primary environment 中文意思是什麼

Through quantitative comparison of the salinity, temperature, wind, wave, current, tide, biogenesis elements, and rare elements of coral reef in the coral reef zone of the nansha islands in china with these in the open sea, it is found that the nutrients and primary productivity in the coral reef are several dozen or several hundred times higher than those in the open sea. it is indicated that, given sufficient sunlight, the coral reef eco - environment could provide very intense photosynthesis, thus pointing to the important reason why the coral reef zone is highly productive

根據中國南沙群島珊瑚礁區的溫度、鹽度、風、浪、流、潮、生源要素、稀有元素分析並與礁外海域定量比較，得出珊瑚礁區的營養物質和初級生產力比敞海高出幾十倍到幾百倍，表明只要有充足的陽光，珊瑚礁生態環境就可以提供十分強烈的光合作用，從而證明了珊瑚礁海區高生產力的重要原因。

Under dynamic environment, the primary learning pattern is the switchover learning, which is achieved through the birth of fresh - enterprise, the exit of draggle enterprise, and the inherent enterprise ' s unlearning

在動態環境下，集群的轉換型學習變得重要，其實現技術轉換的途徑主要是通過新生企業的加入、落後企業的退出以及內部企業本身的「忘卻學習」 。

Mechanism inconformity with the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism and create a social environment in which people are encouraged to achieve something and helped to make a success of their so as to unleash all the vitality contained in work, knowledge, technology, and capital and give full play to all sources of social

要形成與社會主義初級階段基本經濟制度相適應的思想觀念和創業機制，營造鼓勵人們幹事業支持人們干成事業的社會氛圍，放手讓一切勞動知識技術管理和資本的活力競相迸發，讓一切創造社會財富的源泉充分涌流，以造福於人民。

With the rapid development of the security stock market especially the stock market in chian ， issuing stock and circulating on market became the first choice of financing for more and more enterprise at the same time ， more and more investors are attracted by the relately high initial return of stock however ， the problem of ipos underpricing always exists in the stock market according to the data of more than one thousand chinese stocks ， most new issues had great raise in the first trade day ， and investors could acquire higher initial return than the average return of the stock market or the same industry we find that initial returns on a - share ipos average reached 132. 24 percent the main body of this paper is made up of six sections ： in the first part ， we introduced the method of the estimate of pricing decision ； in the second part ， we analyzed the method of the pricing decision and issuing system in china ， discussed the advantage and weakness of the various issuing methods ， and compared the economic efficiency between the examine and approve system and authorization system ； in the third part ， we analyzed the reason of ipo ' s underpricing in detail from information economics and other factors and combined with the environment of the chinese stock markets ， we analyzed the special characteristics in china and how they effect the ipo ' s underpricing in the fourth part ， we analyzed the data of chinese stock market with spss ， made a analysis of the administrative pricing decision and market pricing decision ， studied the underpricing phenomena of chinese stock market ， and analyzed it ' s causes ； in the fifth part ， we made a analysis of the examine approve system and authorization system ； and in the last part ， we drew some conclusions and put forth some policy advices the follow are the conclusions and policy advices in this dissertation ： （ 1 ） from the results of this empirical study ， we found that the issuing price - earning ratio and the market situation before ipos are strongly and positively associated with the underpricing of shares ， the issuing scale of ipo and the hit rate are strongly and negatively associated with the underpricing ； （ 2 ） we found that after the abolishing of ipo ' s p / e ratio and the using of authorization system ， there is no significant difference among the underpricing of shares ， but considered with the market entironment ， we think that the ipo ' s underpricing has been correspondingly reduced （ 3 ） to reduce difference between the primary market and the second market ， we suggested that we shall bring the " over - allotment option ( oao ) " to bear and resume the state - owned share and corporate - owned share to circulate on market as soon possible

