proposition of law 中文意思是什麼

Ehrlich put forward a famous proposition of the sociology of law that the center of gravity of legal development lies in society itself

埃利希提出了法律發展的重心在於社會本身這一著名的法社會學的命題。

Based on consider hereinbefore, this dissertation discusses several aspects on the problem of the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources as follows : ( 1 ) reviewed entirely the origin and evolvement of the concept " sustainable development ", stated and commented the study status in queue on " sustainable development " around national and international range, thorough discussed the science connotation about the concept " sustainable development " ; ( 2 ) looked back and commented across - the aboard some furthest basic concept and proposition related to groundwater resources, put forward self opinions on a few existent mistake points of view and chaos understandings ; ( 3 ) expatiated entirely on the content and meaning of the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, contrast with the traditional methods of groundwater resources calculation and evaluation, combined example to show the application of this theory ; ( 4 ) thorough analyzed the difficult and complexity to forecast the groundwater resources, fully stated the traditional methods of groundwater resources forecasting, pointed out the characteristic and applying condition of these forecasting method, introduced the main ideas and methods of wavelet analysis developed recently, and the matlab software be known as the fifths era computer language, and its accessory wavelet analysis toolbox, applied these methods and tools to analyze the groundwater dynamic curve, adopted the b - j method and morte - carlo method, combined with the theory of changeable groundwater resources system, discussed the new view on the forecast of groundwater resources ; ( 5 ) synthetically analyzed the characteristics and limitations of the present all kind of groundwater manage model, combined mathematical programming mathematical statistics random process and the theory of variation system of groundwater resources on the unite optimum attempter of surface water and groundwater, emphasized how to make the model more nicety, more simple, more practicality ; ( 6 ) analyzed the inside condition and outside condition to assure the sustainable and optimum exploi tation of groundwater resources, the inside conditions are the follows : correct resources idea, scientific methods of resources calculation and evaluation, credible forecast methods of resources, exercisable measures of resources management, the outside conditions are the follows : the development idea of high layer, the transform of manage system, the matched policy and rule of law, the adjusted of economy lever, the improve of cultural diathesis, the boosting up of water - saving consciousness and detail measures, the control of population rising, the prevention and cure of water pollute, the renew and rebuild of ecology ; ( 7 ) scan the sustainable and optimum exploitation of groundwater resources from the high level of metagalaxy, earth system science, and philosophy ; lint out the more directions on groundwater resources

基於以上考慮，論文主要從以下幾方面對地下水資源可持續開發問題進行了比較深入的探討：全面回顧了「可持續發展」概念的由來與演變，對國內外「可持續發展」的研究現狀進行了述評，並對「可持續發展」概念的科學內涵進行了深入探討；對涉及地下水資源的一些最基本的概念和命題進行了全面的回顧和評述，對目前仍然存在的一些錯誤觀點和混亂認識提出了自己的見解；全面闡述了地下水資源變值系統理論的內容和意義，並與傳統的地下水資源計算評價方法進行了對比分析，結合實例具體說明了方法的應用；深入分析了地下水資源預測預報工作的極端重要性和復雜性，對傳統的地下水資源動態預測方法進行了全面的評述，指出了各類預測預報方法的特點及適用條件，對最近二十多年剛發展起來的小波分析技術的主要思想和方法及其應用范圍，以及號稱第五代計算機語言的matlab軟體和附帶的小波分析工具箱進行了介紹，並應用於地下水動態過程線的分析，採用時間序列中的b ? j法，蒙特卡羅方法，與地下水資源變值系統理論相結合，探討了地下水動態資料分析和地下水資源預測預報的新思路；綜合分析了現今各類地下水管理模型的特點及缺陷，將數學規劃、數理統計、隨機過程等與地下水變值系統理論相結合進行地表水地下水或多水源的聯合優化調度，使模型更準確、更實用；對保證地下水資源可持續開發的內部條件和外部條件進行了分析，內部河海人學博卜學位論文前言、摘要、目錄條件主要是正確的資源觀，科學的資源計算與評價方法，可靠的資源預測預報技術，可操作的資源管理措施，外部條件主要是高層發展思路、管理體制的變革、配套的政策法規、經濟杠桿的調節、人文素質的提高、節水意識的增強及具體節水措施、人口增長的控制、水體污染的防治、生態的恢復和重建等;從宇宙科學、地球系統科學及哲學的高度審視地下水資源的可持續開發;指出了地下水資源可持續開發的進一步研究方向。

