枯水資源承載力的內涵、特性，從水資源的供需方面確立了喀斯特流域枯水資源承載力的指標體系。

This paper describes and analyses the basic features and the orientation of population flow from the countryside in china. based on the comparable analysis of the conditions and features, yanbian should make good use of the chance of the western exploitation, install the human resource reasonably and promote the reflux effect of the human resource so that yanbian can make the positive effect that human resource flow. it holds that " the migration of large number of human resource " is inevitable in the course of industrialization, urbanization and modernization in china. it reflects social civilization and social development, and is a good solution to the problem related to chinese agriculture and chinese peasants, a social phenomenon can only be coped with by persuasion instead of repression, the strategy to develop yanbian provides a good historical opportunity to consider how to solve the problems related to " science and education prosper a country, science and education prosper a state "

本文描述和分析了中國人力資源流動的基本特點及其走向的基礎上，對我州人力資源流動的現狀及特點進行了比較分析，從而提出了延邊州應充分利用西部大開發契機，合理配置人力資源，促進人力資源的迴流效應，實現人力資源流動的正面效應，人力資源流動現象是中國工業化、城市化、現代化過程的必然現象，是社會文明與進步的表現，是解決中國農業和農民問題的契機，只能疏導，不能壓抑和堵截，我州要抓住西部大開發戰略大思路和歷史性的機遇，積累我州人力資本，將「科教興國、科教興州」做到實處。

Exploitation and reducing mangrove area at dongyu mangrove area had changed population size of birds, community - structure and species diversity

廈門東嶼紅樹林區的開發建設和紅樹林破壞引起當地鳥類物種數、數量、群落結構及物種多樣性的變化。

This study aims at censusing of the panda population, panda ' s exploitation of habitats and impacts of various human activities on the giant pandas and its habitats. the route transect method was used and plots were set along the route in each valley at wanglang

調查方法是在王朗保護區內設置樣線，沿樣線設置樣方，在樣方中收集大熊貓各類痕跡的數量、特徵、空間位置和生物與非生物環境因子。

F ) to retreat cultivation 1. 467 million ha for reforestation or recovering grass. g ) attheend, to adjust the proportion of cultivated land, forest, grassland from 7 : 6 : 1 to 1 : 1. 4 : 1. 2, this proportion is reasonable ratio for land use structure. for getting the above strategy targets, we must handle of the following relations : a ) the relation between development and environment protection ; b ) the relation between population and land resources ; c ) the relation between construction and farmland protection ; d ) the relation between quality and quantity of farmland ; e ) the relation between land using and economy development ; f ) the relation between land exploitation and landscape worth maintaining, etc. for getting the above strategy targets, we must also adopt some good measures : a ) to control the construction occupying farmland ; b ) to use land intensive ; c ) to improve low - yield farmland ; d ) to make regional land resources distribution effective ; e ) to make comprehensive profit ; f ) to make family planning continually ; g ) to promote urbanization, etc. by carrying out these measures, land resources in shanxi province can be used sustainable

同時，論文對土地資源利用潛力和未來趨勢進行了科學推理，提出了山西土地資源永續利用的戰略目標：到2015年，全省耕地面積穩定在433 . 3萬公頃左右，基本農田面積保持在366 . 7萬公頃左右，保證糧食產量100億千克；各項建設用地控制在14 . 2萬公頃，其中佔用耕地在7 . 9萬公頃，土地開發、復墾、整理補充耕地10萬公頃，改造中低產田10萬公頃，治理水土流失面積1 . 13萬公頃，發展園林草地146 . 667萬公頃（含退耕還林還草99 . 2萬公頃、園地6 . 7萬公頃） ；經過長期努力，使林草地總面積達到865 . 6萬公頃，耕地、林地、草地比例由現在7 6 1逐步調節到1 1 . 4 1 . 2較合理的比例。

Wuwei oasis lies in the east part of hexi corridor and originates from shiyanghe river. of the three farming and h erding oases in hexi, wuwei oasis has the biggest population, the longest history of agricultural exploitation ; and it is one of the oases suffering from the strongest interference of human activities

位於河西走廊東段發源於石羊河的武威綠洲是河西三大農牧綠洲中，人口最多，農業開發歷史最悠久而且也是受人類活動干擾最強烈的綠洲之一。

Measures should be taken to improve the economic compensation system for paid use of the natural resources and the renewal of resources, enhance the comprehensive use rate of resources and economic profits, stop the destructive exploitation of natural resources, alleviate the controversy between the explosive population, the economic growth and the limitation of the resources

完善自然資源有償使用和資源更新的經濟補償制度，提高資源綜合利用率和經濟效益，遏制資源破壞性開發，緩解人口和經濟增長同資源有限性之間的矛盾。

The effective ways to overcome such problems are to maintain the population diversity and enhance exploitation of local search domains

相應的解決策略是：維持種群個體多樣性和增強對局部領域的搜索開采能力。

Our country has already fully realized the importance of properly dealing with the relationship among the population, the resource and the environment. in order to solve the contradiction on the utilization of land resource between food supply and economy development, it ’ s unrealistic only by the means of increasing the yield of per unit area. however, land exploitation, reclaimation and arrangement is undoubtly one of the important way to solve this problem