本文的主體由六個部分組成：第一部分介紹新股發行定價的估值方法；第二部分對我國的發行定價方式和發行制度進行分析，探討不同發行定價方式的優缺點，以及審批制和核準制經濟效率分析；第三部分從信息經濟學角度和其他因素的角度詳細分析造成新股發行抑價的原因，並結合我國股票市場實際情況，分析了我國市場的特有因素是否及如何影響一級市場的發行抑價程度的；第四部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股行政化和市場化定價進行實證分析，主要包括新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的實施情況和效果分析、新股發行行政化定價方式的實證分析，以及新股發行行政化和市場化定價方式的比較實證分析；第五部分利用統計分析軟體spss對我國新股發行審批制和核準制進行實證分析；第六部分是本論文的主要結論。本文的主要結論和建議有： （ 1 ）從實證分析結果看，我國新股發行抑價與市場環境、發行市盈率呈顯著正向關系，與發行規模、申購中簽率等呈顯著反向關系。 （ 2 ）取消發行市盈率限制和實施核準制等市場化改革措施並沒有降低發行抑價的絕對水平，只是由於市場環境的因素，發行抑價的相對水平才有所降低。

In order to know entirely about the students " mental health current condition in northeast far area, and treat the existing questions correctly, develop the mental health education, ducuments, action studying, comparing and experience summarizing ; on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the trend and problems in the development of psychology health job, we investigate and analyse 4451 students mental health condition ranging from grade 4 in primary school to grade 3 in senior school. at the same time, we make an auxiliary investigation of the environmental elements ( condition of school job, condition of teachers " psychology quality, family environment ) that effect the students mental health, and combine with the job experience, we will make an expositions about reginal and practical interference tactics

為全面真實了解東北邊遠地區學生心理健康現狀，正確認識存在問題，從而積極、科學地開展心理健康教育，採用調查法、文獻法、行為研究法、比較法及經驗總結等方法，在分析總結國內心理健康教育工作發展趨勢和存在問題的基礎上，對某地區市、縣、鄉各級各類學校小學四年級至高中三年級共4451名學生的心理健康狀況進行了調查分析；同時，對影響中小學生心理健康的環境因素（學校工作狀況，教師心理素質情況，家庭環境等）進行了輔助調查，並結合工作實踐，對區域性、具有針對性、實效性的干預策略進行了論證。

Besides, the structure of the system for implementing the security management system in the client / server environment is also presented. the adoptability, ease usability and maintainability are primary characters of the method. the system also has properties of simple authorization and sound granularity control under the distributed environment

此外，本論文還提出了客戶機/服務器環境下實現安全管理系統的系統結構，該方法具有適應性強、使用方便、易於維護等特點；本系統還具有分散式環境下授權簡單、較好地控制了授權粒度等特點。

During the design of the bathing beach, a concept was developed which set the beach sands as a primary theme, projecting sunlight, beach alignment, and water surface. the proposed beach will have a m ore appealing environment for tourists to have great scenic views

沙灘浴場以沙灘為主景的造景構思，突出陽光、沙灘、水面等景觀，體現東湖「疑海聽濤」的意境。

In the end it forms instructional framework : theory base are constructivism and humanism ; instructional method are task - oriented and curriculum integration ; learning methods are including self - directed learning, cooperative learning, accepted learning and inquiry learning ; instructional organization forms consists of collective education, individual study, group interacted learning method, utilizing behavior evaluation system aided by investigating in instructional evaluation ; instruction environment is made up multi - media classroom, video and audio laboratory, computer classroom. the fourth part takes the no. 2 primary school of lanzhou refinery company as practicing object, exploring its teaching practice

最後設計形成了以建構主義、人本主義為理論基礎、以任務驅動法和課程整合法為主要教學方法、以自主學習與合作學習，接受學習與發現學習相結合為主要學習方法、以集體授課，個別化學習和小組相互作用相結合為主要教學組織形式、以表現性評價為主，調查測驗為輔的教學評價方法，以及以多媒體教室、電教實驗室、計算機室為主要教學環境的信息技術課課堂教學格局。