However any clause in substantive law always manifests as the general normative proposition, its content shall be manifested in the mean of one by one specific treatment of cases, the content and value of substantive law can gradually formed in the structure of general normative proposition merely upon the proceedings of contentious procedure

然而任何實體法的條文總表現為一般的規范命題，而其內容必須藉助、通過一個個具體的案件處理才能顯示出來，實體法的內容、價值必須通過訴訟程序的進行，才能在一般規范命題框架內逐漸形成。

The second section of this paper lists and analyzes some representative property rights delineation events, such as grain price regulation, rural land requisition, asset contract, law defect, farmers " burdens, in order to testify the theoretical proposition from the practical angle

本文第二部分結合中國農村經濟中的現實情況，列舉及分析了糧價管制、農地徵用、資產文契、藝玉八碩士學住論文wmas 」 er 』 stihsis法制缺陷、農民負擔等一些有代表性的影響農民收入的復雜產權界定事件，以求從實踐角度驗證理論命題。

This thesis states particularly and fully the trend of the new development of international investment law and takes this as the direction of the perfection of our foreign investment legislation, analyzes generally and objectively those problems of the current foreign investment legislation, explains scientifically the elements that result in the problems and the necessity of the perfection of the foreign investment legislation, and finally comes to the proposition of perfecting chinese foreign investment legislation and formulating a unified, scientific, and advanced foreign investment legal system that coincide with international developing trend

本文詳細、充分的闡述了國際投資法的新發展趨勢，以此作為我國外資立法完善的指導方向，全面、客觀地分析了我國現行外資法存在的諸多問題，科學地剖析了現行外資立法問題的成因和完善立法的必要性，最後重點提出了完善外資立法、建立統一、科學、有一定前瞻性，且符合國際發展趨勢的外商投資法律體系的構想。

In discussing american ideals and values against the backdrop of the social, political, and economic upheavals over the past several years, my message could be reduced to a very simple proposition. it s a proposition that harks back to the basic law and the joint declaration. it recalls wartime governor sir mark young and continues back to adam smith

過去幾年裡在香港經歷社會、政治和經濟起伏的這個大背景下，當我們討論美國理念和價值觀時，我的觀點可以歸納為一個簡單的建議，這個建議又回到《基本法》和聯合聲明的主題，也叩應了戰時港督楊慕琦、甚至遠達亞當史密斯的論點。

The author points out that proposition of " environment and resources protection law " has some mistakes in the logical structure and content, because the concept of environment embodies resources and we can properly utilize those resources that could be regenerated rather than to protect them, so it would be more scientific to name the proposition as environmental law

摘要認為「環境與資源保護法」的說法在邏輯結構和內容上存在錯誤，資源即包括在環境概念之內，而對資源中的可再生資源也不能採用保護說法，而應該是合理利用，綜合以上，作者認為採用環境法這一說法更加科學。

In addition, the proposition that law base on evilness of human nature is called into question and rationality is the key foundation of law is raised in the paper

同時對傳統的人性惡是法律基礎的命題提出疑問並指明作為法律的社會基礎的人性著重在於人的理性層面。

Shifting the burden of proof of is the special provision and exception of the principle of burden of proof, during drafting " civil evidence code ", divergences about how to regulate the burden of proof appear, jurists have diffirent opinions on it, this paper set out from those divergences and disputes, discussing in detail with six sections : the disputes on the shifting the burden of proof, reasonable define the conception about shifting the burden of proof, the relation of shifting the burden of proof and deduction, shifting the burden of proof in present law and regulations, the function of shifting the burden of proof and the civil cases suitable for this regulation, legislative proposition. this artical elabrates the theoretical and realistic foundation of shifting the burden of proof. moreover, shifting the burden of proof is a phenomenon of proceeding and other regulations of solution to disputation, it is not confined to those laws and regulations of procedure, but also exist in substantial law