我國已充分認識到妥善處理人口、資源、環境三者關系的重要性，確定了「十分珍惜、合理利用土地和切實保護耕地」的基本國策。當前，要解決吃飯和經濟發展與土地資源的矛盾，單靠提高單位面積的產量是不現實的，而土地開發復墾與整理正是解決這一矛盾的重要途徑之一。

Accounting the characteristic of water resource exploitation and utilization in tourist islands, and the relations between population, water resource, environment and development, wrcc research on tourist - island is sub - classified into complex - giant system of natural and social environment for dynamic analysis and modeling. further, a multiple objective decision - making analysis ( modma ) model for the wrcc research on tourist - island is set up in term of sustainable development

根據海島地區水資源開發利用的結構特點，考慮到人口、資源、環境和發展之間的關系，本文將旅遊海島水資源承載力問題納入自然社會經濟環境這一復雜巨系統中進行動態建模分析，從可持續發展角度建立了旅遊海島水資源承載力多目標決策分析模型。

A case of guangzhou city in the paper, from the management of external floating population, the management of building construction and rent, the planning and the planning management, the system of administrational management, through surveying the problems which appeared in rural - urban continuum during the city rapid development, searching and rethinking the source of society and economy, finding the most core and essential problems in rural - urban continuum : first, the rural - urban dual mechanism restricts the development of urbanization ; second, the mechanism of the land exploitation and management in rural - urban continuum was imperfect, which lead to the lower using efficiency of land

本文以廣州市為例，從外來流動人口管理、房屋建設及出租管理、規劃及規劃管理及基層管理和管理體制等四個方面，就其快速發展過程中城鄉結合部地區出現的問題進行了詳細調查，並對其存在的社會經濟根源進行了探索和反思，找出城鄉結合部地區最為核心和根本性的兩大問題：一是城鄉二元體制對城市化發展的制約；二是城鄉結合部土地開發和管理機制的不完善，導致土地利用效率低下。

Then some conclusions we could make as follows : the inferior level of population ' s education and poor traffic condition hinder the economic development severely ; there are lots of natural resources, but the methods of exploitation are unsound ; in the industry, on one hand, the traditional take most part, such as sugar factory, tea factory and hydroelectricity station, but most of th ose products quality is inferior and the ability of market competition is weak ; on the other hand, the infant industries development is very slowly ; the protruding environment problems in lincang are pollution and soil erosion

通過分析，我們可以得知本區低水平的人口素質和落後的交通條件是制約區域經濟發展的「瓶頸」因素；區內有著豐富的自然資源，但沒有從潛在優勢轉變成市場優勢；目前本區工業已形成以「糖、茶、電」為骨幹的工業結構，但產業總體發展水平低，產品質量差，缺乏市場競爭力，同時新興產業發展緩慢，開發力度不夠；由於本區以中山地貌為主，加上不合理耕作使得農業中的水土流失問題突出，工業技術的落後帶來的污染問題也在不斷加劇。

It has been successfully used in the united states to provide input into resource exploitation decisions and assist wildlife managers and there is now enormous potential for using population viability to assist wildlife management in australia ' s forests

它很成功的被美國使用於供給輸入資源開發決策和幫助野生動植物管理者並且現在人類生存能力有巨大的潛力去幫助澳大利亞森林的野生管理。

This part is the center of the whole article, putting forward countermeasures to realize the sustainable development of the western area based on the analysis and evidence of the former parts, mainly including the program of the process of the great exploitation, basic facility construction, construction of the ecological environment, population and talents, the adjustment of the industrial constructure and the relation among nationalities and security of the border of the western area

第三部分：實現西部地區可持續發展的對策分析本部分為全文的中心，在前文分析論述的基礎上，提出了實現西部地區可持續發展的對策措施，主要包括西部大開發的進程規劃問題、西部地區的基礎設施建設問題、西部地區的生態環境建設問題、西部地區的人口和人才問題、西部地區的產業結構調整問題以及西部地區的民族關系和邊疆安全問題。

In the third part, in accordance with the limitations and by making good use of the advantages of agricultural development in wuhua county, the paper proposes strategies and concrete measures, which includes : to increase the agricultural investment by improving the agricultural investment mechanism ; to adjust agricultural property structure according to market orientation and the principle of priority ; to adopt measures to promote agriculture by applying scientific and technological advances so as to increase the science and technology content of agricultural products ; to divert the surplus agricultural labor force so as to ease the contradiction between a big population and the deficient land ; to synthesize the regulation and exploitation of mountain, water conservancy, forestry, farmland and roads and to promote coordinative development of agricultural ecosystem, economy and society, etc

辯識出五華縣農業可持續發展的主要限制因子有：農業投入落後、結構優化度不高、科技提升能力不強、人地矛盾突出、農村工業化水平低。文章第三部分針對五華縣農業可持續發展的主要限制因子，結合五華縣農業發展的優勢，提出今後五華縣農業發展的對策和具體措施。主要包括：通過完善農業投入機制，增加農業投入；依據比較優勢原理，以市場為導向，調整農業結構；落實科技興農措施，提高農產品科技含量；轉移農業剩餘勞動力，緩解人多地少的矛盾；搞好山水林田路綜合治理開發，促進農業生態、經濟、社會協調發展等。