This paper, in the light of the special geological environment and actual project situation of the three gorges reservoir area, puts forward a comprehensive analysis and evaluation system suitable for the stability analysis of the bank landslide of the three gorges reservoir area under the premise of thorough consideration of the water influence on the stability of the bank landslide, and obtains the following achievements in several aspects that have the practical application significance and certain scientific research value : ( 1 ) it is discovered that the water activity is the primary factor of the formation of the new landslide and the revival of the ancient landslide. on the one hand, the rising underwater level reduces the actual stress of landslide ; on the other hand, the long time soaking of the underwater reduces the mechanics intensity of the landslide and the slide belt, both of which reduce directly the landslide stability ; ( 2 ) in view of the special condition of the three gorges reservoir area, this paper analyzes systematically the forces acted on the landslide of the three gorges reservoir area and the force varieties acted on the divided landslide when the water level changes between 175 meters and 145 meters. thus it is more scientific and comprehensive for the analysis of the forces acted on the landslide ; ( 3 ) this paper summaries systematically 10 kinds of typical computation projects by organic combinations of different kinds of situations in the dry season ( nature statue ), rainy season ( rainstorm or rains for a long time condition ), with 175m water level in the reservoir, during the earthquake, with the water level of the reservoir adjusted from 175m to 145m and so on, and produces

本文針對長江三峽庫區特殊的地質環境與工程實際情況，在充分考慮水對庫岸滑體穩定性影響的前提下，提出了一個適用於長江三峽庫岸滑坡體穩定性分析的綜合分析評價體系，並取得了如下幾個方面具有工程實際意義和一定科學研究價值的研究成果： （ 1 ）研究結果發現，水的活動是新滑坡形成或古滑坡復活的主要因素，一方面是由於地下水位升高降低了滑坡體的有效應力，另一方面是由於地下水的長期浸泡降低滑體及滑帶的力學強度，這兩方面的因素均將直接降低滑坡的穩定性； （ 2 ）針對三峽庫區的特殊條件，系統分析了作用於三峽庫區滑坡體上的力系和庫水位在175m與145m間變化時滑體條塊的受力變化，從而使對作用於滑坡體上的力系分析更科學、更全面； （ 3 ）通過對滑體處于旱季（天然狀態） 、雨季（暴雨或長期降雨狀態） 、 175m庫水位、地震以及庫水位由175m調節下降至145m等各種不同情況的有機組合，本文系統地歸納總結出了10種典型計算工況，並具體給出了相應的作用荷載的計算方法，使在庫區岸坡滑體穩定性分析評價時對計算工況選擇及其作用荷載的計算更具規范性； （ 4 ）具體運用c + + builder開發了關于滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統，使對滑坡體穩定性分析計算更方便、更準確； （ 5 ）將上述滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價系統應用於重慶市豐都縣名山滑坡穩定性分析的具體事例中，分析結果表明，本文所提出滑坡體穩定性綜合分析評價方法對三峽庫區的滑坡穩定性分析是實用可行的。

Mr freeman lau, head judge of the competition, gave his comments on the winning designs, the primary section presents the designers vision of creating a green and healthy earth which links up the protection of oceans 10 species with the overall environment of hong kong whereas the secondary section shows that we could help save the marine species by joining our efforts together. the open section brings out the urgency of protecting our marine species who are now pledging for help to their survival

評審主席劉小康先生對得獎設計有以下評價：小學組得獎作品提出保護海洋十寶行動與香港的整體環境有密切關系，以及達至綠色地球的宏願，是一份具視野的作品中學組冠軍作品顯示出我們可以合力拯救海洋物種而公開組作品則提出目前海洋物種面對的情勢非常危急，更作出救救我們的呼籲。

Problem - knowledge environment, where based on solving ill - structured problems, students may construct mathematics. by " doing mathematics " or exploring " mathematics experiment ", they may invent or discover some new mathematics knowledge by themselves. this is a challenge to traditional learning, which belongs to innovative learning. in microcosmic aspects, based on broad sense of knowledge idea, we make id for primary adaptive learning environment, while based on cognitive flexibility theory, we make id for senior adaptive learning environment