舉證責任倒置是舉證責任分配規則中的特殊與例外，在民事證據法的草擬過程中對舉證責任倒置的存廢與否產生了分歧，法學界對此的觀點也呈現出百花齊放的態勢，本文從舉證責任倒置爭議與分歧的觀點出發，基於舉證責任倒置存在與否的爭議、舉證責任倒置概念的合理界定、舉證責任倒置與推定的關系、舉證責任倒置在我國現行法律中的體現、舉證責任倒置的功能及可適用民事案件的具體類型、舉證責任倒置立法完善的構想共六個部分具體闡述，從理論角度、司法實踐及立法構想三個不同的視角分析舉證責任倒置在我國的存在的理論意義、現實意義與立法前景，表明舉證責任倒置不僅在我國具有立法基礎而且有實踐環境，闡述舉證責任倒置雖然是出現于訴訟或是解決爭議的其他程序中的一個現象，但它又不局限於訴訟及其他解決爭議的程序規范，從現有的法律規范及法律實踐來看，舉證責任倒置與實體法是「同呼吸，共命運」的，用句老話說就是「皮之不存，毛將焉附? 」

Abstract : it is proved that system heat quantity absorbing by reversible and irreversible process is not equal, so, the paper points out that merge formulas on mathematical expansion of the second law of thermodynamics are incorrect, and raises the proposition of correct expansion

文摘:通過證明可逆和不可逆兩種過程系統吸收熱量的不相等，指出將熱力學第二定律表示式寫成合併式的作法是不妥的，並提出了正確表示的建議。

As the definite proposition of the grant goal of our country - to construct the socialist state governed by law, the process of role of law is constantly advancing

摘要隨著我國「建設社會主義法治國家」宏偉目標的明確提出，我國的法治進程得到不斷推進。

The axiom system of law theory insist : the reasoning of law science is the same as the one of natural science, one proposition is deduced from another proposition, the correctness of the first proposition depends on the correctness of the second proposition, the correctness of the second proposition depends on the third proposition, and so on

法律的公理體系理論主張:法學的推理與自然科學推理的方式是相同的，都是由一個命題出發經過邏輯推理得出另一個命題。后一個命題的正確性取決於前一個命題的正確性，而前一個命題的正確性又取決于再前一個命題的正確性，一直可以追溯到一個不能再行追問的而必須被確認為真的命題? ?公理，而公理的正確性則取決于公眾的一致承認。

During the process, the labor legislation gradually improves, the ideas of the labor law continue updating, and the labor law has changed from a private law to a law composed of private attribute and public attribute. the labor law becomes possessing the attributes of the social security law and a part of it. the thesis is divided into three parts in order to probe the proposition that the labor law is a part of the social security

從古今中外各國勞動法立法的完善、勞動法屬性的演進和勞動法理念的更新過程中，可以發現:勞動法的立法宗旨最終定位為尋求個人利益和社會利益的協調發展;勞動法律關系的主體、客體和內容兼具「公」 、 「私」屬性;勞動合同體現出國家意志和當事人意思自治的完美結合;勞動爭議解決的手段也是「公」 、 「私」並用;勞動保障監察更是以保護勞動者利益為目標。

Tracing the causes, they may be as follows. maybe it is affected by the traditional research mode of the circle of international criminal law in china ; maybe the contents involved with the above proposition are fairly rare, so from the existing

而從國際刑法的「兩重性」 、國際犯罪的主體、國際犯罪的行為特徵、國際犯罪侵害的法益等標準出發，又可以將國際犯罪劃分為不同的類型。