高級學習環境是一個再發現、再創造、建構數學知識的環境，其主要作用是促進學生基於數學問題解決，通過「做數學」 、探究「數學實驗」而進行再發現、再創造和建構新的數學知識和數學模式，這是一個數學創新學習的環境。

This paper introduces the probability and imperilment of combustible gas explode under heat - environment, expounds the domestic and overseas research status quo on explosive characteristic of combustible gas under heat - environment, indicates the primary questions and direction of how to develop more research on that subject

摘要闡述了熱環境下燃氣爆炸發生的可能性以及危害性，介紹了國內外關于熱環境下燃氣爆炸特性的研究現狀，指出了存在的主要問題和開展進一步研究的主要方向。

The characters, advantages, domestic and foreign status and developing direction of virtual instrument, are inroduced briefly. and the design process of control software of hptimi in the environment of labwindows / cvi is also presented. the primary data exchang mechanism among the contol units of hptimi and the corresponding program flow charts and their programmimg approaches are expatiated

論文通過簡單分析虛擬儀器的特點及國內外研究現狀和發展方向，詳細闡述在labwindows / cvi環境下，高解析度時間間隔測量儀控制軟體設計過程，說明其主要的數據交互機制，給出相應的程序流程圖和編程方法。

In ace ( advanced combat environment, by the creators of the excellent ofp wargames league mod ), the primary difference between hellfires and tows is that you must be almost at a hover to fire a tow ( due to it being wire - guided ), whereas a hellfire can be fired at speeds of up to around 90kph

在ace （閃點行動的聯盟模式）的模式下，地獄火與陶式導彈的主要區別是，由於陶式導彈是有線制導，你在發射導彈后必須圍著目標盤旋，而地獄火式導彈則可以在航速90公里的情況下發射。

Article 4 the " functional currency " refers to the currency of the primary economic environment in which the enterprise is operated

第四條記賬本位幣，是指企業經營所處的主要經濟環境中的貨幣。

In view of major water problems during urbanization in china, the authors discussed the significance of water environment for urban development from the aspects of ecology, landscape and culture, and put forward several primary principles, such as naturalness, diversity, sustainability and systematicness for urban water system restoration

結合我國城市化進程的主要水環境問題，指出在水系建設中重視水環境在生態、景觀、文化等方面的作用對支撐城市發展的意義，並討論了在水系建設重塑環境功能時應考慮的自然性、多樣性、連續性和系統性原則。

I. e. fuel cladding, primary circuit and containment to prevent the release of these fission products to the environment

即燃料包殼一迴路及安全殼，以防止裂變產物外泄，影響環境。

I. e. fuel cladding, primary circuit and containment ) to prevent the release of these fission products to the environment

（即燃料包殼、一迴路及安全殼） ，以防止裂變產物外泄，影響環境。

The primary goal of heavy ion experiment is to create environment for the formation of quark - gluon plasma. the formation of this state depends on the initial conditions of the matter created at the early stage of heavy ion collisions

高能重離子碰撞的一個重要目的是為夸克膠于等離于體（ qgp ）的形成創造條件， qgp的形成依賴于碰撞初期生成物質的初始狀態。

This paper analyzes the institutional defects in view of the policy environment, the primary market of mbs, the secondary market of mbs, and offers countermeasures : first, setting up national housing mortgage management institution, second, enlarging the service scope of housing mortgage - backed loan, third, differential loaning, fourth, regularly issuing the pricing of housing construction ; fifth, normalizing the institutional investors

從政策環境，抵鉀貨款一級市場，抵押貸款二級市場分析了中國房地產抵鉀證券化的制度缺陷，進而提出了對策措施： 1 ）成立國家住宅抵押管理機構； 2 ）擴大房地產抵押貨款范圍； 3 ）區別放貨； 4 ）國家定期公布房地產造價； 5 ）規范mbs機構投資者。